Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
Good Point, Charles.? Yes, I fully agree — gammas and X-rays are both photons, and once they are emitted from the atom both look and behave the same.? From the IAEA Isotope Browser app, Ge-68 has a maximum X-ray energy of 10.26 keV at 5.68%, and if you consider
three other X-rays between 9.225 and 10.26 keV, the total X-ray emissions add up to 50.34%.? At these relatively low energies, these X-rays would be attenuated relatively quickly in the air, let alone by the thickness of the material enclosing the source,
so would have limited detectability at a distance.? I found a reference from an accelerator lab that indicated that 10 keV x-rays are attenuated to ~0.57 (57%) of its initial intensity by 1-meter of air.? Thus, the attenuation through 5-meters of air would
reduce the intensity to about 6% of the original intensity, and 10-meters of air would reduce the intensity to 0.36% of the original intensity.? Once you couple in the effects of the inverse square law for a point source, I think you'd be hard pressed to detect
10 keV x-ray photons from a Ge-68 poiont source much beyond 6 or 7 meters.
However, as I mentioned in the earlier email, Ge-68 decays to Ga-68 which has a 67.7 minute half-life, and would effectively be in equilibrium with the Ge-68.? The Ga-68 does emit some gammas, the most abundant of which is 1077.34 keV at 3.22%, and total gamma
emissions above 578 keV add up to 3.58%.? Ga-68 decays by positron emission, so it will also produce 511 keV annihilation photons with a total yield of 178%, which would be the most likely photons detectable from a distance.?
Good topic of discussion.? Have a great day, Charles.? 73
Ken -- WB?OCV
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On Wed, Dec 18, 2024 at 08:43 AM, Ken Sejkora wrote:
Considering that Ge-68 has no significant gamma emissions, and is only primarily an X-ray emitter
Keep in mind that gammas and X-rays differ only in their source (gamma from the nucleus, x-ray from the electron shells). Once departed from the atom, they are indistinguishable ...
I believe Ge-68 has a maximum energy of 100 KeV.
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Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
On Wed, Dec 18, 2024 at 08:43 AM, Ken Sejkora wrote:
Considering that Ge-68 has no significant gamma emissions, and is only primarily an X-ray emitter
Keep in mind that gammas and X-rays differ only in their source (gamma from the nucleus, x-ray from the electron shells). Once departed from the atom, they are indistinguishable ...
I believe Ge-68 has a maximum energy of 100 KeV.
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Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
I tend to agree, Chris.? ?The NRC report cites a 0.267 milliCurie Germanium-68 source, and that was probaly worst-case at the time the source was created.? If it was being "retired", the activity was likely much lower, perhaps only 10% of the original activity.?
With a half-life of 271 days, after two years the activity would be down to about 7% of the original activity, or about 0.018 mCi, or 0.67 MBq. Considering that Ge-68 has no significant gamma emissions, and is only primarily an X-ray emitter, the chances of
detecting it with a drone from several hundred meters away is infinitesimal.? However, Ge-68 decays to Gallium-68 which does have some low-yield gammas that might be detectable.? Considering the low activity (0.267 mCi, or 9.9 MBq), detection of the Ga-68
daughter is still unlikely with an airborne radiation detector.??
Even if the 0.267 mCi Ge-68 source was "re-purposed" in some type of dispersal device (a.k.a. "dirty bomb"), the impact would be trivial.? Ge-68 has a half-life of 261 days, so would decay relatively 'quickly' compared to something like 5.27 year Co-60 or 30-year
Cs-137.
Ken -- WB?OCV
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He's really reaching to connect current drone sightings with those things from many years ago.? Sounds like paranoid weirdness / typical conspirational thinking making connections that don't exist.? Par for the course with many Americans lately, which is just
embarrassing.
