The CTL was one of several easy to make devices promoted by Villard as an external paid " Consultant" to the Voice of America to increase their audience numbers. So that's why these constructional projects feature consumer domestic radio's.
The CTL antenna has died a death as did the CFA, it has no magic new secrets, it's nulls are ill defined but? mostly much worse than a conventional loop if the given plots are anything to go by.
The CTL is a small inductively loaded loop resonated with a capacitor and loaded with a resistor. The outer loop is the major element.? Output comes from the inner loop which can also be resonated. Resonating the inner loop increases the signal amplitude by the working Q? value to couple into the high impedance broadcast radio.
Very surprising that QST published an article about broadcast reception in a Ham Radio journal where almost every reader would be very well able to receive extremely strong broadcast signals. The article contains so many misleading remarks, it is the exact opposite of good technical writing, it uses verbose pseudo terms and takes 6 + sides when two would be sufficient.
The Beverage Second Antenna ( r loaded Cardioid Loop) is ground independent but the modern versions use a ground with a vertical loop. This gives a higher e-field contribution. An extension of this idea is to use reactive as well as resistive termination to allow steerable sky wave nulling.
Interesting to note that the original Beverage in it's normal form is a resistively loaded vertical loop with the ground as a return path. It is desirable NOT to use the ground return for several reasons but that's another topic.
I am saddened that some people think the CTL is a wonder antenna capable of? further development, it is nothing of the kind. They have been misdirected by a bad article.
Regards,
Alan G8LCO.
