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Date

Re: Components

Jon Harris
 

<AOL> Thanks Hans, all arrived safe and sound

Jon H.

----- Original Message -----
From: "William Ford" <ford1@...>
To: <BITX20@...>
Sent: Friday, June 25, 2004 10:18 AM
Subject: Re: [BITX20] Components


Component parcel received today.many thanks Jack
----- Original Message -----
From: Hans Summers
To: 'BITX20@...'
Sent: Thursday, June 24, 2004 4:57 PM
Subject: [BITX20] Components



Hello

Just to let you know that all the components arrived this
morning, from
three different suppliers. The LM386 was from Farnell because I
wasn't sure
that the Rapid Electronics version was the correct LM386N-1
version. All
components have been counted out and shipped, UK orders by
first class post
(should arrive tomorrow morning) and international orders via
airmail.

When I'd finished there were 14 BC547 transistors left over.
This could be
because they are so cheap that counting them precisely costs
Rapid more than
giving a few extra. Or it could be that I messed up my own
counting, as the
whole process was rather tedious and I have been having a very
stressful
day. If anyone is missing any then let me know, or needs some
extra spares.

I owe quite a few of you emails and also have a couple of other
things to
say, but am too busy to do it today so pls QRX

72/3 de Hans G0UPL


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BFO Clarification?

Mark
 

All

I'm happy soldering here, but have a question:

In the text for the BITX20 it says "If you are using this for 14MHz
and above, the BFO will need a coil in series with the crystal".
This is what I have done - seems to work OK (see G0MGX folder in
pictures on reflector).

I just saw the alternative coil data that has been posted on the
reflector and that says "L3 was used in series between the crystal
and the 22pf trimmer cap plus I added 7pf Mica fixed cap across the
trimmer. Needed for USB"

I am therefore confused!

Can anyone shed any light on this?

Mark. G0MGX


Re: The PC as a lab instrument

Hans Summers
 

I thought this forum was focused on the BITX20.
Have I gotten into the wrong forum by accident?
Hey it wasn't *that* far off topic! Have a look back in the archives... It
stems from Farhan's questions about PC use which also relates to his telling
us previously about him using his computer for some audio and AGC
processing.

Several people have asked for possible AGC circuits for the BITX20. I'll see
what I can find over the weekend.

73 Hans G0UPL


Fw: RE: The PC as a lab instrument

 

I thought this forum was focused on the BITX20. Have I gotten into the wrong forum by accident?

Arv - K7HKL

-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Hans Summers <Hans.Summers@...>
Sent: Jun 25, 2004 7:34 AM
To: "'BITX20@...'" <BITX20@...>
Subject: RE: [BITX20] The PC as a lab instrument

<html><body>


<tt>
<BR>
does anybody have more stories about using PCs in the <BR>
home lab?<BR>
<BR>
Farhan, I don't have a PC at home at all, except an old laptop my XYL uses<BR>
for internet access. I prefer to do everything without a PC. I even built my<BR>
crazy 30m QRSS beacon project with no PC or microcontroller, see<BR>
<a href="></a> and<BR>
<a href="></a> . I sit in front of a<BR>
computer here in the office every day and somehow prefer that when I am at<BR>
home I don't have to be attached to one.<BR>
<BR>
There's also the problem of the "homebrew only" law which rules my station.<BR>
So far the only exception to it is my old 5MHz oscilloscope and my DVM. Some<BR>
day I will get my Z80 computers up and running, and will be able to write<BR>
some homebrew software for QRSS and PSK31 etc. <BR>
<BR>
73 Hans G0UPL<BR>
<a href="></a><BR>
</tt>


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</body></html>


BITX20 & BITX40

 

Hello to the BITX20 group (this is my first posting on this forum).

Farhan and myself have exchanged a couple of off-forum emails regarding mods to his excellent design. One interesting possibility is replacement of the LM-386 with a discrete component AF Amplifier. He said that he had not had the time to work up a schematic...so I have provided one (see attached .gif file). This can allow those without access to an LM-386 to build the unit.

Also, my layout for the BITX20 uses 10.7 MHZ IF transformers salvaged from dead AM/FM radios ( I dislike winding toroids! ). My construction is a BITX40 (40 Meters) and requires 55 pf across the 10.7 IFs to resonate on 7.2 MHZ. These 10.7 IF transformers might be made to resonate on 20M if the internal capacitors were removed ( break them with a screwdriver point ) and a small variable ( 5-25pf ) used to bring them to resonance.