-Chris
So these are the drones you are looking for. Less than a Cat3 amount. Cat4 if the enclosure is still intact. Used to calibrate PET/CT scanners
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Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
What a mayor says does not convince me of much.? We have goofy mayors around here which have contributed largely to our drug and homeless problems.? They talk a lot but don't actually get anything meaningful done.? It is however possible they are testing out
some drone based aerial scintillation probes in a grid-like pattern.? I suppose if they are doing that it may be for testing or training purposes.? If it's considered an active investigation then they may be keeping quiet about it so the suspect doesn't move
his loot somewhere.? The whole thing makes no sense though.? It's like... Why bother stealing that?? Maybe they were hoping for something more spooky than what was actually inside.
-Chris
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A mayor in New Jersey says that's what it is also. The drones are looking for cargo missing from the first of Dec.
The source went missing Dec 2, 2024. The feds could be looking for something else, but an expired source would make a dirty bomb.
On 12/17/2024 4:30 PM, C.R. via groups.io wrote:
He's really reaching to connect current drone sightings with those things from many years ago.? Sounds like paranoid weirdness / typical conspirational thinking making connections that don't exist.? Par for the course with many Americans lately, which is just
embarrassing.
-Chris
So these are the drones you are looking for. Less than a Cat3 amount. Cat4 if the enclosure is still intact. Used to calibrate PET/CT scanners
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Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
A mayor in New Jersey says that's what it is also. The drones are
looking for cargo missing from the first of Dec.
The source went missing Dec 2, 2024. The feds could be looking
for something else, but an expired source would make a dirty bomb.
On 12/17/2024 4:30 PM, C.R. via
groups.io wrote:
toggle quoted message
Show quoted text
He's really reaching to connect current drone sightings with
those things from many years ago.? Sounds like paranoid
weirdness / typical conspirational thinking making connections
that don't exist.? Par for the course with many Americans
lately, which is just embarrassing.
-Chris
So these are the drones you are looking for. Less than a Cat3
amount. Cat4 if the enclosure is still intact. Used to calibrate
PET/CT scanners
|
Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
if true, what sort of detector could detect Ge68 at hundreds of feet away ?
P
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Re: Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
He's really reaching to connect current drone sightings with those things from many years ago.? Sounds like paranoid weirdness / typical conspiratorial thinking making connections that don't exist.? Par for the course with many Americans lately, which is just embarrassing.
?
-Chris
?
So these are the drones you are looking for. Less than a Cat3 amount. Cat4 if the enclosure is still intact. Used to calibrate PET/CT scanners
?
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Germanium 68 calibration source missing from NJ
So these are the drones you are looking for. Less than a Cat3
amount. Cat4 if the enclosure is still intact. Used to calibrate
PET/CT scanners
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Social media goons got paid big money to spread Russian propaganda and now they are trying to play the victim card while being investigated.
That was downright funny to watch.
People's moral compasses have gotten out of whack in America and it is embarrassing all of us on a global scale.
Tragically.
People need to take a step back and consider getting their "news" from sources which are not pro-Russian.
And start thinking critically for themselves instead being radicalized by cable news and conspiracy theorists, whipped up to a frenzy by echo chambers and foreign actors. "Truth" doesn't seem to exist for many people, at least at the moment. I would direct them towards my signature below.
On Dec 7, 2024, at 3:34 PM, William Fenech via < wfenech@...> wrote:
Because spanning Eleven time zones just isn’t enough!
Neo-colonialism.
On Dec 7, 2024, at 5:03 PM, David71 via <dnix71@...> wrote:
I bet the Russians regret selling Alaska for cheap. Oil, coal, minerals, lumber and access to the Pacific in winter.
This comes up on State Media as one of many revolving door topics. My response is "we have the receipt".
I have a T shirt that says, "Make Ukraine Great Again" so, yeah, I'm biased.
Terry Bowman, KA4HJH
"The Mac Doctor"
“Reality is that which, when you?stop believing in it, doesn't go?away.”–Philip K. Dick, "I Hope I?Shall Arrive Soon"
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Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
On 12/7/2024 3:34 PM, William Fenech via groups.io wrote: Russia and Putin.
Because spanning Eleven time zones just isn’t enough!
