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Subject: Trump¡¯s green energy bargain bin Date: Fri, 21 Mar 2025 11:27:22 +0000 From: Bloomberg Green <noreply@...> Reply-To: noreply@... To: Bernhard Scheffler <bernhard@...> Green Daily Green deals in a drill, baby, drill era Today¡¯s newsletter looks at the green bargains investors are finding in US President Donald Trump's "drill, baby, drill" era. You can also read the full version of this story on Bloomberg.com. For unlimited access to climate and energy news, please subscribe. Trump¡¯s green energy bargain bin By Will Mathis and Petra Sorge Private infrastructure investors are snatching up green bargains in what¡¯s emerged as a buyer¡¯s market for wind, solar and battery projects. The moves follow a a slump in clean-energy stocks, as US President Donald Trump¡¯s call for more fossil-fuel power generation has sent a chill through the sector and boosted Big Oil¡¯s plans to pivot back to core business. ¡°We think the fundamentals of renewable power are as strong as they¡¯ve ever been,¡± said Ignacio Paz-Ares, managing partner and deputy chief investment officer in the renewable power and transition group at Brookfield Asset Management. ¡°Whenever we see a dislocation between what the market noise is and the fundamentals, that creates a very good opportunity for us to make acquisitions at very attractive entry prices.¡± Brookfield is among the asset managers betting that rising energy consumption and competitive economics of renewables will continue to drive demand for the sector. In recent months Brookfield has done a series of big green deals, including a $1.7 billion transaction to buy an onshore renewables business from National Grid Plc, a ?1.75 billion ($2.3 billion) stake purchase in UK offshore wind farms from Orsted A/S and a €6.1 billion ($6.6 billion) takeover of French developer Neoen SA, which owns solar, wind and energy storage assets. Paz-Ares said the firm is looking to buy more as it continues to raise money for its second energy transition fund. The acquisition of Neoen was particularly good timing for Brookfield. The alternative asset manager and co-investors first bought a controlling stake in December for €39.85 a share, a third lower than Neoen¡¯s peak in early 2021. A large battery storage facility in Australia. Photographer: Carla Gottgens/Bloomberg With all of these deals, Brookfield took assets from the public market into the private one. They highlight an opportune moment for investors with money to spend on the sector. A stock market bubble for all things green peaked in early 2021 and has now left valuations of publicly-traded clean energy companies around the lowest level in about five years. ¡°Stock prices haven¡¯t done well over last few years, but in the real economy clean is booming,¡± said Aniket Shah, head of sustainability and transition strategy at Jefferies. ¡°When sentiment around something is low, it¡¯s a good time to be a buyer.¡± Vincent Policard, co-head of European infrastructure at KKR & Co., which is looking to raise up to $7 billion for its first Global Climate fund, said the geopolitical factors putting pressure on valuations is ¡°creating a compelling opportunity for long-term investors like us to lean in and support the energy transition.¡± At the same time, the retreat of some of Europe¡¯s biggest energy companies, BP Plc and Shell Plc, from the renewables sector has created opportunities in areas like offshore wind. BP made some of its hugest wind bets off the UK coasts a few years ago, driving up prices for projects. Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, which recently closed its largest-ever renewables fund with €12 billion, said it¡¯s now starting to re-enter those waters. ¡°We stayed out of the big blood bloodbath in the North Sea,¡± said Jakob Baruel Poulsen, managing partner and co-founder at CIP, but the firm recently bought a 480-megawatt Morecambe project off the western coast of the UK in the Irish Sea at ¡°very attractive terms.¡± CIP said last month it was acquiring full control from its current owners Cobra and Flotation Energy. A press release on the announcement said Flotation E

https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=64586 These are official US figures based on projects already approved. In 2025, new solar (52%) and battery (29%) will dominate, giving a combined 81% of the total added capacity. Wind (12%) and gas (7%) will make up most of the rest. In absolute terms, new (added) solar power generation capacity will increase from 30 GW added in 2024 to 32.5 GW added in 2025. New battery power capacity will dramatically increase from 10.3 GW added in 2024 to 18.2 GW added in 2025. Battery energy capacities are not given. New wind capacity will increase from a low 5.1 GW added in 2024 to 7.7 GW added in 2025. New natural gas capacity is planned to be 4.4 GW added in 2025. 50% as open cycle gas turbines, 36% to be the more efficient (but also more expensive) combined cycle gas turbines, and the rest replacing coal in steam Rankine cycles.

