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Meet ¡®Pink,¡¯ the new face of human evolution in Europe Western Europe has a new oldest face: the facial bones of an adult nicknamed "Pink" discovered in Spain are from a potential new member of the human family who lived more than 1.1 million years ago, scientists said Wednesday. Read in AFP News: https://apple.news/AaNQk2CBHSx2Sdns3S8vYQgCheers, Dan D.

R-L45 , R-L493 The surname of Stephen Warman of Balanterodoch, Scotland is close to the actual surname of W?rmund W?RMUND. ¡° 1237, the town name was recorded as "Ballentrodoch", from the Scottish Gaelic Baile nan Trodach, which means "town of the warriors¡± Read the story of ¡°¡±King W?RMUND¡±¡± of England and ¡°¡±King Uffa¡±¡± his son.[5] W?rmundingt¨±n ¡®settlement (Old English t¨±n) associated with W?rmund Balanterodoch, Scotland ¡° Balantrodach

I don¡¯t recall anyone having made mention of the following: A distinct genetic marker, carried by descendants of Robert the Bruce¡¯s close relatives, has been identified by researchers at the University of Strathclyde. Although there are varying theories about the exact relationship between the Bruces of Clackmannan and King Robert the Bruce, there is a consensus that it was very close. In the Register of the Great Seal for 1365, a charter of King David II confirms a grant of lands in Clackmannan to Robert Bruce, who is described in Latin as ¡°dilecto et fideli nostro consanguineo¡± (our beloved and faithful kinsman). This Robert is first mentioned in 1360 as the young heir of his father, Thomas Bruce. The genetic marker has been given the name FTB15831. https://www.strath.ac.uk/whystrathclyde/news/2022/geneticmarkerdiscoveredfordescendantsofbruceclan/

Dear all, A very short update to my Phylogeography document to include the minor R-Z381 clades. This is all of R-Z381 except R-Z156, R-S1688 and R-L48. In other words, it doesn't impact on most people, but it is hopefully valuable for the few folks that inhabit these smaller haplogroups! Cheers, Iain.

I now have 5 Big Y tested members in the VanHouten project, all in or downstream of R-BY71870, with 4 of the 5 having paper trails back to one Roelof Cornelisz. van Houten, who was first recorded as drawing supplies in 1638 in the records of Rensselaerswyck, New Netherlands. The fifth I was only able to trace back to a Henry Van Houten, recorded in the 1850 census of Salem, Washtenaw County, Michigan at age 77 with presumed wife Susan, but this 5th match (and my original Big & match) is grouped with a descendant of Roelof's son Cornelis in R-BY81828. The most recent match I had hoped would produce a new haplogroup with me, as I had traced him to be descended, like me, from Roelof's son Helmagh, while the remaining tester is descended from his third son, Theunis, but the three of us are still grouped together in R-BY71870. The big surprise is that the new tester matches the two members of R-FTA73229, with the most recent common haplogroup being R-Y98475, which is estimated to have been created in 450AD.

Any views on the new feature on My Heritage- Ancient origins reports? -- Kevin Terry

Hi Shane, You might want to check YFull again. Currently the R-Y340824 group is empty, but it does show a sample YF131078, which I presume is yours, at R-FGC17465*. Since YFull only has a small number of testers compared to Family Tree DNA, not all the haplogroups are represented, and some are represented under different names. R-FGC17465 at YFull is equivalent to R-FGC17460 at YFull, since there are no FGC17465+ FGC17460- testers to form a new haplogroup. Consequently, both of you are placed in R-FGC17465=R-FGC17460, and given a TMRCA of ~2200 years. Cheers, Iain.

Hi Jason, I find the best way to visualise these ancient connections is via Discover's Time Tree. However, if you do this, you will see no ancient connections listed! There is a reason for this - all these ancient connections are a very long way back in the past. The key date for you is the "shared ancestor" dates. These show that your closest relation with these ancient DNA results (Pruszcz Gda¨½ski 479, Koksijde 15, Groningen 12, Nagytarcsa 19 and Denmark Historical 3) is about 2150 BC. In other words, these individuals may have lived in the medieval or even modern time periods, but even your closest relations among them aren't related to you in the last 4000 years or so. They have very limited relevance to your family's story. To understand the history of your male lineage, you might be interested in my recent phylogeography document. This doesn't go quite as detailed as R-FTE23068, but it does cover R-FGC14877 on page 32. I think a Scandinavian origin is less likely. North-western Europe is probably more likely, with a migration to the British Isles taking place probably at some point in the first millennium AD (i.e., any time from the Roman era up to the Norman conquest). Best wishes, Iain.

