Wayland is a new display server that is being promoted by Ubuntu and RedHat. It is a complete replacement for X, but will apparently provide backwards compatibility by starting a one-off X instance if an application needs X.
I don't have any bias towards Wayland since I run Slackware, which uses Xorg.
Elwood,have you any thoughts on Wayland and its effect on XEphem? I imagine you would not be looking forward to dealing with it.