73's
Arv - K7HKL


Re: More components

Hans Summers
 

开云体育

Thanks for the offer Bruce. Let's keep it in mind and see how it goes. Over half the orders I had were from the UK, other than that US, Singapore and New Zealand. I don't know if that's because I announced the list on the GQRP mailing list and therefore more UK members joined, or if people were more inclined to buy locally to keep postage costs down. Though at ?1.31 for postage for the packs to the US and worldwide, it wasn't too bad.
?
Is anyone a member of the US QRP-L list? I was but I couldn't handle the huge volume of email so I unsubscribed. Perhaps someone who's a member might like to announce the existence of this group, I'm sure the BITX20 would be of interest to many on that list too.
?
73 Hans G0UPL
?

-----Original Message-----
From: Bruce Raymond [mailto:bruceraymond@...]
Sent: 23 June 2004 20:13
To: BITX20@...
Subject: RE: [BITX20] More components

I realize that I'm late getting into the group.? Jameco ()
has 10 MHz, 50 ppm crystals for $0.69/10, $0.59/100+, $0.49/1000.? I think
that corresponds to 0,38 L/10, 0,32 L/100, and 0,27 L/1000 (I don't have a
symbol for British pounds on my keyboard).
?
Hans, you're going beyond the line of duty to take on the ordering task.? If
there's some assistance you need from the US side of the pond I'm willing to
help.
?
73,
Bruce Raymond/ND8I
?
?
-----Original Message-----
From: Hans Summers [mailto:Hans.Summers@...]
Sent: Wednesday, June 23, 2004 12:05 PM
To: 'BITX20@...'
Subject: [BITX20] More components


The two extra sets are already accounted for! Seems I should have bought
more spares, but I didn't really want to be stuck with components and be
unable to do anything with them.

I can get more sets, but without the savings from getting 10+, 25+ and 100+
prices on some items, the price would be ?11.64 + postage (compared to ?8.19
for this bulk-purchased set). Alternatively, tell me you're interested and
we'll wait say until next Wednesday same time (13:00 UK time) and see how
many orders arrive. Perhaps get some quantity discounts again, if there are
enough more people interested. What do people think?

And if anyone needs any particular component and can't source it locally
(e.g. IRF510 being sent to Baino in Singapore) then I can sort that out for
you too, just email me.

72/3 de Hans G0UPL


Re: The PC as a lab instrument

Hans Summers
 

There's also the problem of the "homebrew only" law which
rules my station.
We should not look askance at ALL "store-bought" technology.
Sometimes, recycled gear is nearly as satisfying as
homebrewed, especially if it's recycled from the dust
bin.
Don't get me wrong, I don't look askance at store-bought technology at all,
nor have anything against it or any other aspect of amateur radio. Some
people are committed QRP enthusiasts. I am mostly QRP but sometimes if condx
are bad and I want to get through to a friend I turn the 80m CW TX
up to its maximum 10W and I
don't feel bad about it.

There are so many aspects to amateur radio, each ham has his own areas of
interest. Some hate CW, others operate it exclusively. To each his own! But
my own passion is to homebrew everything.

For really extreme homebrew, I hope one day to build a valve transmitter and
matching receiver using components which are all constructed from household
items or things that can be purchased from the hardware store. Every
component: valves from baby food jars, capacitors from kitchen foil, etc
etc. See for
the capacitor I built, the only part so far.

But that's just me - people who operate QRQ QRO black box contest stations
don't bother me either. Unless it's a time such as once happened when I was
in QSO with an SM6 on 80m, 2-way QRP CW and both about 339 or something
rather marginal, and midnight GMT comes around and suddenly the whole place
explodes with contest traffic and the SM6 and myself, well we both got
practically vapourised by the volume of the audio in our receivers. Had to
curse them a bit then ;-)

73 Hans G0UPL


Re: Components

Hans Summers
 

Mine arrived today too, many thanks Hans.
No problem Mark.

Sorry list members, Jack's earlier message on this subject and my reply got
copied to the whole list when in fact it was intended to be offlist.

Note that this list is configured such that the default reply address is the
list itself rather than the original message sender. This means that by
default replies go back to the list and if you want to reply only to the
sender you have to copy and paste their address in.