Researchers zero in on original Indo-Europeans Ancient DNA and archaeology studies zero in on a population living 6,000 years ago between the Caucasus and the lower Volga River as origin of the family of languages now spoken from Europe to India https://apple.news/ADOTyPDRCQf6RWaUow4JrkA Dan D

Hi all, I've pushed out the latest update to my phylogeography document for R-U106. As well as the R-U106 basal clades, it now includes the migrations of R-Z18 and its sub-clades. The key geographical split of R-Z18 is between the Nordic countries (particularly Norway and Sweden) and the Alpine countries (particularly Switzerland and Slovakia). This geography is unique to R-Z18 among all R-U106 sub-clades. Looking at homogeneity and heterogeneity in individual R-Z18 sub-clades, I've deduced that R-Z18 did not begin in either of these extremes, but probably somewhere in the middle. I've assumed an origin and initial growth in the southern end of the Nordic Bronze Age and dated the subsequent migrations north and south to the rise of the Germanic peoples. That is not to say that all R-Z18 were Germanic, but that the majority seem to be. The Jastorf culture probably plays a significant role in the growth of R-Z18, but I've not been able to pin that role down precisely. See the document for full details and information about individual haplogroups. Much of it is necessarily either speculative or imprecise, as this is really getting as much as we can out of the data. Don't expect a lot of the detail to be accurate or unchanging in the future, and there may well be different explanations that I haven't thought of that fit the data better than the understanding I've been able to build up. This represents the last chunk I was able to get done over the Christmas holidays. I'm expecting the next chunk will take me some time. All the best, Iain.

Greetings and HNY, For those of you concerned with the subclade in the heading, here is a small update. As you may recall, in the past I have suggested that the Curry lineages of Ayrshire are unlikely to descend from the Dumfriesshire Corries, given that the early records (11-1200s) show Curry already in Ayrshire. I recently checked the Wikipedia entry for Corrie, which devotes a small paragraph to this issue: "The Norse Chronicle H¨¢konar saga H¨¢konarsonar records the valiant deeds of a Scottish knight at the Battle of Largs in 1263. His name is recorded in the saga as "Ferus" and "Perus", and it describes how he rode out through the ranks of enemy¡ªthe Norwegians¡ªand back to his own lines to safety before being slain.[4] Modern historians have tentatively identified this saga character with Piers de Curry. from Ayrshire, who was a vassal of the Stewarts.[5][6] However, it is not certain that he was connected with the Annandale family." One of the references for this assertion, the book "Viking Empires" published about 20 years ago, is available on Archive.org. In it we can read: "Parts of the Norwegian force, however, made a stand at the vessels that had been driven ashore by the storms at various points along the beach, using the vessels as makeshift fortifications, and succeeded in driving back the Scots, killing a knight named ¡®Perus¡¯, who has been identified tentatively as Piers de Curry, an Ayrshire vassal of the Stewarts.¡ã*" The reference here is the same as the other reference in the Wikipedia article, which dates from 1981. Hence scholarly opinion appears to suggest that the de Curry lineage of Ayrshire (in the A6535 subclade) may well descend from one of the vassals who accompanied Walter FitzAlan to Ayrshire in about 1141. Cheers, Roy

For those of us here in America there is a new project where you might be able to get your exome sequenced with potentially the results being added to your medical record. Still early as to whether you would be able to con your medical professional to allow you to download the data for your personal assembly and analysis. https://www.truveta.com/blog/announcement/leading-us-health-systems-launch-the-truveta-genome-project/ Wayne

There is currently a major project at Exeter University which is using AI to transcribe 25,000 wills from the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. I am sure there will be many exciting discoveries. You can read about the project here: https://sites.exeter.ac.uk/materialcultureofwills/ The project is highlighting interesting wills once a month on their blog: https://sites.exeter.ac.uk/materialcultureofwills/blog/ Debbie Kennett

