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I keep getting this error message when I try to transmit a packet using Direwolf on my MS Surface Go:

Audio output failure waiting for buffer.
This can occur when we are producing audio output for
transmit and the operating system doesn't provide buffer
space after waiting and retrying many times.
Timeout waiting for input from audio device 0.
Terminating after audio input failure.

Does anyone know what is causing this error? I suppose it has something to do with the Surface Go being a very poor, under-powered machine that I probably shouldn't be trying to run anything substantial on. But I have managed to run things like WSJTX, FLdigi and JS8Call on it.

Is there anything I can do to fix this, apart from using a better computer?

-- 
David M. Johnson
+1 (801) 946 2773

Thanks again for the detailed explanations, after some more tweaking I have it working most of the time which means it's a audio levels issue.? I'm doing minor changes and letting it run for 24 hours sending emails back and forth.? ? Doing lots of reading and developing a method for tuning all this.? I have a scope, but my understanding is I have to tear apart a radio to really use it so that's not a good option.

I'd be happy to share my config with anyone whose interested.? ?This is pretty basic stuff, but you have to start somewhere,? a month or so ago I thought packets where those things you got sugar in at Denny's.

The client stack: ? ? ? ? Diamond CP22E VHF 144-148MHz 2 Meter Base / Repeater Antenna 6.5dBi Gain on a 50 ft tower

About 40 feet away I have:
? ? ? ? bpq32
? ? ? ? direwolf
? ? ? ? Rasberry Pi 3B+ with a Electlab enclosure
? ? ? ? Digirig interface
? ? ? ? Baefeng BR-F8HP with the whip antenna that comes with it.? ?(Soon to be replaced with a?Yaesu FT-2980R)

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Hello,

?Thanks David,? ?I really appreciate your help.

Happy to help!

You talk about "linpac",? I tried various google searches and nothing to do with ham radio comes up.

Hmmm.. if you search for "packet radio linpac" or "amateur radio linpac", it's the first hit of many hits.

Direwolf should be configured to use it's own unique SSID as should LinBPQ.? Usually, enduser stations should be configured with the silent -0 (zero) SSID aka "KK7CXF".? So what I would recommend is to configure LinBPQ to use KK7CXF (no SSID given) and then configure Linpac to use say KK7CXF-8.? The specific number doesn't matter but it should NOT conflict with the Linpac callsign+ssid.? If you ever use NETROM connections, I would then recommend to use SSIDs from -11 to -15 either.

I take Linpac and LinBPQ to mean the same, but that doesn't sit well with me as you were exact in what you were saying.

Oh.. sorry, I did slip up once and mentioned Linpac.? My apologies.? I meant to only say LinBPQ in that entire email.? They key thing is think Direwolf being smart and it recognizes it's own configured callsign and SSID.? As such, you should make sure there is never a conflict.? Technically speaking, you can leave Direwolf's configured callsign as "n0call" and that will avoid the confusion but I generally don't recommend that.

So the client and gateway talk, but I cannot pass mail from the client, nor does it pick up mail for me (KK7CXF).? ? I am concerned that I bpq32 is not setup to pass messages.

That seems to be the most likely issue.? For BPQ questions, you join the BPQ email list and ask there.

? From the logs it looks like I am making a connection, and when I test it with the BPQ32 terminal it connects and appears to be OK.? ?I did get a "DONE!" from Steve Waterman when I requested sysop access so I assume it's not a permission thing, it's more of a timing thing that will get better when I move away from the Baofeng.? ?Still, if everything just worked, what would I learn.

The Baofeng radio will definitely distract and slow you down but if it's making a working AFSK 1200bps packet connection, that's not your issue.? I get the impression that you are trying to create a WInlink gateway which means you need to configure your BPQ station to proxy the packet connection to the Internet based Winlink CMS servers.? This might be a BPQ configuration issue, it might be a firewall issue, etc.? I'm not exactly sure as I don't run BPQ personally.

I from the logs below, I think what's happening is that direwolf gets the connections (SABM),? acknowledges it (UA) passes that along to bpq32, and that makes the connections to CMS on the amazon cloud, then times out asking the client "are you there" (RR).? ? I wasn't able to find a document that has the "I cmd" to tell me what that does or what I should expect next.

The direwolf output.

