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I see these in my y str results, is this an indication the results are getting close my haplogroup still has yet to change

Preprint from the Reich lab. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.17.589597v1?

Our Project¡¯s recent experience illustrates how Y-STRs can be misleading in predicting the branch of a family to which a new participant belongs, even at the 700 marker level. The 18-year-old Acree DNA Project that I administer tested in its early years at Ancestry.com, but now tests at FTDNA and YSEQ. We were fortunate to discover during our first year that the ancestor of most Acrees was William Acree (c1710-c1767) of Hanover Co., Virginia, and that his descendants (61 of us currently in the Project) possess the rare, distinguishing microallele 13.2 at DYS385b. With the advent of Big-Y testing, we found that we also possess the slightly more widespread Y-SNP A2156, and that descendants of William¡¯s son John uniquely possess the distinguishing Y-SNP A2155. FTDNA¡¯s Y-STR matching of our latest Project participant, a descendant of William¡¯s son William Jr., at the 111-marker level, shows incorrectly that his first four matches are not with other descendants of William Jr., but rather with descendants of John (including me), at a genetic distance of 3 steps His first match with a descendant of William Jr .is shown fifth, with a GD of 4. His other matches, including non-Acrees, show GDs of 5-8 steps. A known Acree fourth cousin once-removed of his (also a descendant of William Jr.), who appears among his autosomal (Family Finder) matches, comes in tenth on the list, with a GD of 8. The Big-Y¡¯s 700-marker comparisons are also misleading: He has 4 differences with me and 7 with this fourth cousin. That¡¯s certainly a misleading performance for Y-STRs. Fortunately, the Big-Y Block Tree (not the Big-Y match list) correctly groups our newcomer among William Jr.¡¯s descendants, clearly apart from John¡¯s descendants. This experience testifies once again to a consistently dependable performance for hierarchical Y-SNPs, in contrast to ambiguous Y-STR strings.

Hey Everyone, I'm stuck at FGC17460 (downstream from FGC3861 and FGC17465) waiting for some more informative subclades. Based on Iain's information it seems likely my ancestors migrated out of Germany towards the North Sea coast. My theory is that they then traveled west through Belgium and perhaps into Normandy. I base this on a FGC17465 Merovingian burial at Koksijde, Belgium and the Norman families de Havilland, Verdun and Battaglia who are in another branch of FGC17460. Perhaps I'm assuming too much, but it's all I got until some downstream subclades are discovered. To the point, a recent DNA study found a significant amount of "IA French" DNA in England and I'm wondering what that could mean. Franks, Normans, Belgae? There's a wealth of knowledge here and I'd appreciate some more learned opinions on the subject. Thanks, Shane

An interesting point of view that could apply to multiple areas Physicist Studying SARS-CoV-2 Virus Believes He Has Found Hints We Are Living In A Simulation Studying the evolution of the virus, he found signs that the information entropy decreased over time. Read in IFLScience: https://apple.news/AoAC98IldT-Kk9ZKO8QNAEw Dan

Hi, all! In follow up to my question about determining the location of a SNP on the Y chromosome, I've been poking around Y Browse (thank you, again, for pointing me to this). My question now is - if a SNP is close to the centromere or close to the end of the Y chromosome, how do I know if it's technically considered to be at the centromere or the telomere? Are the telomeres delineated by exact location? Or is it more vaguely defined as being in the general area? For example, SNP BY26754 below is close to the end, but is that technically the telomere? And SNP BY26110 is close to the centromere - is it technically considered to be at the centromere? Thank you! Mary

FYI: Update from 23andMe DNA: Anyone with files from this company can once again download their DNA with NEW instructions. https://mytrueancestry.com/en/23Upload.html Dan D.

Hello, I have been wondering if anyone here could help me in terms of understanding exactly how my clade ended up in Ireland. My terminal clade is R-FT239204, a downstream clade to R-FGC12988 which from my understanding descended from the same clade belonging to the Sinclair and Kincaids, though, not by descent of them. My family is from South-West Ireland (Tralee), and clearly possess a non-Gaelic most likely English surname despite being Roman Catholic in origin. I would assume the clade migrated into Ireland around the late 1700s, and from what I can gather around Cornwall. If anyone could provide additional insight or if anyone could confirm that which I have said, that would be wonderful. I have no close matches on FTDNA unfortunately, in terms of providing insightful information as to the migration of my clade.

