Unfortunately, nothing has worked yet. I still don't believe it's RFI because the machine I'm using had Windows installed previously, and Direwolf worked fine on it. I haven't moved the rig, antenna, or coax at all since. Maybe the interface I've got doesn't play nicely with Linux? It's a simple FTDI interface though, so it should work.
I should note that, when trying to transmit, Direwolf displays "Audio output data underrun."