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Hello Michael,

Everything seems to be working, however, I am unable to establish a connection with my local Remote Message Server.

Ok.

[0L] KC2EHR>K2DLL-10:(SABM cmd, p=1)

This is your KC2EHR system making an outgoing connection request to K2DLL-10.? That's good.

?K2DLL-10 audio level = 96(13/8)? ?[NONE]? ?____|||__

[0.5] K2DLL-10>KC2EHR:(I cmd, n(s)=0, n(r)=0, p=0, pid=0xf0)[WL2K-5.0-B2FWIHJM$]<0x0d>

This is K2DLL-10 responding to your connection request to data but you're missing some previous packets acknowledging the initial connection.? Also notice the "96" in the signal level here.? That's too high.? You need to lower your RX audio to show levels around 50.? This is critically important.? Equally as important, you will also need to ensure your transmitted level is right as well.? I recommend to read which can give you a few ways to help tune your transmit levels.

K2DLL-10 audio level = 59(11/7)? ?[NONE]? ?___|||||_

[0.5] K2DLL-10>KC2EHR:(I cmd, n(s)=1, n(r)=0, p=0, pid=0xf0);PQ: 12009205<0x0d>

?

K2DLL-10 audio level = 102(23/13)? ?[NONE]? ?____|||__

[0.5] K2DLL-10>KC2EHR:(I cmd, n(s)=2, n(r)=0, p=0, pid=0xf0)CMS via K2DLL ><0x0d>

These are other packets coming from the remote station.

?

K2DLL-10 audio level = 127(13/9)? ?[NONE]? ?____|||__

Audio input level is too high.? Reduce so most stations are around 50.

[0.5] K2DLL-10>KC2EHR:(DM res, f=0)

[0L] KC2EHR>K2DLL-10:(DISC cmd, p=1)

It's strange that we don't see your system sending retries for the initial connection.? In another Linux terminal window, you can run "sudo listen -a" and see similar AX.25 packet frames to confirm what the Linux stack is seeing.

1) Am I correct in that the Direwolf lines that start with "K2DLL-10>KC2EHR" is the RMS server responding to my radio's request to establish a connection?

Yes..

2) Is there some reference someone can point me to that describes the command structure of these interactions so I can try to figure out what is going wrong?

There is a lot of technical docs out there but here are two:

?? - Simple summary:
?? - The standard itself:

I am using a very humble hardware setup: Baofeng uv-5r + Raspberry Pi 4 + home made PTT relay circuit + USB sound card dongle.? Since I just built the Pi from scratch over the past 5 days, I am pretty sure I am using the latest versions of everything.

Some Baofeng radios are notoriously unreliable on packet though they can be ok for voice communications.? Some people chalk these up to poor radio quality control from Baofeng but whatever the reason, you might forever have issues with your specific radio.? Some people have reported that they had to go though several Baofeng radios until they found one that would wort reliably.? It's *highly* recommended to use better quality radios as you'll save yourself tearing your hair out.?

The other things to consider:
?? - Depending on how close the remote station is, 5w from an HT might not be enough
?? - When trying to make a connection, the antenna is critically important.? If at all possible, get the antenna out side and ideally as high as possible
?? - The stock Baofeng antennas are usually pretty terrible.? If you're operating from home, you should ideally be use a high gain base station antenna using low loss coax.? If your intention is to always operate "portable", buy a better 3rd party antenna for your HT and locate your HT as high up as possible (be away from structures and buildings)


--David