Ukraine may have been first part of Europe colonised by early humans | New Scientist https://www.newscientist.com/article/2420679-ukraine-may-have-been-first-part-of-europe-colonised-by-early-humans/ Ukraine may have been first part of Europe colonised by early humansKorolevo, a site in Ukraine where early humans made stone tools, has been dated to 1.4 million years ago, suggesting early humans moved from Ukraine into the rest of Europe Korolevo quarry in Ukraine, one of the oldest hominin sites in Europe Roman Garba Molecular dating has revealed that an area in Ukraine was occupied by humans 1.4 million years ago, making it one of the oldest hominin sites in Europe and possibly the oldest. The site, at Korolevo in western Ukraine, has been studied since the 1970s. A large number of stone tools have been found buried in layers of sediment beside an outcrop of volcanic rock suitable to be made into tools. ¡°This was like a magnet for bringing the people there, and they were camping nearby,¡± saysRoman Garba at the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague. No bones have been found as the soil is too acidic to preserve them, he says, but it is assumed that the hominins were Homo erectus, a species that evolved around 2 million years ago and spread from Africa to Europe and Asia. While it has been clear that early hominins were present at the Korolevo site repeatedly over hundreds of thousands of years, we haven¡¯t known exactly when they were present. But Garba¡¯s team has now dated the oldest layer containing tools to 1.4 million years ago, using a technique called cosmogenic nuclide dating. This method relies on cosmic rays that are so energetic that they can split the nuclei of atoms and generate unusual isotopes. However, these isotopes form only on exposed areas, as these cosmic rays don¡¯t penetrate far into solid objects. Once objects are buried, radioactive isotopes generated by cosmic rays decay into other isotopes, allowing the time of burial to be determined. Another early hominin site in Dmanisi in Georgia has been dated to 1.7 million years ago, while other sites in France and Spain are around 1.2 million years old. This suggests that early humansmoved from Africa through Georgia and into Ukraine, then west into the rest of Europe, says Garba, though it is also possible that some crossed the Bosphorus Strait in Turkey. It has been suggested that some hominins crossed the Gibraltar Strait to reach Spain when sea levels were lower than present, then moved east into the rest of Europe, but there is no evidence to support this, says Garba. While part of Georgia is in Europe geographically and the whole country is seen as part of Europe politically, the site of Dmanisi is geographically located in Asia, says Garba. So he and his team regard Korolevo as the oldest human site in Europe that has been reliably dated. ¡°Korolevo represents, to our knowledge, the earliest securely dated hominin presence in Europe,¡± the paper states. ¡°I agree that the new age estimates are important, and they support the idea of an early east-west dispersal,¡± saysChris Stringer at the Natural History Museum in London. But this was already apparent because four other sites in western Europehave already been dated to around 1.4 million years ago, he says. Garba says that while it is possible that these other sites are as old,the dating of them is questionable. ¡°We can't be as sure about them,¡± he says. ¡°They are not secure or not robust.¡± ¡°I respectfully disagree,¡± says Stringer. Dan