" The federal government currently pays hundreds of millions of dollars per year for the spent fuel¡¯s temporary storage." Dit klink na ongeveer 'n miljoen dollars per dag. "Eighty-one percent of new power capacity additions last year came from solar." Subject: The Climate Fix: Nuclear waste finds its forever home Date: Fri, 14 Mar 2025 19:20:28 +0000 From: The New York Times <nytdirect@...> Reply-To: nytdirect@... To: bernhard@... The Climate Fix: Nuclear waste finds its forever home Finland may soon become the first country to develop a permanent way to store spent nuclear waste. All Newsletters Read online For subscribers March 14, 2025 Excavating equipment at the site of the Onkalo repository project, the world¡¯s first permanent spent-nuclear-fuel storage facility, deep in granite bedrock in Finland, in 2017. Miikka Pirinen for The New York Times Nuclear waste finds its forever home By Allison Prang Editor¡¯s note: The Climate Fix is our twice-a-month guide to the most important solutions to climate change across the world. Have comments about what we should cover? Email us at Climateforward@.... For decades, the U.S. government has been staring down a growing problem: It doesn¡¯t have a permanent site to dispose of used nuclear fuel. Finland, however, is about to be the first country that does. Posiva Oy, a joint venture owned by two Finnish nuclear power companies, is on the cusp of officially starting operations at what is set to be the world¡¯s first permanent underground disposal site for spent nuclear fuel. The Times reported on their plans in 2017. Posiva has been working on the site, located on the country¡¯s western coast, since 2004, and it hopes to begin permanent disposal in less than a year. ¡°We have a solution,¡± said Pasi Tuohimaa, Posiva¡¯s communications manager. ¡°Final disposal of the spent fuel, it has been the missing part of sustainable use of nuclear energy.¡± Earlier this month, the United States Supreme Court heard arguments in a lawsuit over the federal government¡¯s decision to approve a temporary storage facility for spent nuclear fuel in Texas. The lawsuit underscored a touchy subject ¡ª plans to store nuclear waste deep under Yucca Mountain in Nevada, the only permanent storage site in the United States allowed by federal law, have been stalled for years. The World Nuclear Association estimates the amount of spent nuclear fuel in the U.S. at the moment would fill up only half of a football field. But, as demand for electricity has risen, the nuclear industry is going through something of a renaissance, with companies investing billions and planning to reopen shuttered plants in the U.S. How Posiva¡¯s storage plan works A copper capsule for spent nuclear fuel during a test in the Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository in Eurajoki, Finland, in 2018. Lehtikuva/Reuters The barriers to permanently storing nuclear waste aren¡¯t as much technical as about planning and politics. Permanent nuclear waste storage facilities can take decades to study and build. At its disposal site, Posiva has drilled an array of tunnels spanning a collective 10 kilometers, Tuohimaa said. The company¡¯s plan is to insert the used fuel pellets into rods that are contained in iron and copper canisters. The containers are then stored hundreds of meters underground and surrounded by compressed bentonite, a type of clay that swells when it comes into contact with moisture and essentially tightens the area around the containers. The tunnels are then backfilled. ¡°The main thing is to isolate it safely,¡± Tuohimaa said. Right now, spent nuclear fuel in the U.S. can be temporarily stored in special pools or in dry casks at nuclear-reactor sites, according to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. It can also be stored at independent storage sites if authorized by the commission, which is one of the issues at the heart of the case that has made its way to the Supreme Court. Storing it temporarily, however, has a hefty price tag. The federal government currently pays hundreds of millions of dollars per year for the spent fuel¡¯s temporary storage.

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As mens deesdae Google met Daily Friend Energy, dan verskyn onderstaande artikel nie meer nie -- of altans nie meer hoog op die eerste bladsy nie. Die skakel werk egter nog, en aldrie my kommentare wat vroeer as "spam" verwyder is, verskyn daarby. En artikels deur anti-hernubare skrywers soos A Kenny en ? uit die afgelope 12 maande verskyn nie. As ek nou Google met Daily Friend Energy, dan verskynveel meer rasionele artikels soos https://dailyfriend.co.za/2024/09/21/whatsacanbe-an-energy-powerhouse/ en https://dailyfriend.co.za/2025/03/01/forget-tax-increases-focus-on-energy-rail-and-ports-to-kick-start-economy/ Eersgenoemde nogal met 'n kommentaar "At the rate Eskom is increasing the price of electricity, my investment in solar might turn out to be the best I ever made" wat normaal sou wees elders, maar vroeer raar op DF. Subject: Daily Friend se vete teen Hernubares Date: Wed, 19 Feb 2025 07:38:02 +0200 From: bernhard <bernhard@...> To: pwvanderwalt@... <pwvanderwalt@...>, Wolhuter, Riaan, Dr <wolhuter@...> Waarom publiseer DF sulke volgehoue valse berigte oor hernubare energie. Een van die mees onlangse artikels https://dailyfriend.co.za/2024/09/15/free-energy-is-very-expensive-clean-energy-is-filthy/ deur ene ingenieur Andrew Kenny wemel van valshede en verdraaiings. My kommentaar: "Unlike the situation here presented "coal burning China" has actually steadily reduced its (very high) percentage of coal generated electricity from 81% in 2007 to 60% in 2021. Since then it does not quote for generation from coal separately from oil and natural gas. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_China ? ? "The same China has increased its generation from solar PV from 152 GWh in 2008 to 584 TWh in 2023 -- a more than three thousandfold increase! In 2023, its wind power generation was even higher -- 886 TWh. So much for China's attitude to these "very expensive, filthy" renewables! "China today leads the world in both the production and the use of both solar PV, of wind turbines and of Electric Vehicles (EVs)." is gister summier as "spam" verwerp voordat ek die wikipedia skakel ingevoeg het. Sedertdien verskyn daarby "Hold on, this is waiting to be approved by The Daily Friend" sedert gisteraand.

