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Dale, FamilyFinder is very good for finding and contacting relatives with a common ancestor in the last 4 or 5 generations - on any of your ancestral lines. Sometimes it is difficult to figure out what family is actually the connection. If they say they are Latham, they should have some line back at least a few generations. And you know you connect somewhere back there (probably). You could construct a tree. Some will have traced back farther than others. You could coordinate that information and see how far back that tree goes. They will be interested in what this group has found. Unfortunately, there is a thousand years between their lists of names, and our group, which has no names for individual ancestors. But your yDNA matches will probably have more information. Use the “TIP” Scores to estimate about how far back you are related (I have found the 90% level to be a fair estimate of the most recent common ancestor, plus/minus a generation or two.) The U106 website https://www.familytreedna.com/public/U106?iframe=ycolorized (page 7) puts you in the BY11971 group, which includes someone (Kenny) who says he is descended from Alexander Latham (1757-1830 Ashe Co NC) But you probably connect several generations before that. I am in the list just above that, BY16315 (Isaac Liptrap) The TIP score between us, at 90%, estimates a connection around the 12th to 14th generation back – around 1500. Curiously, Kenny Latham is among my matches, but the estimate is around the 18th generation – around 1400. Both dates are before Parish Registers, so we may never have a name to put to a common ancestor. But yes, contact both your yDNA matches and your Family Finder matches. And share the information you have. Jim Liptrap

Hi Dale, It is known to me that our Surname, Lathrem is derived from Latham. I have asked my son to forward to me copies of genealogy information on the Lathrem family. Coincidentally, I just went through some photos of memorials with the Lathrem name, and others, that were taken by my father from a cemetery, I believe, in Kentucky where my grandfather, Samuel Franklin Lathrem was born. I am not listing the wives names on the tombstones in that they are not in the paternal DNA through which we may be linked. The first photo $173 includes Samuel, and my mother Alice Cleora Schell Lathrem, who were, as you can see, very much alive at the time. The other individuals in the photo may, or may not, be Lathrems. I have no information with the photo. The second photo #174, is of Noah Abrams who passed in 1953, and which does not ring a bell with me, but must have some significance in that it was included with the other photos. The third photo #175, Is of David Lathrem, who passed in 1970,again I don't know the relationship, if any. The fourth photo #1766, is of Burton Lathrem who, apparently, was not deceased by the time the photo was taken. No information there as well. The Fifth Photo #177 is of Ambrose T. Lathrem, who passed in 1924 and is my great-grandfather. The Sixth Photo #178 is of, Mallie Lathrem, who passed in 1939 and is also unknown to me. The seventh Photo #179 may be a means of giving an orientation to where the vareious monuments may be located. The eighth photo may be helpful in determining the name of the cemetary and includes Samuel, Alice, a second lady whom I don't recognize, and my father Charles Ira Lathrem. Chis, You asked for my most distant relative and I have some going back well before my grandfather who was Samuel Franklin Lathrem, born in 1882 in Kentucky. He and my father had a business laying concrete streets, curb, gutters, catch basins, etc around Dayton, Ohio. Sam built several of his homes and my father Charles Ira Lathrem took over the business, CI & SF Lathrem Contractors, in the 1960s, as I recall, but my brother Charles Alan Lathrem would know exactly I think. Alan was my only Sibling that lived beyond a short time after birth as was the fate of my oldest sibling Samuel Franklin Lathrem II. I am including some information that I sent to Chris Noble and Cynthia M. Sexton who are working on the DNA materials and individuals who may be related to determine relationships. That follows: "My brother Charles Alan goes by his middle name as you can see from the address above. Alan provided me with a great deal of historical information that I have had difficulty laying my hands on. We moved two years ago and some things are still somewhere that remains to be determined. So, I will ask that he provide that to me again so that we can get more information to you on the tree going back through Samuel, the elder. It does get confusing in that I have a son named Samuel Douglas Lathrem and a grandson Samuel Douglas Lathrem. I also have a son named Brian Scott Lathrem as well as four other grandchildren. But, these folks are not in your big picture. I furnish them in the interest of avoiding future confusion, especially regarding the name Samuel." I now have information on my grandfather that I did not have when I first responded to Cynthia and Chris. I'm sending this along to them for their information and in the event that they may want to be in contact with you, if they have not already connected. Good luck in your search. Douglas W. Lathrem

