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[Edited Message Follows]

"First, we filter out samples with country/haplogroup combinations that don’t make sense for Pre-Columbian travel. For example, Eurasian haplogroup R1b should not be in the United States, nor should Native American haplogroup Q-M3 be in Europe."

I really wish someone would seriously challenge the notion that there's absolutely no R1b inherent in native North Americans.? R1b-M269 is estimated to be approximately 19,000 years old (circa 17,000 BCE), branching off from R1-M173 just after the last glacial maximum period, during which the Bering Land Bridge was still traverse-able.

noticed that the ancient MA-1 specimen (upper paleolithic Mal'ta–Buret' culture from Siberia, the so-called Mal'ta Boy) shares ancestry with both Eurasians and Native North Americans, and is dated to approximately 24,000 ybp. I recall that a genetic genealogist on the old DNA-Forums.org site had investigated the Y-chromosome data for MA-1, and found that he may have branched off at an intermediate SNP within the R1-M173 block.

Consequently I hold onto the hypothesis that some Native North Americans may have branched off between R1-M173 (circa 20,000 BCE) and R1b-P297 (circa 12,000 BCE).

Best regards,

Vince T.