New York Times: Automobiles: German carmakers are losing the Chinese market to rivals that have changed the definition of a high-end car. It now means one that is electric, smart and affordable.

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AI¡¯s Energy Demands Threaten a Nuclear Waste Nightmare | Scientific American Prof Riaan Wolhuter | PhD Pr Eng SMIEEE SMSAIEE Associate Professor Extraordinary: DSP-Telecommunications Electrical- & Electronic Eng Stellenbosch University e: wolhuter@... | t: +27 83 444 5220 | Dept E & E Eng, Banghoek Rd, Stellenbosch, South Africa The and confidentiality of this email are governed by these terms. Disclaimer Die integriteit en vertroulikheid van hierdie e-pos word deur die volgende bepalings bere?l. Vrywaringsklousule

Iets vir Bernhard om te geniet. https://www.ecoticias.com/en/new-type-of-nuclear-fusion-discovered/11013/ Lyk my hulle kom nog by die neutron probleem.

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/28/technology/china-deepseek-ai-silicon-valley.html Why DeepSeek Could Change What Silicon Valley Believes About A.I. A new A.I. model, released by a scrappy Chinese upstart, has rocked Silicon Valley and upended several fundamental assumptions about A.I. progress. Listen to this article ¡¤ 9:13 min Learn more Share full article 458 Markets panicked after DeepSeek¡¯s breakthrough on cost challenged the ¡°bigger is better¡± narrative that has driven the A.I. arms race in recent years.Credit...Bryan R. Smith/Agence France-Presse ¡ª Getty Images By Kevin Roose Reporting from San Francisco Jan. 28, 2025 Leer en espa?ol The artificial intelligence breakthrough that is sending shock waves through stock markets, spooking Silicon Valley giants, and generating breathless takes about the end of America¡¯s technological dominance arrived with an unassuming, wonky title: ¡°Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.¡± The 22-page paper, released last week by a scrappy Chinese A.I. start-up called DeepSeek, didn¡¯t immediately set off alarm bells. It took a few days for researchers to digest the paper¡¯s claims, and the implications of what it described. The company had created a new A.I. model called DeepSeek-R1, built by a team of researchers who claimed to have used a modest number of second-rate A.I. chips to match the performance of leading American A.I. models at a fraction of the cost. DeepSeek said it had done this by using clever engineering to substitute for raw computing horsepower. And it had done it in China, a country many experts thought was in a distant second place in the global A.I. race. Some industry watchers initially reacted to DeepSeek¡¯s breakthrough with disbelief. Surely, they thought, DeepSeek had cheated to achieve R1¡¯s results, or fudged their numbers to make their model look more impressive than it was. Maybe the Chinese government was promoting propaganda to undermine the narrative of American A.I. dominance. Maybe DeepSeek was hiding a stash of illicit Nvidia H100 chips, banned under U.S. export controls, and lying about it. Maybe R1 was actually just a clever re-skinning of American A.I. models that didn¡¯t represent much in the way of real progress. Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Eventually, as more people dug into the details of DeepSeek-R1 ¡ª which, unlike most leading A.I. models, was released as open-source software, allowing outsiders to examine its inner workings more closely ¡ª their skepticism morphed into worry. And late last week, when lots of Americans started to use DeepSeek¡¯s models for themselves, and the DeepSeek mobile app hit the number one spot on Apple¡¯s App Store, it tipped into full-blown panic. I¡¯m skeptical of the most dramatic takes I¡¯ve seen over the past few days ¡ª such as the claim, made by one Silicon Valley investor, that DeepSeek is an elaborate plot by the Chinese government to destroy the American tech industry. I also think it¡¯s plausible that the company¡¯s shoestring budget has been badly exaggerated, or that it piggybacked on advancements made by American A.I. firms in ways it hasn¡¯t disclosed. But I do think that DeepSeek¡¯s R1 breakthrough was real. Based on conversations I¡¯ve had with industry insiders, and a week¡¯s worth of experts poking around and testing the paper¡¯s findings for themselves, it appears to be throwing into question several major assumptions the American tech industry has been making. The first is the assumption that in order to build cutting-edge A.I. models, you need to spend huge amounts of money on powerful chips and data centers. Editors¡¯ Picks Overlooked No More: Annie Easley, Who Helped Take Spaceflight to New Heights Walking With Rhinos in Zimbabwe: ¡®Everyone Benefits¡¯ See Lucy Run, 3.2 Million Years Ago Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT It¡¯s hard to overstate how foundational this dogma has become. Companies like Microsoft, Meta and Google have already spent tens of billions of dollars building out the infrastructure they thought was needed to build and run next-generation A.I. models. They p