I am new to dna testing and manage the tests taken by my uncle Kenny Latham. I just got around to looking at the family finder (autosomal?) test results for him and was surprised to find the people listed of the attached screen print who have a distant family relationship AND who also have identified the name Latham as an ancestor. Have most of you had the same experience? Is it useful for me to contact each one and compare our known family trees to search for a common Latham ancestor? Should I encourage them to take the more advanced tests? Thx Dale Latham Dale 503 754-8424

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Tree Yahoogroup June 2018.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Tree for S6881 group You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Tree%20Yahoogroup%20June%202018.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Hi everyone! We haven't had an updated S6881 tree for quite some time now. Ours has always been based on the U106 group's tree but since they won't be producing a new analysis for a while I decided to see what I could come up with. Using the data from the BigY matches on FTDNA, the old U106 tree and Alex Williamson's Big Tree I've come up with what I believe to be pretty close to our current state. I've even found a few of you some new matches! I've brought these new matches to the attention of the admins in the U106 group and we're going to wait a bit to see if FTDNA catches up with us and adjusts your haplogroup. But some of you have already had your position adjusted in the U106 group STR spreadsheet and are now placed with your new match. Some others of you are going to have to wait for FTDNA. I've uploaded a copy of the tree I came up with to our Files section and anyone who wants to can check it out. A little bit of an explanation though - the tree is quite a bit larger now than it used to be, but that is good. It means we have a lot more testers and more matches. Not everyone on this tree belongs to our S6881 group or even our U106 group. But they have turned up as matches in BigY. I've also used some Y Elite testers in our tree to help you find where you sit with those around you. If you've only tested individual SNPs or SNP packs you'll have to look on the tree for someone who has a haplogroup near, or the same, as yours to see where you would be. This Excel spreadsheet has the tester's name at the top of the column and their last matched SNP at the bottom of the column in red. In most cases this will match your FTDNA haplogroup but for some we'll have to wait for them to update yours. You'll see all the SNPs our group shares in historical order starting with U106 at the top on down to the newer SNPs and where we branch off from each other. Some of the groups of SNPs will have a bold box around them. This marks a block of SNPs where we don't know exactly what order they come in as everyone in that group has tested positive for them to this point in time. Every now and then someone comes along who tests negative for some, but not all, of the SNPs in the block and the block gets broken. We're lucky and have had a block broken for us recently. The more people who test, the more blocks will get broken. If your name is in red at the top of the sheet it means that your updated Hg38 data hasn't been uploaded to the Big Tree yet. New SNPs have been found in this data so we would love to have everyone who tested BigY before last fall to upload their data so it can be analyzed for possible new SNPs. The BigY data that came out from this last fall on to today is already in the Hg38 version but we have some of these new testers who haven't uploaded that data either. I'll try to email people and see if they'll be willing to share their data. If you want help with the process of locating your data and uploading it to the Big Tree please contact me. I've helped upload data for quite a few people. I've also included in the tree the last aging data we had from Iain (far right column). It's from December 2017 so it's a little old now. New SNP matches won't have been aged by Iain yet as he is still working on a new process. But I thought you might like it there for reference. Let me know if you have any questions and I hope you find it useful. Chris

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Proposed Tree Apr 2018.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Updated tree You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Proposed%20Tree%20Apr%202018.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

The admins are finally starting to work on Alex Williamson's Big Tree for the U106 group. People with BigY results from the old version (hg19) were uploaded to the tree a long time ago but only roughly placed. In other words, S6881 wasn't broken out into all its downstream branches. That has been fixed now and because some people have uploaded their hg38 version of their vcf file to the Data Warehouse there are now more branches than there used to be. If you want your new version looked at and new SNPs possibly found please make sure to upload that file to the Data Warehouse so not only Alex can work with it but also Iain. If we don't get all of our updated files loaded then there will be fewer people to use for the SNP dating that Iain does for us. If anyone has questions on how to do this let me know and I'll help. I will say this, the best way to do it is as a link to your FTDNA data and not as a physical upload of your file. I tried it that way and there are so many people uploading now that the file never loaded. This is pretty exciting news and even if you don't have a BigY file yet to add to the tree you should check out how our part of the tree looks (search for S6881 to find our piece). Any of the newer holiday testers will have the hg38 version and won't have an older version of their data. If you see people on the tree with their kit # on there twice it means that Alex has both the old and new version. Make sure he gets your newer one if you tested before this winter. Please check it out. http://www.ytree.net/DisplayTree.php?blockID=1147 Chris