True. The rest of the world powers kept them bottled up at the top with nowhere else to go. We got Alaska for a good price and the French and Indians got together to keep the English out of Canada. I bet the Russians regret selling Alaska for cheap. Oil, coal, minerals, lumber and access to the Pacific in winter.
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Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Russia and Putin.
Because spanning Eleven time zones just isn’t enough!
My family were Germans living on the wrong side of the Volga River when WW One began. Rather than fight for either side they came to America and farmed potatoes in Montana before moving to Atlanta and Miami. Half the Ukraine is German and the other half Russian. Poland invaded back when they had an empire as a favor to the Pope and forbid the people to speak Russian, so Ukrainian is Cyrillic, but not proper Russian.
If people were not so ethnic and tribal the world would be a safer, saner place. There are no winners in this and likely never will be. Chernobyl's reactor was carbon pile to make Pu as well as electricity. Keep those batteries fresh.
What I don't understand is why no one will allow Russia a warm water port. That is what almost started ww3 in Cuba. My father helped keep B52's at MacDill in the air around the clock during the Cold War. The British, French, Germans, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans and Americans are all afraid of Russian expansion, even though Russia had church missions all the way down the west coast of America almost to Mexico.
We better learn to play nice if humanity is to have a future. Our CDV's won't detect viruses that have been altered to have a "gain of function."
On Friday, December 6, 2024 at 01:29:59 PM EST, Terry Bowman via <themacdoktor= [email protected]> wrote:
I do not want to have to reply to this.
On Nov 19, 2024, at 6:40 PM, David71 via < dnix71@...> wrote:
Fortunately only one of 7 made it to the target. People being stupid again. All the sides in this have families.
Yes, it's a tragedy all around. It's a real shame that Vladimir Vladimirovich "had" to invade Ukraine. Hell, we wouldn't be talking about this. I wouldn't be worried about Ukraine—and standing up for them.
If you were Ukrainian what would you have to say about this casual "both sides" statement? Are there any Ukrainians in this group?
Well maybe we should check our batteries to make sure they are fresh.
This part I DON'T object to. Discussion concerning nuclear topics is the fundamental aspect of our hobby. But I seriously doubt that?Vladimir Vladimirovich wants to die let alone destroy his beloved native land. it is not part of his zeitgeist, quite the opposite. The real question is what happens when he's gone, especially if it's not an entirely peaceful transition? THAT is something to worry about.
Now, could we PLEASE drop this topic as well as anything political? I'm not being unreasonable. "The Mac Doctor"
"We see one nation suddenly?seized, from its highest to its?lowest members, with a fierce?desire of military glory; another?as suddenly becoming crazed?upon a religious scruple; and?neither of them recovering its?senses until it has shed rivers of?blood and sowed a harvest of?groans and tears, to be reaped?by its posterity."—Preface to "Extraordinary?Popular Delusions and the?Madness of Crowds" (Revised Edition, 1852)—Charles?Mackay, LL.D
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Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Yep. We have a bunch of people influenced indirectly by RT News which is Putin's mouthpiece. They may not know it but they push the bad guys' agenda. Can simply look into the Tenet Media investigation if there are any doubts. Social media goons got paid big
money to spread Russian propaganda and now they are trying to play the victim card while being investigated. People's moral compasses have gotten out of whack in America and it is embarrassing all of us on a global scale. People need to take a step back and
consider getting their "news" from sources which are not pro-Russian.
-Chris
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Show quoted text
I do not want to have to reply to this.
On Nov 19, 2024, at 6:40 PM, David71 via ?< dnix71@...> wrote:
Fortunately only one of 7 made it to the target. People being stupid again. All the sides in this have families.
Yes, it's a tragedy all around. It's a real shame that Vladimir Vladimirovich "had" to invade Ukraine. Hell, we wouldn't be talking about this. I wouldn't be worried about Ukraine—and standing up for them.
If you were Ukrainian what would you have to say about this casual "both sides" statement? Are there any Ukrainians in this group?
Well maybe we should check our batteries to make sure they are fresh.