Hi folks, As part of my latest analysis of R-U106, I've had a look through the R-U106 basal clades* and put together an assessment of their early migrations. (*I haven't looked at R-Z18 or R-Z381 yet but much of this will be true for them too.) The bottom line is that I've struggled to say anything very much about individual haplogroups with confidence, but there is a general sense that all of the basal clades of R-U106 probably formed during the initial migration of the haplogroup westwards into what's now northern Germany, but didn't stray far from there during the period between about 2900 and 2300 BC. There is later evidence of basal haplogroups in Denmark and Sweden, the Netherlands, Poland and even as far south as Spain, apparently travelling with the Bell Beaker Culture. (This analysis doesn't go as far forward as the Unetice culture.) The rest of R-U106 (and any replies) might take some time - as well as a rather tricksy time at home, I'm still nursing a hand injury. Please also bear in mind that this is probably everything I can say about each individual haplogroup, and not all of the results will be correct - this is still mainly guesswork! Happy New Year to all, Iain.

Hi folks, Happy New Year! I'm writing to get a head start on collecting BAM (Binary Alignment Map) files for an upcoming migration of the YDNA Warehouse tree to the hs1 reference genome in 2025. This update aligns with the data from the experimental group of R1b-FGC11134 samples currently in progress. For most of you who have already provided a BAM, no further action is required. I'll process your data once I'm finished addressing DE and IJ subclades. If you haven't provided a BAM or have upgraded to Big Y 700 since then, here's why submitting a current BAM is beneficial: Smoother data realignment: Distributing submissions throughout this time will help with the realignment process to hs1. Registered members will receive a notification from info@... when it's crunch time to submit. Updated Big Y STR Panels: This is an opportunity to update your Big Y STR panels, which you can compare with others in the Private R-U106 Study Preview (enrollment or investigator access required). More precise tree inference: Upgraders, your additional ~5 million bases will significantly improve the accuracy of the tree. Privacy Considerations: Your data security is our top priority. We employ robust technological safeguards and offer optional 2-factor authentication for your account. All data shared publicly is completely de-identified. We use new kit numbers (Taxon IDs) and allow you to control the information displayed in reports (e.g., EKA details, kit aliases). Alternative File Formats: If your lab charges extra for BAM files, VCF or BED formats are acceptable. However, integrating these files into the final tree position will require manual processing, which is currently backlogged for branches outside of mine. I'm finalizing tools to streamline this process in the future. You¡¯re Not R-U106: Feel free to also start updating your files and sharing with your more specific subclade. I¡¯m starting with U106 when coming back to R1b, since it¡¯s currently the furthest behind in updates. Thanks for your time and participation! James Kane

Hi again! Thanks for all the interest as a flash mob. You'll be seeing some sluggishness as the overgrown cell phone that hosts the site tries to keep up with you all accessing the new Study. I'm adding a cache in front of the pain point and responsiveness will improve loading the Member List. James Kane

Published 01 January 2025.... High-resolution genomic history of early medieval Europe Abstract Many known and unknown historical events have remained below detection thresholds of genetic studies because subtle ancestry changes are challenging to reconstruct. Methods based on shared haplotypes1,2 and rare variants3,4 improve power but are not explicitly temporal and have not been possible to adopt in unbiased ancestry models. Here we develop Twigstats, an approach of time-stratified ancestry analysis that can improve statistical power by an order of magnitude by focusing on coalescences in recent times, while remaining unbiased by population-specific drift. We apply this framework to 1,556 available ancient whole genomes from Europe in the historical period. We are able to model individual-level ancestry using preceding genomes to provide high resolution. During the first half of the first millennium CE, we observe at least two different streams of Scandinavian-related ancestry expanding across western, central and eastern Europe. By contrast, during the second half of the first millennium CE, ancestry patterns suggest the regional disappearance or substantial admixture of these ancestries. In Scandinavia, we document a major ancestry influx by approximately 800 CE, when a large proportion of Viking Age individuals carried ancestry from groups related to central Europe not seen in individuals from the early Iron Age. Our findings suggest that time-stratified ancestry analysis can provide a higher-resolution lens for genetic history. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08275-2