I prefer it this way, it generates more list traffic but I feel that often
what is of interest to the original sender will usually be of interest to
others, since we are in general all discussing the same rig. If there is any
significant feeling about this and you want it set the other way, that can
be done.

73 Hans G0UPL


Re: The PC as a lab instrument

Jim Strohm
 

On Jun 25, 2004, at 8:34 AM, Hans Summers wrote:

There's also the problem of the "homebrew only" law which rules my station.
We should not look askance at ALL "store-bought" technology. Sometimes, recycled gear is nearly as satisfying as homebrewed, especially if it's recycled from the dust bin.

A few months back, I was challenged to write a book describing how to build a transmitter and receiver starting from ZERO technology. So far, I've outlined sections on how to knap flint, how to make fire with sticks, and how to develop the most rudimentary tools for metallurgy.

It appears that the shortest route to homebrewing a radio station essentially from dirt is to use gold for the wiring ... so far, I've found much more gold in the dust bin than lying about on the ground.

Jim N6OTQ


Re: Components

Mark
 

Mine arrived today too, many thanks Hans.

--- In BITX20@..., Hans Summers <Hans.Summers@t...>
wrote:

No problems Jack, thanks for the cheque which was received this
morning. My
very best wishes to your wife, and good luck with the project when
you have
time. Nearly 60 years of marriage is wonderful. I am 33, married
for 8 years
so some catching up to do! We have a 15 month old daughter who
takes most of
my time.

73 de Hans G0UPL

-----Original Message-----
From: William Ford [mailto:ford1@e...]
Sent: 25 June 2004 10:19
To: BITX20@...
Subject: Re: [BITX20] Components


Component parcel received today.many thanks Jack

----- Original Message -----
From: Hans <mailto:Hans.Summers@t...> Summers
To: 'BITX20@...' <mailto:'BITX20@...'>
Sent: Thursday, June 24, 2004 4:57 PM
Subject: [BITX20] Components


Hello

Just to let you know that all the components arrived this morning,
from
three different suppliers. The LM386 was from Farnell because I
wasn't sure
that the Rapid Electronics version was the correct LM386N-1
version. All
components have been counted out and shipped, UK orders by first
class post
(should arrive tomorrow morning) and international orders via
airmail.

When I'd finished there were 14 BC547 transistors left over. This
could be
because they are so cheap that counting them precisely costs Rapid
more than
giving a few extra. Or it could be that I messed up my own
counting, as the
whole process was rather tedious and I have been having a very
stressful
day. If anyone is missing any then let me know, or needs some
extra spares.

I owe quite a few of you emails and also have a couple of other
things to
say, but am too busy to do it today so pls QRX

72/3 de Hans G0UPL
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BFO Finished

Mark
 

I've completed the VFO today, uploaded a couple of pictures to the
reflector. Not too sure about L3 - used a fixed choke instead of
winding. Any thoughts? Seems to be working OK.


Re: The PC as a lab instrument

Hans Summers
 

does anybody have more stories about using PCs in the
home lab?
Farhan, I don't have a PC at home at all, except an old laptop my XYL uses
for internet access. I prefer to do everything without a PC. I even built my
crazy 30m QRSS beacon project with no PC or microcontroller, see
and
. I sit in front of a
computer here in the office every day and somehow prefer that when I am at
home I don't have to be attached to one.

There's also the problem of the "homebrew only" law which rules my station.
So far the only exception to it is my old 5MHz oscilloscope and my DVM. Some
day I will get my Z80 computers up and running, and will be able to write
some homebrew software for QRSS and PSK31 etc.

73 Hans G0UPL


Re: Components

Hans Summers
 

开云体育

?
No problems Jack, thanks for the cheque which was received this morning. My very best wishes to your wife, and good luck with the project when you have time. Nearly 60 years of marriage is wonderful. I am 33, married for 8 years so some catching up to do! We have a 15 month old daughter who takes most of my time.
?
73 de Hans G0UPL

-----Original Message-----
From: William Ford [mailto:ford1@...]
Sent: 25 June 2004 10:19
To: BITX20@...
Subject: Re: [BITX20] Components

Component parcel received today.many thanks Jack
----- Original Message -----
Sent: Thursday, June 24, 2004 4:57 PM
Subject: [BITX20] Components


Hello

Just to let you know that all the components arrived this morning, from
three different suppliers. The LM386 was from Farnell because I wasn't sure
that the Rapid Electronics version was the correct LM386N-1 version. All
components have been counted out and shipped, UK orders by first class post
(should arrive tomorrow morning) and international orders via airmail.