This part I DON'T object to. Discussion concerning nuclear topics is the fundamental aspect of our hobby. But I seriously doubt that?Vladimir Vladimirovich wants to die let alone destroy his beloved native land. it is not part of his zeitgeist, quite the
opposite. The real question is what happens when he's gone, especially if it's not an entirely peaceful transition? THAT is something to worry about.
Now, could we PLEASE drop this topic as well as anything political? I'm not being unreasonable.
Terry Bowman, KA4HJH
"The Mac Doctor"
"We see one nation suddenly?seized, from its highest to its?lowest members, with a fierce?desire of military glory; another?as suddenly becoming crazed?upon a religious scruple; and?neither of them recovering its?senses until it has shed rivers of?blood and
sowed a harvest of?groans and tears, to be reaped?by its posterity."—Preface to "Extraordinary?Popular Delusions and the?Madness of Crowds" (Revised Edition, 1852)—Charles?Mackay, LL.D
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
My family were Germans living on the wrong side of the Volga River when WW One began. Rather than fight for either side they came to America and farmed potatoes in Montana before moving to Atlanta and Miami. Half the Ukraine is German and the other half Russian. Poland invaded back when they had an empire as a favor to the Pope and forbid the people to speak Russian, so Ukrainian is Cyrillic, but not proper Russian.
If people were not so ethnic and tribal the world would be a safer, saner place. There are no winners in this and likely never will be. Chernobyl's reactor was carbon pile to make Pu as well as electricity. Keep those batteries fresh.
What I don't understand is why no one will allow Russia a warm water port. That is what almost started ww3 in Cuba. My father helped keep B52's at MacDill in the air around the clock during the Cold War. The British, French, Germans, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans and Americans are all afraid of Russian expansion, even though Russia had church missions all the way down the west coast of America almost to Mexico.
We better learn to play nice if humanity is to have a future. Our CDV's won't detect viruses that have been altered to have a "gain of function."
On Friday, December 6, 2024 at 01:29:59 PM EST, Terry Bowman via groups.io <themacdoktor@...> wrote:
I do not want to have to reply to this.
On Nov 19, 2024, at 6:40 PM, David71 via < dnix71@...> wrote:
Fortunately only one of 7 made it to the target. People being stupid again. All the sides in this have families.
Yes, it's a tragedy all around. It's a real shame that Vladimir Vladimirovich "had" to invade Ukraine. Hell, we wouldn't be talking about this. I wouldn't be worried about Ukraine—and standing up for them.
If you were Ukrainian what would you have to say about this casual "both sides" statement? Are there any Ukrainians in this group?
Well maybe we should check our batteries to make sure they are fresh.
This part I DON'T object to. Discussion concerning nuclear topics is the fundamental aspect of our hobby. But I seriously doubt that?Vladimir Vladimirovich wants to die let alone destroy his beloved native land. it is not part of his zeitgeist, quite the opposite. The real question is what happens when he's gone, especially if it's not an entirely peaceful transition? THAT is something to worry about.
Now, could we PLEASE drop this topic as well as anything political? I'm not being unreasonable. "The Mac Doctor"
"We see one nation suddenly?seized, from its highest to its?lowest members, with a fierce?desire of military glory; another?as suddenly becoming crazed?upon a religious scruple; and?neither of them recovering its?senses until it has shed rivers of?blood and sowed a harvest of?groans and tears, to be reaped?by its posterity."—Preface to "Extraordinary?Popular Delusions and the?Madness of Crowds" (Revised Edition, 1852)—Charles?Mackay, LL.D
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
I do not want to have to reply to this.
On Nov 19, 2024, at 6:40 PM, David71 via < dnix71@...> wrote:
Fortunately only one of 7 made it to the target. People being
stupid again. All the sides in this have families.
Yes, it's a tragedy all around. It's a real shame that Vladimir Vladimirovich "had" to invade Ukraine. Hell, we wouldn't be talking about this. I wouldn't be worried about Ukraine—and standing up for them.