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-deepseeks-ai-model-just-became-the-top-rated-app-in-the-u-s/ January 27, 2025 4 min read Why DeepSeek¡¯s AI Model Just Became the Top-Rated App in the U.S. A Chinese start-up has stunned the technology industry¡ªand financial markets¡ªwith a cheaper, lower-tech AI assistant that matches the state of the art By Stephanie Pappas edited by Jeanna Bryner Weiquan Lin/Getty Images Artificial Intelligence DeepSeek¡¯s artificial intelligence assistant made big waves on Monday, becoming the top-rated app in Apple¡¯s App Store and sending tech stocks into a downward tumble. What¡¯s all the fuss about? DeepSeek, a Chinese start-up, surprised the tech industry with a new model that rivals the abilities of OpenAI¡¯s most recent one¡ªwith far less investment and reduced-capacity chips. The U.S. bans exports of state-of-the-art computer chips to China and limits sales of chip-making equipment. DeepSeek, based in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, reportedly had a stockpile of high-performance Nvidia A100 chips that it had acquired prior to the ban¡ªso its engineers could have used those chips to develop the model. But in a key breakthrough, the start-up says it instead used much lower-powered Nvidia H800 chips to train the new model, dubbed DeepSeek-R1. ¡°We¡¯ve seen, up to now, that the success of large tech companies working in AI was measured in how much money they raised, not necessarily in what the technology actually was,¡± says Ashlesha Nesarikar, CEO of the AI company Plano Intelligence. ¡°I think we¡¯ll be paying a lot more attention to what tech is underpinning these companies¡¯ different products.¡± On common AI tests in mathematics and coding, DeepSeek-R1 matched the scores of Open AI¡¯s o1 model, according to VentureBeat. U.S. companies don¡¯t disclose the cost of training their own large language models (LLMs), the systems that undergird popular chatbots such as ChatGPT. But OpenAI CEO Sam Altman told an audience at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2023 that training the company¡¯s LLM GPT-4 cost more than $100 million. In contrast, DeepSeek says it made its new model for less than $6 million. DeepSeek-R1 is free for users to download, while the comparable version of ChatGPT costs $200 a month. DeepSeek¡¯s $6-million number doesn¡¯t necessarily reflect how much money would have been needed to build such an LLM from scratch, Nesarikar says. The reported cost of DeepSeek-R1 may represent a fine-tuning of its latest version. Nevertheless, she says, the model¡¯s improved energy efficiency would make AI more accessible to more people in more industries. The increase in efficiency could be good news when it comes to AI¡¯s environmental impact because the computational cost of generating new data with an LLM is four to five times higher than a typical search engine query. Because it requires less computational power, the cost of running DeepSeek-R1 is a tenth of that of similar competitors, says Hancheng Cao, an incoming assistant professor of information systems and operations management at Emory University. ¡°For academic researchers or start-ups, this difference in the cost really means a lot,¡± Cao says. Curated by Our Editors Do Chatbots Just Need More Time to ¡®Think¡¯? Lauren Leffer Could Inflicting Pain Test AI for Sentience? Conor Purcell Google Makes a Major Quantum Computing Breakthrough Dan Garisto AI Chatbots Will Never Stop Hallucinating Lauren Leffer DeepSeek achieved its model¡¯s efficiency in several ways, says Anil Ananthaswamy, author of Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Math behind Modern AI. DeepSeek-R1 has about 670 billion parameters, or variables it learns from during training, making it the largest open-source LLM yet, Ananthaswamy explains. But the model uses an architecture called ¡°mixture of experts¡± so that only a relevant fraction of these parameters¡ªtens of billions instead of hundreds of billions¡ªare activated for any given query. This cuts down on computing costs. The DeepSeek LLM also uses a method called multihead latent attention to boost the efficiency of its i

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/28/opinion/deepseek-ai-trump.html Deur in die VSA EVs en hernubares af te takel, word China bevoordeel. By discounting renewables and EVs in the US, China benefits. Trump Is Going Woke Jan. 28, 2025 Credit...Agence France-Presse ¡ª Getty Images Listen to this article ¡¤ 9:39 min Learn more Share full article 1.6k By Thomas L. Friedman Opinion Columnist I understand that Donald Trump was elected to better manage our borders and curb left-wing wokeism. But have no illusions: Trump¡¯s right-wing wokeism ¡ª impugning electric vehicles and renewable energy because they don¡¯t conform to MAGA ideology and aren¡¯t manly enough ¡ª is as devoid of common sense and not remotely in the national interest as any left-wing cultural wokeism. It¡¯s not even in the interest of his own base: The five states with the largest share of wind power in America are red states. They generated at least a third of their power from wind. This is geography, not politics: Rural districts across the middle of America have the most solar and wind energy potential. They know it and are taking advantage of it ¡ª even if they vote Republican. Most important: If Trump¡¯s all-in-on-fossil-fuels, ¡°drill, baby, drill¡± rallying cry ¡ª at the dawn of this era of artificial intelligence, electric vehicles, batteries and autonomous cars ¡ª really becomes our strategy, it will not make America great again. But it will definitely help make China great again. Indeed, when Trump declared in his Inaugural Address that he planned to propel Americans to Mars, the first vision that popped into my head was of a U.S. astronaut landing on the red planet and being met there by a Chinese astronaut, asking, ¡°What took you so long?