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I've just released raduino v1.10, download it from

Some minimal hardware (a few resistors and one PNP transistor) is required to fully use the new functionality.

New in this version:

• added CW functionality (for straight morse key). This function can also be used just for tuning up. This requires the CW-CARRIER line connected to Raduino output D6 (connector P3, pin 15). (see for wiring instructions). The morse key itself shall be connected to Raduino pin A1 (brown wire). Both sidebands (CWU or CWL) are available for CW operation.
• Semi break-in for CW This requires the TX-RX line from Raduino output D7 (connector P3, pin 16) to override the existing PTT switch using a PNP transistor. (see for wiring instructions)
• CW side-tone This requires some wiring from Raduino output D5 (connector P3, pin 14) to the speaker. (see for wiring instructions). The desired sidetone pitch can be set using the Function Button in the SETTINGS menu.
• Frequency tuning is disabled during TX (to prevent flutter or "FM-ing" during TX). This requires the PTT SENSE line connected to pin A0 (black wire). (see for wiring instructions).
• Please carefully read the updated user instructions:
  
  

73, Allard PE1NWL

Thanks indeed!

This might need clarification: ?

? ? > ?Both sidebands (CWU or CWL) are available for CW operation.

Here's my guess at how it works: ? Flipping between LSB and USB modes during receive may help avoid hearing a nearby interfering station. ?If the Radiuino's notion of the BFO's frequency is not exactly correct, then the transmitted CW carrier will be at slightly different frequency in USB mode than it is in LSB mode. ?The display will correctly show the frequency of the transmitted CW carrier when in LSB mode, assuming the rig was calibrated while in LSB mode. ??

Hi Allard,

Thanks for good work.

In original post you said: "... to fully use the new functionality."

New functionality, comparing to what? 1.0.9 version?

Is there any place (post, URL) where we can see all needed modification, comparing to original state of TRX?

Regards,
Dragan, 4O4A

Yes, new functionality since v1.0.9.

My understanding is that you need to wire up his function button when upgrading to v1.0.9, otherwise it's a stock Bitx40. ?To use the new CW features of v1.0.10, you need to add the mods pointed to in his post: ??/g/BITX20/message/26491? ?Though I have not had time to dig out my Bitx40 lately to try either, will do so soon.

With so many new extra's I can indeed imagine it's getting confusing...

Here is the complete overview of extra add-ons. The BITX40 board itself is not modified, we only connect some external minimal hardware to it. The software is written in such a way that the radio basically still works without these add-ons, but of course some functionality will not be available then. It is up to the user to decide what extra's he wants to install.

1. Function Button: Use a pushbutton to momentarily ground pin A3 (orange wire).
   This is required for different modes, calibration, etc.
2. PTT SENSE line to Raduino input A0 (black wire)
   This is required for RIT/SPLIT functionality (and to ensure frequency stability during TX)
3. Required for CW:
   Morse key (or electronic keyer) to be connected to Raduino pin A1 (brown wire). The key switches the input to ground.
   CW-CARRIER from Raduino output D6 (connector P3, pin 15)
4. For semi break-in CW functionality:
   TX-RX line from Raduino output D7 (connector P3, pin 16) to bypass the existing PTT switch using a PNP transistor.
5. For CW side-tone:
   CW side-tone is available from Raduino output D5 (connector P3, pin 14).
   Note: In my opinion this is a somewhat 'sub-optimal' solution, there are probably better ways to make the sidetone audible. Any suggestions for improvement are greatly appreciated.
   
   

Thanks Jerry, Allard.

Keep up good work, guys!

Thanks,
Dragan, 4O4A

Hi Adi,

as I see you like to connect the keyer from hamshop.cz to the raduino. Since the Q1 puts some voltage to the ground it should be working. My BITX still waits for completion so i could not verify this, but it should work.

73 de Jens, DH1AKY

Readme.md seems to be very informative, however I noticed that there is no mention of C91 and C92 removal for better USB sensitivity, right?

Did I miss any other hardware change related to v1.10 sketch, besides those Allard listed ih his post few posts above?

Thanks for reminding Dragan!