Okay, guys. I don't know if you noticed on the U106 board but Iain is asking for us to upload our updated VCF files from our BigY tests to the new Data Warehouse they have put together. This is only for people who have taken the BigY and received their results. I know some people just bought tests at the sale and don't have results yet and some people have only done STR testing or SNP Pack tests. So we're really talking about all of us who have had our BigY results back for a while and have now been updated to the new reference sequence (hg38 from Hg19). I have put together step by step directions of how to do this (with pictures too!) and it shouldn't be too difficult. I will add it to the Files section of our group. But if you find it is confusing or too technical reach out to me for help. We need all of our information back on the new U106 spreadsheet so Iain and the other U106 admins can continue their wonderful work for us. This means you might need to help your closest match so they make sure to get their data out there too. We will also have an added benefit that in time we will show correctly on Alex Williamson's Big Y Tree (used mostly now for the P312 groups) and those P312 groups will get the advantage of Iain's time estimations. We are brother clades and at one time shared a common ancestor so they are just taking the best pieces from each group and putting them all together. Let me know of any questions or concerns and I hope we can still be one of the largest subclades on the spreadsheet. Thanks. Chris

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /Y-DNA Data Warehouse Submission.docx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : How to upload your data You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/Y-DNA%20Data%20Warehouse%20Submission.docx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Okay, I looked at his STR results against a bunch of people who are at S6881 and beyond. 594187 is pretty far off-modal on some of the STRs making me think he's probably not what you want him to be. For our best bet to tell if he's S6881 you'd have to test out to 67 STRs but he's already so far away from you that I can't see that he is closely related to you at all (looks like he's probably 15 GD at 37 STRs from you). Depending on what you want to do with his kit the cheap way would be to just test S6881. I think he's going to be negative (but I'm just guessing). You would have no idea what he is then without further testing but I don't know if you really care if he isn't in your group. It's certainly up to you but it looks like a shot in the dark to me. Chris

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Yahoo Group 100517.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : New BigY result, updated dates You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Yahoo%20Group%20100517.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Tree Yahoogroup 100517.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : New BigY result, updated dates You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Tree%20Yahoogroup%20100517.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Tree Yahoogroup 070917.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Updated with new colors from Y-DNA results page, U106 group You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Tree%20Yahoogroup%20070917.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Tree Yahoogroup 081117.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Updated file to include Z8 SNP pack testers You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Tree%20Yahoogroup%20081117.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Chris, Hi. I know I have been absent for so so long. There are reasons and we can talk more offline. So, my focus is back on the endless search. I have a question... Where does one go to learn of the significance of a specific marker that has a mutation within a family line? Any ideas, might you already know? I have been searching and did. It find a thing. How are you? Cynthia

Hello, everyone, The community chorus in which I sing has a concert tour to Ireland this month. So I planned a few days in England to work on genealogy, primarily in county record offices. But if anyone would be nearby and interested in meeting for dinner, I love to meet my relatives. Wednesday early morning, I arrive in Heathrow and proceed as quickly as I can to Hertford to look for something on another family line. After they close, I’ll take the train back to King’s Cross to transfer to Marylebone for a train out to Aylesbury, where I have a hotel reserved. But I will have a little time for dinner along the way, if someone is near there. Thursday I spend at the Buckinghamshire Archives, and then head by train to Lancashire County, probably to the archives in Preston on Friday, unless someone knows of a good library or other place I should look instead. I will spend Friday night in that area, or possibly Manchester, and take the train back to London Saturday morning, as I have a 2:00 flight from Heathrow to Shannon. If anyone is near that part of London on Wednesday night, Aylesbury Thursday, or Lancashire on Friday evenings. Let me take you to dinner. I will have a FTDNA testing kit with me, hoping to find a male Liptrot willing to be tested to see if he fits in this group. Does anyone know a Liptrot – male – with reasonable expectation of a “clean” genealogical descent from the Lancashire Liptrots and “Mr. S6881”? Thank you Jim Liptrap Houston, Texas, USA