¡± Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Hey, Friedman, why do you keep comparing America and China? It¡¯s certainly not because I¡¯d prefer to live there or have its problems, which are many and deep, particularly in banking. No, it¡¯s because, despite its problems, China still knows how to make big stuff ¡ª often with sheer force from the top down, usually buttressed by massive government support but also often by common-sense planning and, more often than we¡¯d like to believe from an authoritarian system, by creative innovation. China is also not so silly as to treat one form of electricity generation as more conservative, liberal or Maoist than another. In the end, the outputs are all just electrons. They have no politics. All Beijing cares about is which is most abundant, efficient, cheap and clean. I was struck by the ¡°coincidence¡± that on the day of Trump¡¯s inaugural, where he boasted that ¡°America will soon be greater, stronger and far more exceptional than ever before,¡± the Chinese A.I. start-up DeepSeek unveiled its newest flagship A.I. model, R1, which demonstrated a new level of reasoning power ¡ª power that it was able to achieve with a smarter algorithm and without importing the most advanced U.S. chips that we¡¯ve placed restrictions on China from acquiring. You can get more A.I. juice either by getting a bigger orange (more neural networks and data) or by squeezing a smaller orange tighter with a smarter algorithm. That is what DeepSeek has reportedly done. Sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter Get expert analysis of the news and a guide to the big ideas shaping the world every weekday morning. Get it sent to your inbox. As an article in Business Insider described it, ¡°DeepSeek says R1 achieves ¡®performance comparable to OpenAI o1 across math, code and reasoning tasks,¡¯¡± and it quoted Theo Browne, a software developer behind a popular YouTube channel, as saying, ¡°The new DeepSeek R1 model is incredible.¡± So what does that have to do with energy policy? Because everything today is connected ¡ª which is exactly what Trump and his right-wing wokesters don¡¯t understand. Editors¡¯ Picks Overlooked No More: Annie Easley, Who Helped Take Spaceflight to New Heights It¡¯s Dumpling Week! We Have 5 Amazing Recipes You Can Make at Home. Why Some of Malaysia¡¯s Best Films Aren¡¯t Shown in Malaysia Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT The faster A.

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Materiaal van Bennu https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/nasas-latest-asteroid-sample-hints-at-lifes-extraterrestrial-origins/ Prof Riaan Wolhuter | PhD Pr Eng SMIEEE SMSAIEE Associate Professor Extraordinary: DSP-Telecommunications Electrical- & Electronic Eng Stellenbosch University e: wolhuter@... | t: +27 83 444 5220 | Dept E & E Eng, Banghoek Rd, Stellenbosch, South Africa The and confidentiality of this email are governed by these terms. Disclaimer Die integriteit en vertroulikheid van hierdie e-pos word deur die volgende bepalings bere?l. Vrywaringsklousule

Why DeepSeek Could Change What Silicon Valley Believes About A.I. A new A.I. model, released by a scrappy Chinese upstart, has rocked Silicon Valley and upended several fundamental assumptions about A.I. progress. Listen to this article ¡¤ 9:13 min Learn more Share full article 421 Markets panicked after DeepSeek¡¯s breakthrough on cost challenged the ¡°bigger is better¡± narrative that has driven the A.I. arms race in recent years.Credit...Bryan R. Smith/Agence France-Presse ¡ª Getty Images By Kevin Roose Reporting from San Francisco Jan. 28, 2025, 5:02 a.m. ET The artificial intelligence breakthrough that is sending shock waves through stock markets, spooking Silicon Valley giants, and generating breathless takes about the end of America¡¯s technological dominance arrived with an unassuming, wonky title: ¡°Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.¡± The 22-page paper, released last week by a scrappy Chinese A.I. start-up called DeepSeek, didn¡¯t immediately set off alarm bells. It took a few days for researchers to digest the paper¡¯s claims, and the implications of what it described. The company had created a new A.I. model called DeepSeek-R1, built by a team of researchers who claimed to have used a modest number of second-rate A.I. chips to match the performance of leading American A.I. models at a fraction of the cost. DeepSeek said it had done this by using clever engineering to substitute for raw computing horsepower. And it had done it in China, a country many experts thought was in a distant second place in the global A.I. race. Some industry watchers initially reacted to DeepSeek¡¯s breakthrough with disbelief. Surely, they thought, DeepSeek had cheated to achieve R1¡¯s results, or fudged their numbers to make their model look more impressive than it was. Maybe the Chinese government was promoting propaganda to undermine the narrative of American A.I. dominance. Maybe DeepSeek was hiding a stash of illicit Nvidia H100 chips, banned under U.S. export controls, and lying about it. Maybe R1 was actually just a clever re-skinning of American A.I. models that didn¡¯t represent much in the way of real progress. Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Eventually, as more people dug into the details of DeepSeek-R1 ¡ª which, unlike most leading A.I. models, was released as open-source software, allowing outsiders to examine its inner workings more closely ¡ª their skepticism morphed into worry. And late last week, when lots of Americans started to use DeepSeek¡¯s models for themselves, and the DeepSeek mobile app hit the number one spot on Apple¡¯s App Store, it tipped into full-blown panic. I¡¯m skeptical of the most dramatic takes I¡¯ve seen over the past few days ¡ª such as the claim, made by one Silicon Valley investor, that DeepSeek is an elaborate plot by the Chinese government to destroy the American tech industry. I also think it¡¯s plausible that the company¡¯s shoestring budget has been badly exaggerated, or that it piggybacked on advancements made by American A.I. firms in ways it hasn¡¯t disclosed. But I do think that DeepSeek¡¯s R1 breakthrough was real. Based on conversations I¡¯ve had with industry insiders, and a week¡¯s worth of experts poking around and testing the paper¡¯s findings for themselves, it appears to be throwing into question several major assumptions the American tech industry has been making. The first is the assumption that in order to build cutting-edge A.I. models, you need to spend huge amounts of money on powerful chips and data centers. Editors¡¯ Picks Flu Season Is in Full Swing. When Do You Need Tamiflu? The Hitchhiker¡¯s Guide to the Hummingbird Asheville¡¯s Big Attraction, Its Food Scene, Tries to Hit Reset SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT It¡¯s hard to overstate how foundational this dogma has become. Companies like Microsoft, Meta and Google have already spent tens of billions of dollars building out the infrastructure they thought was needed to build and run next-generation A.I. models. They plan to spend tens of billions more ¡ª or, in the case of OpenAI, as much a

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-deepseeks-ai-model-just-became-the-top-rated-app-in-the-u-s/ "free for users to download" "improved energy efficiency" Uses less-expensive chips Open source January 27, 2025 4 min read Why DeepSeek¡¯s AI Model Just Became the Top-Rated App in the U.S. A Chinese start-up has stunned the technology industry¡ªand financial markets¡ªwith a cheaper, lower-tech AI assistant that matches the state of the art By Stephanie Pappas edited by Jeanna Bryner Weiquan Lin/Getty Images Artificial Intelligence DeepSeek¡¯s artificial intelligence assistant made big waves on Monday, becoming the top-rated app in Apple¡¯s App Store and sending tech stocks into a downward tumble. What¡¯s all the fuss about? DeepSeek, a Chinese start-up, surprised the tech industry with a new model that rivals the abilities of OpenAI¡¯s most recent one¡ªwith far less investment and reduced-capacity chips. The U.S. bans exports of state-of-the-art computer chips to China and limits sales of chip-making equipment. DeepSeek, based in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, reportedly had a stockpile of high-performance Nvidia A100 chips that it had acquired prior to the ban¡ªso its engineers could have used those chips to develop the model. But in a key breakthrough, the start-up says it instead used much lower-powered Nvidia H800 chips to train the new model, dubbed DeepSeek-R1. ¡°We¡¯ve seen, up to now, that the success of large tech companies working in AI was measured in how much money they raised, not necessarily in what the technology actually was,¡± says Ashlesha Nesarikar, CEO of the AI company Plano Intelligence. ¡°I think we¡¯ll be paying a lot more attention to what tech is underpinning these companies¡¯ different products.¡± On common AI tests in mathematics and coding, DeepSeek-R1 matched the scores of Open AI¡¯s o1 model, according to VentureBeat. U.S. companies don¡¯t disclose the cost of training their own large language models (LLMs), the systems that undergird popular chatbots such as ChatGPT. But OpenAI CEO Sam Altman told an audience at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2023 that training the company¡¯s LLM GPT-4 cost more than $100 million. In contrast, DeepSeek says it made its new model for less than $6 million. DeepSeek-R1 is free for users to download, while the comparable version of ChatGPT costs $200 a month. DeepSeek¡¯s $6-million number doesn¡¯t necessarily reflect how much money would have been needed to build such an LLM from scratch, Nesarikar says. The reported cost of DeepSeek-R1 may represent a fine-tuning of its latest version. Nevertheless, she says, the model¡¯s improved energy efficiency would make AI more accessible to more people in more industries. The increase in efficiency could be good news when it comes to AI¡¯s environmental impact because the computational cost of generating new data with an LLM is four to five times higher than a typical search engine query. Because it requires less computational power, the cost of running DeepSeek-R1 is a tenth of that of similar competitors, says Hancheng Cao, an incoming assistant professor of information systems and operations management at Emory University. ¡°For academic researchers or start-ups, this difference in the cost really means a lot,¡± Cao says. Curated by Our Editors Do Chatbots Just Need More Time to ¡®Think¡¯? Lauren Leffer Could Inflicting Pain Test AI for Sentience? Conor Purcell Google Makes a Major Quantum Computing Breakthrough Dan Garisto AI Chatbots Will Never Stop Hallucinating Lauren Leffer DeepSeek achieved its model¡¯s efficiency in several ways, says Anil Ananthaswamy, author of Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Math behind Modern AI. DeepSeek-R1 has about 670 billion parameters, or variables it learns from during training, making it the largest open-source LLM yet, Ananthaswamy explains. But the model uses an architecture called ¡°mixture of experts¡± so that only a relevant fraction of these parameters¡ªtens of billions instead of hundreds of billions¡ªare activated for any given query. This cuts down on computing costs. The De