When I'd finished there were 14 BC547 transistors left over. This could be
because they are so cheap that counting them precisely costs Rapid more than
giving a few extra. Or it could be that I messed up my own counting, as the
whole process was rather tedious and I have been having a very stressful
day. If anyone is missing any then let me know, or needs some extra spares.

I owe quite a few of you emails and also have a couple of other things to
say, but am too busy to do it today so pls QRX

72/3 de Hans G0UPL




Re: Components

William Ford
 

开云体育

Component parcel received today.many thanks Jack

----- Original Message -----
Sent: Thursday, June 24, 2004 4:57 PM
Subject: [BITX20] Components


Hello

Just to let you know that all the components arrived this morning, from
three different suppliers. The LM386 was from Farnell because I wasn't sure
that the Rapid Electronics version was the correct LM386N-1 version. All
components have been counted out and shipped, UK orders by first class post
(should arrive tomorrow morning) and international orders via airmail.

When I'd finished there were 14 BC547 transistors left over. This could be
because they are so cheap that counting them precisely costs Rapid more than
giving a few extra. Or it could be that I messed up my own counting, as the
whole process was rather tedious and I have been having a very stressful
day. If anyone is missing any then let me know, or needs some extra spares.

I owe quite a few of you emails and also have a couple of other things to
say, but am too busy to do it today so pls QRX

72/3 de Hans G0UPL



Components

Hans Summers
 

Hello

Just to let you know that all the components arrived this morning, from
three different suppliers. The LM386 was from Farnell because I wasn't sure
that the Rapid Electronics version was the correct LM386N-1 version. All
components have been counted out and shipped, UK orders by first class post
(should arrive tomorrow morning) and international orders via airmail.

When I'd finished there were 14 BC547 transistors left over. This could be
because they are so cheap that counting them precisely costs Rapid more than
giving a few extra. Or it could be that I messed up my own counting, as the
whole process was rather tedious and I have been having a very stressful
day. If anyone is missing any then let me know, or needs some extra spares.

I owe quite a few of you emails and also have a couple of other things to
say, but am too busy to do it today so pls QRX

72/3 de Hans G0UPL


Re: The PC as a lab instrument

Jim Strohm
 

On Jun 24, 2004, at 5:37 AM, Ashhar Farhan wrote:

the PC is a powerful a DSP as you can hope to own. the problem is in
getting signals in and out of it. the only available means of doing it is
via audio (baseband). i have used a PC based scope too. but that is a
costly option. costlier than the PC itself. but it might be interesting to
see how useful can the ordinary PC become by strapping some home made
circutis around it.

does anybody have more stories about using PCs in the home lab?
"Back in the day" ...

A decade or more ago, it was trivial to get ISA-bus prototype boards to wire up new gadgets like A/D converters. With the limited bandwidth of ISA and the low frequency of consumer-affordable A/D chips, board layout was not an issue. In fact, some of us were building MIDI interfaces/audio digitizers for Macintosh out of a single A/D chip and a couple of connectors. And it's trivial to use the PC printer port (LPTx) as a data interface.

A PCI breadboard is a lot harder to come by nowadays, and it's not even something that an enterprising hobbyist could etch up himself. However, PCI has the bandwidth and the newest consumer-grade A/D chips have sampling rates that were almost unheard of just 5 years ago. But it would be (relatively) simple to design and build a PCI A/D board. The biggest challenge would be to equalize the signal traces from the A/D chip to the PCI connector. Assuming one could etch a PCI connector, this could be done at home.

An easier interface would be USB 2.0 or FireWire (IEEE 1394). Most PCs built since 1999 have USB 1.0 or higher; some PCs since 2002 have FireWire (Macs introduced since 1998 or so all have FireWire). The significant advantage to USB is that most consumer OSes besides Mac OS X have drivers for most USB devices built in, so there's a good chance that for any given USB interface chip, the OS will recognize its data stream and be able to provide it _somewhere_. This isn't as easy to implement as an LPTx scheme under DOS, but there are a number of simple programming environments for Windows such as Visual BASIC (yecch) or National Instruments' LabView (hurrah!) that make data acquisition and manipulation easy to set up.