I have updated the instructions at and included the following note:

? Extra Note: If the max. drive level of 8mA is still insufficient for USB mode, removal of C91 and C92 may help.
? These caps cause too much attenuation of the VFO signal at higher frequencies. They're only needed for the analog VFO
? and can safely be removed if you use the Raduino instead of the analog VFO.

73 Allard PE1NWL

I tested most of the features of v1.10.

This is what I did:

1. All toggles works fine.
2. Installed 20k 10-turn pot (the only kind of 10-turns I had ATM), it looks much better than 10k lin. It responds nicely to tuning range settings. For some reason, clicking noise is almost gone.
3. Wired PTT sense, RIT/SPLIT works fine (it is more SPLIT than RIT)
4. Wired CW-carrier.?

I'm still not sure what to say about CW-carrier. It must be something with my still-on-board setup. When I manually press PTT, I can hear tone on other, control RX, giving me signal with strength of 4 S-units. When I keep PTT pressed and when I press key, I can hear signal which is about 30 dB stronger (S9 on control RX).

5. Wired CW-sidetone.
6. Couldn't find transistor to test keying, so I was switching manually RX-TX.

Suddenly, I lost that S4 carrier tone and everything went as it should be. When I switch manually to TX there is no carrier tone, when I press key I hear CW tone both on speaker and on control RX.

But I noticed something weird. When I turn pot max or min there is no more quick change of freq. Pot behaves pretty strange, I feel that it is changing non-linear, with extremely high values at the beginning (or at the end). Whenever I go to setting mode, I can see different value for tuning range. For example, if my 10k lin pot is closed, then I read tuning range 10 kHz. If pot is max open, and if I go to settings, I see that tuning range is 500 kHz. It looks like information about tuning range is no more stored.

What am I missing?

I don't fully understand the symptoms you describe, but:

Those 10 turn pots can have funny pinouts. ?I'd take it out of the circuit, check with an ohmmeter. ?Make sure you have identified the correct middle pin. ?And check with an ohmmeter to determine if pot is more or less linear (though I doubt there's many 10 turn pots out there that are logarithmic). ? If you did have it wired up wrong with either 5v or GND on the middle pot pin, you could have damaged the pot as current would get very high when resistance between 5v and GND nears zero.

With PTT pressed and key not closed, this is like an SSB transmitter with no audio. ?There will be some residual carrier, since that balanced modulator is not perfectly balanced. ?I doubt this residual carrier will be strong enough to cause trouble. ? When you push the key down, the modulator gets a DC current through the new resistor, and the modulator becomes very unbalanced resulting in a strong carrier.?

If we want to avoid the residual carrier, the Nano could tell the Si5351 to shut down between dots and dashes. ?The I2C interface into the Si5351 is plenty fast to do this in well under a millisecond, I have no idea how fast the Nano or Etherkit library will be when sending these commands to the Si5351.

Jerry, KE7ER

Hi Jerry, thanks for reply.

Well, it is a little bit tricky to explain. I'm sure that both 10k lin and 20k 10-turn are good, both wired properly. Sketch was also good, Allard's 1.10. I cannot guarantee, but it must be me - I messed something, but I don't know what :) I didn't play with code, so it must be hardware somewhere.

Let me try to explain pot behavior: I turn pot fully CCW. Freq is 7400. When I start to turning in CW direction, it goes very fast. A small touch is enough to move freq down by 300 kHz. As I continue with CW direction freq goes slower and slower and finally it really takes time to change 20 kHz or 10 kHz. When I reach the end of CW direction, there is no moving in 10 kHz steps.

When I go back CCW, freq changes slowly and then as I am going to the end of CCW change is faster and pot stops at, say, 7.400.000.

At that point, if I go to setting, I can see that all setting parameters are OK besides tuning range. It reads 520 kHz or so.
In opposite point, if I go to setting, I can see that tuning range reads 10 kHz.

It looks that for some reason info about tuning range is not stored in Nano, and tuning range is continuously changing along with frequency change.

Measure that tuning voltage (to ground) going into the Raduino as you rotate that pot through its range. ?Voltage should smoothly change from 0 to 5 volts.