https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-climate-withdrawal-creates-rare-discord-with-big-oil-2025-01-22/ "the withdrawal only limits Washington's ability to influence an ongoing global energy transition" "Chamber of Commerce's Global Energy Institute representing U.S. energy companies, said its members would have preferred Trump keep the U.S. involved in the pact." Trump's climate withdrawal creates rare discord with Big Oil By Valerie Volcovici and Sheila Dang January 22, 202511:54 PM GMT+2Updated 3 days ago Item 1 of 3 A view of an oil pump jack on the prairies near Claresholm, Alberta, Canada January 18, 2025. REUTERS/Todd Korol [1/3]A view of an oil pump jack on the prairies near Claresholm, Alberta, Canada January 18, 2025. REUTERS/Todd Korol Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab Summary Companies Withdrawal from Paris agreement increases regulatory ambiguity, risks US energy firms planning long-term investments in technologies aimed at fighting climate change US oil industry prefers engagement in global climate talks WASHINGTON, Jan 22 (Reuters) - U.S. oil and gas producers are thrilled that President Donald Trump wants to encourage domestic energy development but say his decision to withdraw the United States from international climate cooperation will not help their investment plans in the global transition to cleaner energy. The position reflects a rare note of discord between Trump and Big Oil, one of his most important constituencies and long considered the top villain behind climate change for pumping and selling the fossil fuels driving planetary warming. Advertisement ¡¤ Scroll to continue Report this ad Removing the United States from the Paris climate deal for the second time was among a flurry of first-day moves by Trump aimed at pumping up already record high domestic energy production, sending a signal to the rest of the world the U.S. will no longer engage in multilateral efforts to combat climate change. He called the decade-old pact to limit global warming a "rip off" that puts the U.S. at a competitive disadvantage to China. Advertisement ¡¤ Scroll to continue Report this ad Big U.S. oil companies, however, believe the withdrawal only limits Washington's ability to influence an ongoing global energy transition and exposes them to an uneven regulatory environment, according to Reuters interviews with industry representatives. Marty Durbin, president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's Global Energy Institute representing U.S. energy companies, said its members would have preferred Trump keep the U.S. involved in the pact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/23/climate/trump-global-energy-transition.html Kelly Sims Gallagher, dean of the Fletcher School at Tufts University, said the United States need not retreat aggressively from renewables, as the Trump administration vows. Doing so only cedes ground to its biggest rival, China, she said. Trump¡¯s Retreat From Clean Energy Puts the U.S. Out of Step With the World Most major economies are investing in ever-cheaper solar and wind power. The United States risks further ceding a global market to China. Listen to this article ¡¤ 5:32 min Learn more Share full article Open modal at item 1 of 4 Open modal at item 2 of 4 Open modal at item 3 of 4 Open modal at item 4 of 4 Clockwise from top left: A wind farm on China¡¯s Bohai Sea; solar in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Britain¡¯s last coal-burning plant in Ratcliffe-on-Soar, now shuttered; a car dealership in Oslo, Norway.. By Somini Sengupta Jan. 23, 2025 Sign up for Your Places: Global Update. All the latest news for any part of the world you select. Get it sent to your inbox. President Trump¡¯s repudiation of renewable-energy technologies stands to make the United States an outlier in the world. Many of its large-economy peers are choosing a different path. Even as coal, oil and gas still power the global economy, and more fossil fuels are burned year after year, the movement globally is toward heavy investment in solar, wind and batteries, the prices of which have fallen sharply in recent years. The European Union has aggressively moved away from coal. Its use of natural gas is declining, and last year solar alone made up 11 percent of power generation across the 27-country bloc, inching above coal, according to a new analysis by Ember, a research group. Britain closed its last coal-burning power plant last year, and its government has said it would issue no new drilling licenses in the North Sea. Norway, a petrostate that has enriched itself with oil exports, offers such attractive incentives for clean transport that 90 percent of new cars sold in 2024 were electric. Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Even Saudi Arabia, the world¡¯s biggest oil exporter, has set a goal to generate half of its electricity from renewable energy by 2030. China is in a league of its own. It burns more coal than any country by far, making it the world¡¯s biggest emitter of planet-heating greenhouse gases. But at the same time, it is home to nearly two-thirds of all the world¡¯s utility-scale solar and wind projects under construction. China¡¯s dominance of the manufacturing of inexpensive solar panels has driven down the price of solar energy globally. And its companies are setting up electric vehicle factories as far afield as Thailand and Brazil. 