And Linux has at least as many drivers, plus the ability to drop to a command-line interface, which makes accessing machine-level functions a whole lot easier than under an MS OS, now that DOS has been effectively buried under Wind0ze.

Theoretically, all you need for data capture is -- suitable conditioning and buffering circuitry to deliver your analog signal to your A/D converter, a buffer/interface to your bus, and a suitable bus connector. In the case of USB and FireWire, which are serial interfaces, you need as part of the bus buffer/interface from the A/D -- a data serializer. This would be any scheme that would take the parallel-bus output from the A/D and convert it to a serial stream compatible with USB or FireWire.

Some newer A/Ds now have serial outputs, so the interface would be as simple as doing level conditioning and perhaps some timing adjustment. The stuff's out there -- try TI or National Semiconductor. Both companies have reasonable sample policies if you know how to ask. It's harder to design the board than it is to get free parts. (N.B. -- Some parts are US export-restricted, even though they're made or assembled outside the US.)

And -- if you have lots of money to throw at the problem, National Instruments has already solved it. Reverse-engineering their hardware at lower performance levels should be within the scope of most savvy home builders -- their catalog offers ample design solutions that show you what CAN be done. After that, it's just a matter of software.

Or, if your signal of interest is 20 kHz or narrower, you merely need to convert it to baseband and feed it to your sound card. There's a lot of amateur DSP software available. And again, if you have a lot of money to throw at the problem, there's also MatLab for developing your own DSP software.

And -- the modulation characteristics and core DSP source routines to match those characteristics are freely available on the Internet if you are a diligent searcher. Programming in C is an advantage here. If you choose to explore this avenue, you'll soon find that having a stereo input sound card opens up a huge new world of capabilities.

Most of them beyond the scope of HF SSB, CW, or PSK31.

Jim N6OTQ


The PC as a lab instrument

Ashhar Farhan
 

i have been quitely following hans' travails on rec.radio.amateur.homebrew
with his digital counter experiments. i dug out a counter from my junk
box. it consists of just a 74HC4020. the output of the fed to the sound
card of my PC. on the PC i wrote an application to count the zero
crossings and multiply the result by 1024. it gave a rough indication of
where my VFOs were. the counting took a second. but it is a rough and
ready instrument. like most amateur intrumentation. but that brings us to
an often overlooked piece of equipment that is present in almost every
shack. the PC.

i know that a number of us cannot live without spice. i haven't figured
out how to use it. but for many of us, designs do start with spice. "can i
spice it?" is a regular refrain on the net. a number of excellent design
tools written by hams are useful around the home lab. i use a large number
of small code snippets to calculate inductances and capacitances from a
test oscillator's frequency readout.

another useful application of the PC is as spectrum analyser workng at
audio frequencies. while this may not seem much at first glance, if you
feed the output of direct conversion receiver to the PC's sound card and
run a DSP software on it, it turns into a fairly useful measurement. for
instance, you can evaluate the crystal filters, tune the front-ends etc. a
half unfinished project at my shack is a spectrum analyser that uses this
principle.

the PC is a powerful a DSP as you can hope to own. the problem is in
getting signals in and out of it. the only available means of doing it is
via audio (baseband). i have used a PC based scope too. but that is a
costly option. costlier than the PC itself. but it might be interesting to
see how useful can the ordinary PC become by strapping some home made
circutis around it.

does anybody have more stories about using PCs in the home lab?

- farhan


Re: BITX20, 40 or 75 M versions? (fwd)

Hans Summers
 

Very interesting ideas.

On the subject of VFO's, one addition I am going to make at some point on my
rig is a Huff Puff stabiliser. You can see my version, and read much of what
has been written about the Huff Puff stabiliser technique since it was
developed by PA0SDB in 1973, visit my page
. A year or two ago I
spent a day in the Science Museum / Imperial College library in London (I am
an ex-IC student in fact!). I had all the RSGB RadCom's bought up from the
archives on a trolley, and went through and photocopied all the original
articles and follow up. RSGB have given me permission to reproduce them on
my website. All that remains is to find the time to scan them etc. In any
case, these early articles are of historical interest but in practice you
will want to read the more recent articles if you are intending to build a
stabiliser. Again, the components are simple logic IC's and should be
reasonably easy to source.