I have updated both the Tree Structure and the S6881 Group files to include the most recent of Iain's date predictions for subclades. There have been no new BigY tests in a while so nothing else changed on the files but the dates. Thanks. Chris

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Yahoo Group 051617.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Updated subclade dates You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Yahoo%20Group%20051617.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

Hello, This email message is a notification to let you know that a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the R1b-S6881 group. File : /S6881 Tree Yahoogroup 051617.xlsx Uploaded by : cerri37 <avalea3@...> Description : Updated subclade dates You can access this file at the URL: https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/R1b-S6881/files/S6881%20Tree%20Yahoogroup%20051617.xlsx To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit: https://help.yahoo.com/kb/index?page=content&y=PROD_GRPS&locale=en_US&id=SLN15398 Regards, cerri37 <avalea3@...>

25 April 2017 Dear Charles and Iain, Genomic Data & Longobard History Lecture by Professor Patrick J Geary 24 April 2017: Birmingham University UK. I attended this lecture and had a discussion with Professor Geary. I report a summary limited to issues relevant to Yahoo Group Y-DNA R1b1c – U.106 interests. Professor Geary told me that he is not willing to make his lecture slides available to us since the project results described in his lecture are only preliminary, have not yet been published in a peer review journal, and the subject matter is controversial. In response to Dr Iain McDonald's questions that I put to Professor Geary in writing he told me that this project has not carried out Y-DNA testing or sequencing. They have carried out non-recombinant nuclear DNA testing which he said provides vastly more data (100 times more) beyond Haplotypes to deep relationships, and which until recently was vastly more expensive. Professor Geary of Princeton University, USA is a Visiting Professor at Birmingham University, UK. The Genomic Data & Longobard History project is an international multi-disciplinary project headed by Professor Geary. The lecture reported an overview of the project methodology and preliminary findings from 2 reputed Longobard cemeteries: one at Szólád in Hungary and the other at Collegno in Italy. The DNA for assessment was extracted from skull petrous bones (a total of 55). Preliminary analysis has been done of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) plots against POPRES (The Population Reference Sample) modern sample referencing. Quantitative analysis has been carried out for kinship for both cemeteries. Professor Geary described how the archaeologists found that both cemeteries had matching layouts. In both there was a Northern tight genetic group section containing apparently high status men with weapons and women with jewellery (many brooches). There was a second intermediate section where some of the men were buried with weapons, and some of the women with jewellery. The South section in both cemeteries had burials with no such grave goods (other that for 2 women) and were not biologically related to the other groups. At Szólád in Hungary kinship was established in the Northern group between one old man, 2 sons, and 4 grandchildren (one a grand-daughter: No.8). Professor Geary said that there was no correspondence between the Collegno Italian groups and the Szólád Hungarian groups. No discernible genetic pattern could be found. Professor Geary said that any further comment on the results would be speculative. In answer to questions after the lecture Professor Geary said that isotopic investigations including carbon and strontium showed that the Italian burials had adopted an italian diet. None of the Szólád adults were native to Szólád. The children were born and died there. The adult males have the same strontium profile. The women have more variety. The Collegno results are being done now but not back yet. The ancient DNA tallies with radiocarbon dating as 6th century. Dental evidence has been valuable. There is no reason to assume that either cemetery is “typical” Longobard cemetery. The higher proportion of weapons is unusual. More work is needed on other cemeteries in Pannonia or Italy. At Collegno some of the graves have 4 post holes, but not the Southern graves. As seen in Pannonia some of the graves are 6 metres deep. One issue is whether these graves differ from other contemporary local graves. It will be difficult to obtain funding or justify this investigation. In answer to another question Professor Geary said that the next steps will depend on funding. A request has gone to the Hungarian Government for access to petrous bones. It is hoped to investigate a site at Hegyk? near Sopron and Lake Fert?. Professo Geary said that the only other comparable data comes from Anglo-Saxon graves in England which correlates with these Northern group graves. He said that he does not know what this means. Professor Geary said that the graves in these 2 cemeteries may not be 'Lombards'. New ways may be need