2024 Brought the World to a Dangerous Warming Threshold. Now What? Global temperatures last year crept past a key goal, raising questions about how much nations can stop the planet from heating up further. Worldwide, investors poured nearly twice as much money into renewable energy in 2024 as they did into fossil fuels, according to the International Energy Agency. ¡°The world is undergoing an energy transition that is unstoppable,¡± Simon Stiell, the head of the United Nations¡¯ climate agency, said Tuesday at the World Economic Forum gathering in Davos, Switzerland. Mr. Trump¡¯s energy-related executive orders, many issued on his first day in office, seek to make it easier for companies to produce oil and gas, and empower the government to stop clean-energy projects that have already been approved. (Coal use has sharply declined in the United States, mainly because of the availability of cheap fracked gas.) Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT ¡°Doubling down on fossil fuels puts the U.S. on a very different trajectory than Asian and European economies in particular,¡± said Chris Seiple, vice chairman for renewables at Wood Mackenzie, a research firm. Trump Administration: Live Updates Updated Jan. 23, 2025, 9:07 p.m. ET3 hours ago Trump pardons anti-abortion activists who blockaded a clinic in Washington. Trump bars transgender women from U.S. pri

South Carolina Utility Seeks Buyers for Failed Nuclear Project The utility, Santee Cooper, is trying to sell two nuclear reactors that it abandoned in 2017 as tech companies seek new sources of electricity for data centers. Listen to this article ¡¤ 3:50 min Learn more Share full article The V.C. Summer power plant near Jenkinsville, S.C., in 2016. Construction on two new reactors was halted in 2017 because of delays and cost overruns.Credit...Chuck Burton/Associated Press By Danielle Kaye Jan. 22, 2025 A major power provider in South Carolina started accepting bids from buyers on Wednesday to finish two nuclear reactors, hoping to take advantage of the recent interest in the energy source from technology companies. The utility, Santee Cooper, wants to sell the reactors that were mothballed in 2017 before they were half complete. Its decision comes as the tech industry, which is rapidly building power-hungry data centers, has begun looking to nuclear plants for their ability to provide lots of electricity around the clock without releasing emissions responsible for climate change. But delays and cost overruns have dogged nuclear power in recent decades in the United States. When Santee Cooper halted construction of the two reactors, at the V.C. Summer power plant, it left them less than 40 percent built and stalled a project once billed as a notable step forward for nuclear power generation in the United States. The company and a partner, South Carolina Electric & Gas, spent about $9 billion on the incomplete reactors. Santee Cooper said it was working with the investment firm Centerview Partners to field proposals from potential buyers until May 5. The company added that it did not intend to own or operate the reactors once they are complete. Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT ¡°We are seeing renewed interest in nuclear energy, fueled by advanced manufacturing investments, AI-driven data center demand, and the tech industry¡¯s zero-carbon targets,¡± Jimmy Staton, Santee Cooper¡¯s chief executive, said in a statement. Initially proposed in 2007 ¡ª at a time when industry officials were predicting a resurgence in nuclear power ¡ª the South Carolina project grappled with a shifting energy landscape before it stalled a decade later. Improvements in energy efficiency caused demand for electricity to plateau nationwide during those years, while a hydraulic fracturing boom flooded the country with cheap natural gas, a lot of which is burned in power plants to generate electricity. V.C. Summer has one large operating nuclear reactor that was built in 1982 and is run by Dominion Energy, a utility company in Richmond, Va., that bought South Carolina Electric & Gas in 2019. That reactor is not part of the sale of the two incomplete reactors owned by Santee Cooper. The energy landscape has shifted again in recent years. Several tech giants, including Microsoft, Amazon and Alphabet, have said they would help fund nuclear reactor construction to support their artificial intelligence expansion. The federal government also stepped in to support the resurgence of interest in nuclear power. In September, the Energy Department said it had finalized a $1.52 billion loan guarantee to help a company restart a shuttered nuclear plant in Michigan. Congress and the Biden administration offered billions of dollars in subsidies to keep older nuclear plants running and to build new reactors. While President Trump has opposed and sought to repeal many of former President Joseph R. Biden Jr.¡¯s energy and climate policies, he has said he supports nuclear energy. Editors¡¯ Picks My Son Wants to Pay for His Sister to Freeze Her Eggs. Too Weird? Two Houses, Alike in Dignity, in Fair Verona (Plus One in West Orange) Was That a 900 or 1080 on the Halfpipe? X Games Can Now Ask A.I. Advertisement SKIP ADVERTISEMENT Globally, demand for nuclear power has been growing in recent years alongside mounting concern about climate change. Nuclear reactors can generate electricity without emitting planet-warming greenhouse gases. But environmentalists and some other critics no