On the BITX20@..., you will see that
Hans Summers (www.hanssummers.com) has a binary counter made
of two 74HC4040s. This seems ideal to me. I have avoided it
from the basic design to keep the construction challenge low.
I personally use my lab frequency counter along with my
transceiver for frequency spotting. I keep the counter
separate because i found that unless they are well sheilded,
the counter tend to generate a lot of noise that back
couples from the VFO into the receiver front-end.
My counter uses one 74HC4060 and one 74HC4040, not two 74HC4040. The
74HC4060 is used for the timebase because of its onboard crystal oscillator.
The URL is: . All these
components should be easily obtainable anywhere. Here in the UK the
component cost is about ?2. The old CMOS 4060 and 4040 should work just as
well, but the maximum count frequency will be lower. At the BITX20's VFO
frequency, old CMOS implementation would be fine.

I am in frequent correspondence with Onno PA2OHH who designed the original
3-chip version of the counter , which
inspired my modified and even simpler version. We have been sharing ideas on
the counters, a nice collaboration. He is currently performing some very
interesting experiments with a 74HC390 dual decade counter instead of the
74HC4040. With the 74HC4040 the LED's indicate 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1,
0.5KHz. You get good practice at reading binary. With a 74HC390 it is easy
to obtain a different sequence: 80, 40, 20, 10 and 8, 4, 2, 1. The LED's can
be arranged in two columns of 4, one to indicate 10's of KHz and one to
indicate KHz. The mental arithmetic is faster and easier, but the resolution
of the counter worsens from 0.5KHz to 1KHz.

Note though that the intensity of the least significant LED acts as a kind
of analogue frequency indication, which makes it possible to estimate the
frequency to better the resolution by a factor of 2. For example in my
design if the LED is half brightness, it is possible to estimate that the
frequency being measured is xx,xxx,250 Hz.

Another advantage of the 74HC390 version is that it does not require the
100-count detect gate (3 diodes + resistor), nor OR'ing this 100-reset
signal onto the reset pin (2 diodes + resistor). Thereby eliminating a
further 7 components from the design (5 diodes, 2 resistors).

I have installed my Mk1 simple 2-chip frequency counter in the front panel
of my BITX20 and marked the tuning dial 14.0, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 and 14.35. My
readout is now accurate using the dial for 100KHz accuracy and the counter
to read 0 to 99.5KHz. I have not yet debugged my rig so I can't yet be sure
how much effect it has on the rig. There is an on/off switch for the counter
so that it could be used to read the frequency then disabled. At the present
time I hear hiss in my headphones and a faint tone at about 1KHz (the
frequency of the pulse-width-modulated LED's) when the volume is at full.
But the counter has no shielding yet. I will report further results as and
when I have time to progress the project.

Another interesting observation: In my 80/40m polyphase receiver
I have installed my
8-digit frequency counter

as well as a 24-hour clock
. The counter
and clock are both built in screened boxes made from PCB stock, and they
each have an inductor in series with their power supply. Both of them
pulse-width modulate the LED displays to eliminate LED series resistor. Duty
cycle is 1 in 6 if I remember correctly. Both the clock and the counter have
their own on/off switches because I was worried about digital noise getting
into the receiver. But during extensive use I have never found it necessary
to switch off the counter or the clock, since they appear to contribute
nothing at all to the receiver noise floor apart from possibly the
occasional and very faint birdie. But even this I have been unable to
conclusively prove to myself.

Use of low current LED's in the 2-chip simple frequency counter and lower
duty cycle (I use 1 : 64) helps noise, because it means the power supply
smoothing is much more effective (all other things being equal). I am
currently trying (with only limited success) to source a 16 or 32KHz crystal
(yes KHz not MHz) to replace the 4.096MHz crystal in the counter, which I
hope will reduce the power consumption even more. For the fun of it I am
going to build a miniature version using one of the tiny 6mm long
cylindrical 32KHz crystals and surface-mount 74HC4060 and 74HC390.
Surface-mount, but "ugly" not on a PCB. I hope it will be about the size of
a postage stamp, and a few mm thick, with current consumption < 1.5mA.
Rather an extreme project and not recommended. But I do definitely recommend
the counter design, use more real-world size components!