KK7CXF audio level = 56(31/23)? ?[NONE]? ?|||||||__

1. [0.3 22:00:17] KK7CXF>KK7CXF-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

2. [0L 22:00:17] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(UA res, f=1)

3. [0L 22:00:18] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(I cmd, n(s)=0, n(r)=0, p=1, pid=0xf0)Trying ec2-3-225-219-57.compute-1.amazonaws.com<0x0d>

4. [0L 22:00:24] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(RR cmd, n(r)=0, p=1)

5. [0L 22:00:30] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(RR cmd, n(r)=0, p=1)

6. [0L 22:00:37] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(RR cmd, n(r)=0, p=1)

7. [0L 22:00:43] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(RR cmd, n(r)=0, p=1)

8. [0L 22:00:50] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(RR cmd, n(r)=0, p=1)

9. [0L 22:00:56] KK7CXF-10>KK7CXF:(DISC cmd, p=1)

I agree something is wrong here.? The KK7CXF station should have sent an ACK for packet #3 back to KK7CXF-10.? What does the packet logs show on the KK7CXF?? I have to believe this might be a packet station to station audio tuning level where you can create an initial connection due to those packets being very short but longer packets are possibly corrupted due to over-deviation, distortion, hum, etc.

The CMSAccess log shows:

05:35:18 10 KK7CXF Connected to CMS

05:35:18 10 Callsign :

05:35:18 10 KK7CXF KK7CXF

05:35:18 10 ;SQ: 02935655

05:35:18 10 ;SR: 12717834 0 0

05:35:18 10 [WL2K-5.0-B2FWIHJM$]<cr>

05:35:18 10 ;PQ: 89573848<cr>

05:35:18 10 CMS via KK7CXF ><cr>

05:35:56 10 Disconnected. Bytes Sent = 0 Bytes Received 52 Time 38 Seconds

I don't know the BPQ lines well but first off, those are entirely different timestamps so those are different transactions.? This specific transaction looks good and it seems to show that the KK7CXF station has presented it's callsign, it's password and got a WL2K prompt!

I'm good with you telling me "go study this link that describes the protocol",? but perhaps a pointer as to where I should look.? ?Also, is there a place in direwolf where I can log the kiss traffic to really see what's passing back and forth between direwolf and LinBPQ?

I think you are seeing the right Direwolf decoding entries.? You can enable logging with Direwolf to write it to a file instead if you wish.? See "man direwolf" to see the various command line options available to you.

--David
KI6ZHD

?Thanks David,? ?I really appreciate your help.

I try not to ask questions w/o doing research on my end to try and figure it out first.? ?One of these days I'll be able to help others, but for now.? ?Just trying to grok it all.
Your suggestions worked,? my Direwolf test platform back replies to my winlink client (Winlink, soundmodem on a Win 10 pc directly connected to an ICOM 9700).? ?

I do have a couple questions though.

You talk about "linpac",? I tried various google searches and nothing to do with ham radio comes up.

Direwolf should be configured to use it's own unique SSID as should LinBPQ.? Usually, enduser stations should be configured with the silent -0 (zero) SSID aka "KK7CXF".? So what I would recommend is to configure LinBPQ to use KK7CXF (no SSID given) and then configure Linpac to use say KK7CXF-8.? The specific number doesn't matter but it should NOT conflict with the Linpac callsign+ssid.? If you ever use NETROM connections, I would then recommend to use SSIDs from -11 to -15 either.

I take Linpac and LinBPQ to mean the same, but that doesn't sit well with me as you were exact in what you were saying.

So the client and gateway talk, but I cannot pass mail from the client, nor does it pick up mail for me (KK7CXF).? ? I am concerned that I bpq32 is not setup to pass messages.? From the logs it looks like I am making a connection, and when I test it with the BPQ32 terminal it connects and appears to be OK.? ?I did get a "DONE!" from Steve Waterman when I requested sysop access so I assume it's not a permission thing, it's more of a timing thing that will get better when I move away from the Baofeng.? ?Still, if everything just worked, what would I learn...

I from the logs below, I think what's happening is that direwolf gets the connections (SABM),? acknowledges it (UA) passes that along to bpq32, and that makes the connections to CMS on the amazon cloud, then times out asking the client "are you there" (RR).? ? I wasn't able to find a document that has the "I cmd" to tell me what that does or what I should expect next.

The direwolf output.

The CMSAccess log shows:

I'm good with you telling me "go study this link that describes the protocol",? but perhaps a pointer as to where I should look.? ?Also, is there a place in direwolf where I can log the kiss traffic to really see what's passing back and forth between direwolf and LinBPQ?? ??

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Hello John,

Strange.. your message from 11/18 just came in on 11/22.? Anyway..

Conceptually speaking, is it possible to use Pat and Direwolf in conjunction with Digirig, Mac and a KX3 to send/receive Winlink messages?