The Big Tree (https://www.ytree.net/DisplayTree.php?blockID=3047) has the R-U106 branch that my Kincaid are part of (R-A321) as being separated from its parent snp R-FGC12993 by 18 mutations or 1494 years (18x83 years per snp) which takes us back 2000 years since Kincaids only emerge in records in Scotland in 1425 CE. Ftdna has R-A321 breaking off from R-FGC12993 about 311 CE and R-FGC12993 in turn breaking off from R-S5245 about 86 CE. R-FGC12993's brother clades R-S5627 (Sinclair, Cummings, Hepner, Ruff, Rechel, Foote, Sutherland), R-Y8604 (Pavlovich, Pearce, Locke, Bledsoe, Wildey, Lassiter, Wookey, Sprouse/Prowse, Winzenburg, Knight, Stewart, and Prince), R-A7946 (Ward, Becker, Derkman), and R-BY190868 (Rosen, Carpenter) ftdna has all breaking off from R-S5245 at the same time - about 86 CE. Sub R-FGC12993 we have R-F22233 (Coles, Carlill, Smith, Johnson, Parsons) breaking off from R-FGC12993 around 311 CE and R-FGC12988 (Phelps, Foisset-a n.p.e., Wheadon, Dean, Skinner, Frenckinck, and Schw?n) at the same time. Notice that all these parallel branches have more than one surname associated with it. Kincaids have no other surname associated with it and seem to have a 1400 year gap in its history. The reason for this post is to get other thoughts on this gap and a possible explanation - in particular Dr. Iain McDonald's. First of all, I assume that the gap and lack of other associated surnames suggest isolation. Is this a valid assumption? If indeed isolation I should point out that old local histories have pointed out that the part of Campsie parish in Stirlingshire, Scotland that the Kincaid lands (which all of R-A321 Kincaids took their name from) was considered off the beaten track. These lands were held by the Earl of Lennox and his Lennox predecessors for 200 years before the Earl of Lennox was executed and forfeit for treason in 1424 CE. This is the year before Kincaids emerge. So either the Kincaids either emerged because they, as former vassals to the Earl of Lennox, now became tenants to the king or because the king granted them to the Kincaids (who lived elsewhere) some of the forfeited lands. However, wouldn't the fact that there is no trace of them elsewhere dna wise negate the latter case? Wouldn't isolation suggest more a case of being elevated in status due to the 1424 forfeiture of the earl of Lennox? If so, there is a possible explanation supported by local history and an ancient DNA; namely VK389 from Skein, Telemark, Norway. VK389 was a 10th century Viking of the above noted haplogroup R-Y8604. Skein, Norway was very much an isolated place with a small population. VK389's branch would have broken off from R-S5245 around the same time as Kincaids (86 CE) and logically it would have been in Norway. Viking expansion could account for all the sub R-S5245 families in Germany, Netherlands, Ukraine, England, Ireland and Scotland. Now the Kincaid lands are at the junction of the Glazert river and the Kelvin river about 7 miles upriver from the Kelvin river's mouth on the Clyde River opposite Govan. Govan was the administrative center after nearby Dumbarton castle was captured from the British Alt Clut kings in 870 CE by Amla¨ªb a king of the Lochlan (Norway) and his apparent brother ?mar. The Govan church is famous for its Viking hogbacks. The historian Alfred Smyth identifies Amla¨ªb as Olaf Geirstad-Alf of Vestfold. Vestfold is adjacent to Skein, Telemark and the later was probably subject to the Vestfold kings. It is interesting to note that just after the siege of Dumbarton, Amla¨ªb had to return to Norway to aid his father. There was a dynastic struggle there and Harald Fairhair emerged as king of all Norway - with Amla¨ªb and his father being slain during the process. ?mar and his followers, like many other Norweigan chieftans who opposed Harald Fairhair at the time, had to make their way now in Scotland and Dublin - eventually being assimilated with the local populations. The Kincaid patriarch, perhaps a chieftan supporter of Amla¨ªb and ?mar and whose ancestors were isolated in the remote Skein area of No

Found on the U106 Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/114790035253185/?multi_permalinks=7368631513202298?if_id=1711017087529478?if_t=group_activity&ref=notif He is specifically looking for the Scottish Noble families, but I believe is expanding it to the whole of the United Kingdom. Ray

Been meaning to do it a while now and a cousin had a story of someone breaking a Brick wall with a slight variation of a surname change. Only 3 weeks last upgrade can't wait for the results even if it just confirms haplogroup better than m269. Jason

Ancient human DNA recovered from a Palaeolithic pendant | Nature Article Open access Published: 03 May 2023 Here we report the development of a non-destructive method for the gradual release of DNA trapped in ancient bone and tooth artefacts. Application of the method to an Upper Palaeolithic deer tooth pendant from Denisova Cave, Russia, resulted in the recovery of ancient human and deer mitochondrial genomes, which allowed us to estimate the age of the pendant at approximately 19,000¨C25,000 years.

https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/19/style/roman-statue-parking-lot-intl-scn-scli/index.html

Prehistoric humans may have created a utopia. Read in IFLScience: https://apple.news/AwozAaz1gRzaXZXKFIcjhuA Dan D.

A sad discovery. At the same time, a wealth of DNA extraction possibilities, should funding be made available. These are all likely locals and it would be interesting to see an analysis of Y-DNA haplogroup breakdown and also autosomal DNA testing results on this select group. https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/06/europe/mass-grave-nuremberg-germany-scli-intl-scn/index.html Dan D Dan

Piero, I see you have stumbled upon my article on migrations. I hope it's not too out of date by now. Cheers, Roy