73 Hans G0UPL


Re: BITX20, 40 or 75 M versions? (fwd)

Ashhar Farhan
 

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2004 10:22:26 +0530
From: Ashhar Farhan <computercorp@...>
To: arvevans@...
Cc: farhan@...
Subject: RE: BITX20, 40 or 75 M versions?

dear arv,

you have spent a great deal thinking about the design and the possiblities.
it is wonderful to see that amongst us the natural need to push the envelope
is well and alive.

when i had declared to W7ZOI that the design is frozen, he was skeptical and
hopeful at once. he said, wait until someone decides to do things with it
that you hadn't even thought of. i guess the idea of an 'open source' design
like BITX20 is that you have a simple basic design that invites adaptation
and evolution.

very interesting points, you raised. let me give you my side of the story on
these:

(1) One could just change the frequency of the VFO and front-end
coils as you mentioned, but also the actual IF frequency could be changed
to minimize the possibility of 'birdies' from unwanted frequency mixing,
and to take advantage of whatever crystals were available cheaply for the
individual builder.
I didn't want to stray away from 10MHz crystals as they seem to be the
cheapest and most universally available of the lot. An interesting variation
is that you can use a 10.7MHz standard filter and the same VFO will cover 20
and 40 meter bands. Only the RF preselectors need to be switched.


(2) Use of an FET for the VFO as you mentioned in the web page is
also interesting, but the sometimes inexpensive availability of DDS chips
might make a digitally tunable unit possible for some hams (see SM0VPO's
simple frequency synthesizer for another cost effective approach).
this design was made primarily for Indian hams (although i dont know of any
who have started to build this in india yet). DDS chips are hard to come by.
The entire transceiver costs about 10 dollars to build in india. the DDS
chip costs much more.

this brings me to the issue of DDS. My personal taste is for purely analog
designs. It is a very personal choice. I spend most of my time writing voice
over IP software which is wholly digitally. For me radio is a way of getting
away from it all. I would rather spend the evening tempurature compensating
a low noise FET VFO rather than fight a noisy DDS. But again, it is a purely
personal choice. I have seen some pretty good cleaning PPL loops around a
basic DDS. If any, I am inclined to implement a Huff and Puff stabilizer for
the VFO as a add-on.

(3) A cheap microprocessor employed as a frequency counter (with
binary LEDs or 7-segment displays) would add digital readout capability.
On the BITX20@..., you will see that Hans Summers
(www.hanssummers.com) has a binary counter made of two 74HC4040s. This seems
ideal to me. I have avoided it from the basic design to keep the
construction challenge low. I personally use my lab frequency counter along
with my transceiver for frequency spotting. I keep the counter separate
because i found that unless they are well sheilded, the counter tend to
generate a lot of noise that back couples from the VFO into the receiver
front-end.

(4) Adding a dual op-amp to the transmit audio section could provide
some speech compression and/or audio filtering. I wonder if the same
compression and/or filtering could be applied to the receive audio with a
positive result? If obtaining a dual op-amp was problematic for some
builders, a couple of transistors could also be employed as a compression
circuit, and two more could be used for the speech filter.
the primary filtering is provided by the 10 MHz filter. that is why, the
modulator is so sparse. i think two back to back diodes could clip the RF to
provide better throughput. The trouble with this approach is that you will
have to switch this off for CW and PSK31 to preserve the gaussian shaping of
these keyed modes.

(5a) Conversion of the unit to include CW capability looks fairly
simple at first glance. Three options come to mind from just looking at
the schematic: (one) upset the balanced modulator via a keyed transistor
to load one side of it, or (two) use the key to drive a transistor switch
that bypassed some RF around the balanced modulator, or (three) key a
sinewave tone generator into the microphone input circuit. The latter
method seems more in keeping with the simplicity of the original design.
just upsetting the modulator balance might not give you a full carrier as
the carrier oscillator is set to the edge of the filter. a better idea might
be to add a sidetone audio oscillator and inject it into the audio amplifier
as well as the modulator. probably you can get the mic amplifier oscillating
with an RC feedback circuit.