Since you're using a a KX3, you want to do Winlink over HF.? Correct?? If so, it's worth mentioning that HF communications uses uses VARA (Windows x86 centric program), PACTOR (using hardware TNCs), Robust Packet, or ARDOPv1 (being deprecated but there are still a lot of them out there).? As far as I can tell, there are ZERO 300bps HF AX.25 packet Winlink stations out there:

??

So.. if you want HF Winlink communications, it's not going to be using AX.25 packet via Direwolf.? The newest, highest performance solution would be using the commercial VARA HF mode -


Now, let's say you want to use a VHF/UHF compatible radio, you then didn't mention WHICH type of Mac hardware (M1/M2, Intel, PowerPC) and OSX OS version you're running but the best I can break down:

? - Digirig - it's hard to tell here but I don't see any success stories with transmit:

? - Direwolf for OSX : Supported for AX.25 packet radio only

? - Pat for OSX : Supported -
????? - ARDOP, PACTOR, and VARA support is in the mainline release
????? - AX.25 packet support: You will want to use the new AGW branch (not the mainline branch)

If so, is this process outlined some place? Or instructions?

Again, assuming you are going to do VHF/UHF AX.25 packet radio, you should start with the sound device (say Digirig) and Direwolf.? This is fully documented in the Direwolf User Guide.?? Once you have that setup working with your radio

--David
KI6ZHD

John,

I don't have a complete answer for you but perhaps you can extrapolate from my experience.

I have a DigiRig which I setup for an Icom IC-706MK2G (PTT = RTS) and I was able to connect to a VARA RMS on 40m and a Packet RMS on 2m with direwolf. This was of course a Windows laptop, not a Pi, so not using pat, but if your Mac can see the Serial Port and the USB PnP Sound Card in the DigiRig, I can't imagine why it would not work with pat.

Danny
K5CG

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Hello,

I'm new to direwolf and trying to setup a RMS gateway with direwolf and linbpq on a pi.

Ok... are you connecting LinBPQ to Direwolf's via pseudo serial interface (-p), tcpkiss, or AGW?? According to the BPQ config, you're using TCP-KISS.

? ?While I am waiting on a better radio to arrive (Yaesu FT-2980R) I am testing with a digirig and Baofeng F8HP

Just to warn you, testing with Baofeng radios can be very much hit or miss.? Read the archives in this list for all the issues many other people have hit.? Cabling, inconsistent cables, downright mixture of OK and bad radios, etc.? The list goes on!

I have another radio that talks just fine to another gateway here in my area, when I point it at mine, I see the traffic on the direwolf output, but no response is sent.

You mean another radio "setup"?? What TNC, callsign, and SSID is that setup using?

To better understand how this all fits.? ?Does direwolf send everything to linbpq and then linbpq says "thats for me, so respond" or should direwolf respond?

LinBPQ should respond, not Direwolf.

I have winlink on the other station set to my callsign.? kk7cxf and establish a session to my station with the -10 suffix.? ? Direwolf is set MYCALL KK7CXF-10.? ?I am pretty sure that's right.? ?Attached are both config files.

Direwolf should be configured to use it's own unique SSID as should LinBPQ.? Usually, enduser stations should be configured with the silent -0 (zero) SSID aka "KK7CXF".? So what I would recommend is to configure LinBPQ to use KK7CXF (no SSID given) and then configure Linpac to use say KK7CXF-8.? The specific number doesn't matter but it should NOT conflict with the Linpac callsign+ssid.? If you ever use NETROM connections, I would then recommend to use SSIDs from -11 to -15 either.

I see this in the direwolf output which I translate as KK7CXF saying hello, but direwolf never responds.

? KK7CXF audio level = 59(32/24)? ?[NONE]? ?|||||||__
? [0.3 18:11:20] KK7CXF>KK7CXF-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

? KK7CXF audio level = 58(32/23)? ?[NONE]? ?_||||||__
? [0.3 18:11:24] KK7CXF>KK7CXF-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

Your issue here is that Direwolf is configured for KK7CXF-10 but it doesn't have any internal Direwolf connected packet daemon to respond to the incoming packets.? Direwolf is a full blown APRS stack (aka connectionless packet) or it's a dumb TNC that forwards AX.25 payloads to some other program over pseudo-serial, TCP-KISS, or AGW connections.? Reconfigure Direwolf to be say -8 and reconfigure LinBPQ to be -10 and it should answer to those incoming packets.

I assume this is linbpq saying hello.