If you were Ukrainian what would you have to say about this casual "both sides" statement? Are there any Ukrainians in this group?
Well maybe we should check our batteries to make sure they are
fresh.
This part I DON'T object to. Discussion concerning nuclear topics is the fundamental aspect of our hobby. But I seriously doubt that?Vladimir Vladimirovich wants to die let alone destroy his beloved native land. it is not part of his zeitgeist, quite the opposite. The real question is what happens when he's gone, especially if it's not an entirely peaceful transition? THAT is something to worry about.
Now, could we PLEASE drop this topic as well as anything political? I'm not being unreasonable. "The Mac Doctor"
"We see one nation suddenly?seized, from its highest to its?lowest members, with a fierce?desire of military glory; another?as suddenly becoming crazed?upon a religious scruple; and?neither of them recovering its?senses until it has shed rivers of?blood and sowed a harvest of?groans and tears, to be reaped?by its posterity."—Preface to "Extraordinary?Popular Delusions and the?Madness of Crowds" (Revised Edition, 1852)—Charles?Mackay, LL.D
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Fortunately only one of 7 made it to the target. People being
stupid again. All the sides in this have families.
Well maybe we should check our batteries to make sure they are
fresh.
On 11/6/2024 2:15 AM, Cliff via
groups.io wrote:
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Show quoted text
Dear Group Members,
??? I haven't seen any activity on the groups (GeigerCounters,
CDV700CLUB, and GammaSpectroscopy) since late September and mid
October.? What's going on?? Thanks.
~Cliff
|
Looking for gun handle for ADM300
? I know this is a long shot, but I am looking for the gun handle for an ADM300. ? Does anyone have one that they would sell? ? Thanks for looking. ? Lenox ?
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Righty-O!
On 11/6/2024 3:49 PM, David71 via
groups.io wrote:
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No news is good news. The proxy war in the Ukraine hasn't
gotten out of hand. No tsunamis lately, either.
On 11/6/2024 2:15 AM, Cliff via
groups.io wrote:
Dear Group Members,
??? I haven't seen any activity on the groups (GeigerCounters,
CDV700CLUB, and GammaSpectroscopy) since late September and mid
October.? What's going on?? Thanks.
~Cliff
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Dear Michael,
??? I hear ya!
~Cliff
On 11/6/2024 3:58 PM, Michael C wrote:
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yep we are all just aging in place? ??
No news is good news. The proxy war in the Ukraine hasn't
gotten out of hand. No tsunamis lately, either.
On 11/6/2024 2:15 AM, Cliff via
groups.io wrote:
Dear Group Members,
??? I haven't seen any activity on the groups (GeigerCounters,
CDV700CLUB, and GammaSpectroscopy) since late September and
mid October.? What's going on?? Thanks.
~Cliff
|
Re: [GeigerCounters] Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
Dear Gary,
??? Very interesting.? Thank you.
~Cliff
On 11/6/2024 9:42 AM, mckennagm via
groups.io wrote:
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Our heads must be in the
clouds. See the PDF? ?Gary
1. Free your heart
from hatred. 2. Free your mind from worries. 3. Live
simply. 4. Give more. 5. Expect less. 6. Laugh often.
7. Do No Harm.
Dear Group Members,
??? I haven't seen any activity on the groups
(GeigerCounters, CDV700CLUB, and GammaSpectroscopy)
since late September and mid October.? What's going
on?? Thanks.
~Cliff
|
Re: Lack of Groups Activity for a Long Time...
yep we are all just aging in place? ??
toggle quoted message
Show quoted text
No news is good news. The proxy war in the Ukraine hasn't gotten out of hand. No tsunamis lately, either.
On 11/6/2024 2:15 AM, Cliff via groups.io wrote:
Dear Group Members,
??? I haven't seen any activity on the groups (GeigerCounters, CDV700CLUB, and GammaSpectroscopy) since late September and mid October.? What's going on?? Thanks.
~Cliff
|
David71
Terry Bowman
Michael C