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Regarding your question, and this is a general remark as I havent the ability to look at the gaps you are referring to ¡ª gaps may result from many different and/or combinations of reasons. 1st to

STT-A2, VK268, VK290, VK324, VK424, VK117, SK328 are all relevant Norse sub Z159.? Some clearly not in line of the Galbraiths as not sub S8368.? VK268 and VK424 are just Z159.? A Frisian (Gronigen)

what number constitutes a few ? Also, might someone share the link to the Ancient DNA study of Viking that includes mapped data. I seemed to have missplaced link that I had.

For what it's worth, the Kincaid's nearest neighbour and holder of some Kincaid lands were the Galbraiths.? They are a sub R-Z159 clade (Z159>S8368>FGC15450>FGC15439>FGC15440).? As some of you may

Is anyone in this group in touch with Peter Sjolund [?]. Although his expertise is the DNA of Sweden, he is bound to know anyone in Norway today who is interested in this sort of thing. The history of

The Vikings were affiliated with the Clyde as well as the hybrid culture of the Gal Gaedhil which embodied Both Gaels (exceptionally prevalent in Argyll and SW Scotland among other Scottish

I should also add the following link that gives evidence of the Vikings on the Clyde and indications of permanent settlement there.

Thank you for your comments! Just to be clear, the 1300 years or so of isolation I am talking about is the first 800 and some in the Skein area (where VK389 lived) and then the Viking age started and

FWIW, Norway has arguably always been mostly rural. And yet, I don¡¯t think Skien would be included on a list of ¡°relatively rural¡± even in the oldest times as compared to other areas of the

I agree that Skien certainly 'became' a commercial center.? However, as your article reference notes, until 1979 it was believed that it was not founded until the 1300s when it became a market

If so, there is a possible explanation supported by local history and an ancient DNA; namely VK389 from Skein, Telemark, Norway. VK389 was a 10th century Viking of the above noted haplogroup R-Y8604.

The Big Tree (https://www.ytree.net/DisplayTree.php?blockID=3047) has the R-U106 branch that my Kincaid are part of (R-A321) as being separated from its parent snp R-FGC12993 by 18 mutations or 1494

Hi All I would agree with most of what Iain says here. I am a big fan of Oxford Nanopore Technology ¨C they have devoted so much time over the past dozen or more years to make all this long-read

? Iain is right on all accounts. Several in my group decided to play around with it. I can only see a benefit if a SNP splits a block somewhere or ties two or more ancestral blocks together. I

Dante offers an alignment of results to T2T for $20.? ? - FASTQ data aligned to the T2T-CHM13 v2.0 assembly - T2T is the most complete reference genome - Receive BAM files and VCFs aligned to the

Hi Kevin, all, Brian or others might be able to correct my description of the technology but, as Bruce mentions, the T2T consortium has published the first complete sequence of the Y chromosome,

Hi Kevin, The hg38 genome, and earlier published human genomes, contained regions of DNA that were very difficult or impossible to sequence using short read "Next Generation" sequencers. In short

YFull is? offering a Hg38 to T2T upgrade for €23. What is the benefit of doing this? -- Kevin Terry

I guess it's interesting that they impute political values into their findings. To suggest that social stratification resulted in the dissolution of an idyllic/utopian society without considering

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