Re: Fenbendazole
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Rahel, You are falling into the trap of thinking all omega-6s are bad!? They are crucial in the oxygen transport in the mitochondria--not omega-3. If you study Budwig's works, she is equally bullish on the omega-6, linoleic acid along with the omega-3, linolenic acid! In fact they both work synergistically. The bad omega-6s are the ones processed by the food industry to lengthen storage life. They are the ones that are hydrogenated by industry and they will NOT easily allow for oxygen transport once incorporated into the mitochondrial membrane. I would like to also stress here that there is a very
good reason why the inner membrane of the Mitochondria has very little
of the triple bond Omega-3 Linolenic acid in it as compared to the
double-bonded Omega-6 Linoleic acid. From reading much of Dr. Budwig's
writings, she seemed to think the triple bond of Linolenic acid was even
more important in oxygen uptake than the double-bonded Linoleic acid,
though she knew both were extremely important. This is really quite
wrong! If you study biology, you know that the Goldilocks Principle is
very evident throughout. There are certain conditions that are most
hospitable for life. Too much of something or too little of something
will have disastrous effects on a healthy organism. This principle
applies to the PUFAs as well. The more complex the bonds of the PUFAs,
the more reactive they are to oxygen and the more likely they oxidize
becoming rancid. The Omega-6 Linoleic acid with its two double-bonds has
just enough attraction for oxygen where its electrons can latch onto
oxygen in the mitochondria's inner-membrane and act as a reversible
carrier. The omega-3, triple-bonded Linolenic acid would prove too
reactive for this task as would even the higher 5 & 6 double-bonds
seen in fish oil's EPA and DHA which is why we see neither in any
substantial volumes in the mitochondria!? In commercial retail, fish oil
and flax oil are a lot more likely to go rancid than the Omega-6
Linoleic acid oils. Same is true in the mitochondria. Just the right
oxygen reactivity is all important with this task of carrying oxygen
from outside the mitochondria membrane to the inner structure where it
can produce ATP. If the Omega-3 Linolenic acid was the prime PUFA in the
mitochondria, it would be more likely to suffer rancidity on contact
with oxygen resulting in no reversible qualities which are so needed for
oxygen uptake and diffusion. There would be irreversibly
auto-oxidization when reversibility is a must. Chem Phys Lipids. 2015 Apr;187:50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.02.004. Epub 2015 Feb 26. Cardiolipin linoleic acid content and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity are associated in rat skeletal muscle.
AbstractCardiolipin (CL) is an inner-mitochondrial membrane phospholipid that is important for optimal mitochondrial function. Specifically, Cardiolipin and the Cardiolipin's linoleic content are known to be positively associated with cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. However, this association has not been examined in skeletal muscle. In this study, rats were fed high-fat diets with a naturally occurring gradient in linoleic acid:? coconut oil? 5.8%; flaxseed oil 13.2%; safflower oil 75.1%) in an attempt to alter both mitochondrial Cardiolipin linoleic composition and COX activity in rat mixed hind-limb muscle. In general, mitochondrial membrane lipid composition was fairly resistant to dietary treatments as only modest changes in fatty acid composition were detected in Cardiolipin and other major mitochondrial phospholipids. As a result of this resistance, Cardiolipin content was not different between the dietary groups. Consistent with the lack of changes in Cardiolipin content, mitochondrial activity was also not different between the dietary groups. However, correlational analysis using data obtained from rats across the dietary groups showed a significant relationship. suggesting that Cardiolipin content may positively influence mitochondrial activity thereby making this lipid molecule a potential factor related to mitochondrial health and function in skeletal muscle. doug On Thu, Apr 14, 2022 at 11:14 AM Rod Holmgren via <s4sindus=[email protected]> wrote:
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polo