? KISS protocol set TXDELAY = 50 (*10mS units = 500 mS), port 0

? KISS protocol set Persistence = 160, port 0

? KISS protocol set SlotTime = 12 (*10mS units = 120 mS), port 0

? KISS protocol set TXtail = 3 (*10mS units = 30 mS), port 0

? KISS protocol set FullDuplex = 0, port 0

Yes.. this is Direwolf receiving incoming KISS parameters but a few thoughts:

?? - PACLEN is only 128 bytes which is rather small.? Consider changing this to 256 if you have a good, strong signal.
?? - TXDELAY of 500ms is way too long (even for a Baofeng radio) - set this to 250 and work your way down to maybe 200 to 150ms
?? - MAXFRAME of 4 is somewhat small if you have very good signals from your remote stations connecting to your BPQ instance
?? - PERSIST of 160 is too high; the common default is 63
?? - SLOTTIME of 120 is a bit too high; the common default is 100



--David
KI6ZHD

Hi friends,

A super high-level question for you that I can't seem to find the answer - this forum is the closest I've gotten so far.

Conceptually speaking, is it possible to use Pat and Direwolf in conjunction with Digirig, Mac and a KX3 to send/receive Winlink messages?

If so, is this process outlined some place? Or instructions?

Thanks for reading!

John W1OFS
Chicago, IL

I'm new to direwolf and trying to setup a RMS gateway with direwolf and linbpq on a pi.? ?While I am waiting on a better radio to arrive (Yaesu FT-2980R) I am testing with a digirig and Baofeng F8HP.
I have another radio that talks just fine to another gateway here in my area, when I point it at mine, I see the traffic on the direwolf output, but no response is sent.

To better understand how this all fits.? ?Does direwolf send everything to linbpq and then linbpq says "thats for me, so respond" or should direwolf respond?? ?I have winlink on the other station set to my callsign.? kk7cxf and establish a session to my station with the -10 suffix.? ? Direwolf is set MYCALL KK7CXF-10.? ?I am pretty sure that's right.? ?Attached are both config files.

I see this in the direwolf output which I translate as KK7CXF saying hello, but direwolf never responds.

? KK7CXF audio level = 59(32/24)? ?[NONE]? ?|||||||__
? [0.3 18:11:20] KK7CXF>KK7CXF-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

? KK7CXF audio level = 58(32/23)? ?[NONE]? ?_||||||__
? [0.3 18:11:24] KK7CXF>KK7CXF-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

I assume this is linbpq saying hello.

Hi,

There are indeed some Sabrent USB Sound Fob/Dongles that have a C-Media chip where GPIO3 (pin 13) can be used for PTT. However the specific Sabrent model that Fred linked to at Amazon is using an HS100B chip (also from C-Media).

The cheaper HS100 chips, while partially compatible with the CM108, CM109 and CM119 chips, lack the GPIO pins for PTT output.

I tend to buy the cheaper dongles that come without case and that look like the one in Danny's pictures. The PCB is always the same (on the ones I got from different sellers) but there are subtle differences on the printing. The name in the top left corner has been most often "HW-349" (with variations like the crystal being labeled either Y1 or OSC) and "SW-HF07 V3.1" but I have also seen "NC". Some pcb prints are missing labels next to the larger capacitors. Common on all those boards is the number 160222 next to U1..

I'll try to attach a picture of two of those CM108 fobs/dongles where I added the wires for the GPIO3 modification (PTT output). Ideally R6 (next to the Mic connector) should be removed as well but is still present in the picture (it adds a 3.3V DC component to the audio input which is never needed when used as radio adapter and in rare cases can be harmful).

The first wire on the Mic connector sleve pin is ground. The second wire feeds the GPIO 3 (pin13 of the CM108/A/B) to the anode of a 3mm red signal LED. The cathode of the led is connected via 220 Ohm resistor to the base of a general purpose NPN transistor (2N2222, 2SC1213 or BC337 depending on whether you are in America, Asia or Europe). Emitter of the transistor is connected to Ground and Collector of the transistor is the PTT to the radio. The advantage of this simple circuit is that you get a PTT indicator LED without extra effort.

73,
Thomas
KK6FPP

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Hi,

On Mon, Nov 21, 2022 at 05:00 AM, J K wrote:

I added "PTT /dev/ttyUSB0 RTS DTR” and that resolved the will not transmit issue. Thank you. However, the signal it is transmitting is not the "squawck" sound of an APRS signal but a hum. I will start a new topic for that. Thank you all for your help it is greatly appreciated.?

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Hi,

On Sun, Nov 20, 2022 at 03:30 PM, Fred Bouwman wrote:

Kenwood TM-281a r

David this is the device I am using with the Easy Digi.

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00IRVQ0F8/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&th=1