(5b) Adding CW sidetone might involve leaving the receive audio
circuit powered up when transmitting CW and injecting sidetone audio to
that section. CW sidetone could be switched by the keying circuit, or by
detecting a small sample of the RF output and using that to "key" the
sidetone oscillator.
let me confess, most of my personal operating of BITX20 has been on CW and
PSK31. not ssb. I use a morse generating program running on my thinkpad feed
into the mic input of the BITX20. i do this because it allows to be leave
the BITX20 running at the other end of the table and continue my mng qth
work (i telecommute to work. my 'office' is a server in an underground
dungeon of rackspace in boston). if i hear an interesting station on CW, i
just have to switch windows and start a ragchew.

(6) Adding VOX capability could be accomplished by sending some of
the transmit audio to an amplifier, rectifier, and relay driver that
operated a small relay to replace the manual DPDT you used in the original
design. Anti-VOX circuitry would not be necessary if the ham were using
headphones instead of speaker for reception, or it could be added in the
form of a properly phased audio cross-over from received signal to the VOX
circuit.
i now have a two relays working in my own build. i control it through the
serial port of the my thinkpad. the thinkpad is programmed to do a lot of
things including run an AGC, generate morse, VOX and a bit of voice
compression. the code is messy and patchy. i will post this as soon as i get
some time from my mng qth.

(7) If one added CW capability and wanted QSK there are several
options for adding this function: (one) a CW sidetone could be injected
into an abreviated VOX circuit to operate a change-over relay, (two) The
key could simply operate a relay driver so that a small DPDT relay
performed the keying (use a hold-over timer to keep relay chatter to a
minimum), and (three) a more complex transistorized RX/TX switching scheme
could be devised to replace the manual DPDT PTT switch.

(8) If obtaining the LM386 audio amp were a problem for some BITX
builders, a comparable audio amplifier can be fabricated using a NPN & PNP
pair, driven by another NPN. About 1/4 watt of audio is available this
way...plenty for headphones or a small speaker.
quite true. and i should have done this. too lazy to solder an audio amp
together. there is one in the first chapter of EMRFD. i think i will post
that circuit on the site.

A BITX for 75 M also seems logical for US hams because a significant amount
of ragchewing contacts take place on that band. This could provide a
daytime local coverage method that augments today's use of 2 Meters for
local coverage.
Yes, 75M is too noisy in the tropics. In europe and usa, it seems to be the
preferred local band. plus, the indian cities are too congested for a 75M
antenna. 75M would mean using VFO at 13.5MHz or at 6.5MHz. If is always
preferable to have your VFO running on the higher side of the IF to reduce
the birdies but stability threatens. At 13.5MHz, you could use a VCO with a
10 turn pot to for tuning.


Since I also play around on the US LF band (the Lowfers group) the thought
occurred regarding a possible BITX for 160 KHz through 190 KHz. After I
get some experience with converting your design to 40 Meters I may try a
Lowfer version.
<Each band will require a different set of coils. If you have worked out
a
set, do send us the details. this information needs to be deciminated.

Thanks again for your reply and assistance. Your contribution of the BITX
design to Ham Radio is much appreciated. The layout represents an elegant
approach to a sometimes complex set of problems in the design and
construction of inexpensive but fully functional ham radio equipment. Have
you considrered starting your own company in India to construct and market
your designs? I suspect there might be a worldwide market for either kit
form or fully assembled single-band SSB transceivers if one could keep the
cost at a reasonable level. Your design also seems like a logical radio
component for interfacing with PSK-31, packet radio, or other computer
supported communication modes.
thanks for the kind words. i think far lesser credit should really be
attributed to me. most of these circuit blocks came off standard works like
Solid State Design and Experimental Methods in RF Design. W7ZOI gave me a
huge lot of encouragment and advice on making the rig better. For instance,
having a triple tuned circuit on the input was a small but very important
change (two capacitors and a coil) that remarkably improved the overall
receiver performance and transmission purity.

om hans summers has been an exceptional organiser who is marshalling us all
to gather together and get on with soldering. he is organising for
components, people and places. i am trying to source him with some key
components that are very cheaply available in india. thanks for dropping in
the email and do stay in touch.

73s,
- farhan


Thanks again & 73's

Arv
_._

-----Original Message-----
From: Ashhar Farhan <computercorp@...>
Sent: Jun 23, 2004 1:39 AM
To: arvevans@...
Subject: RE: BITX20, 40 or 75 M versions?

dear arv,

join up BITX20 group at . it is a forum of the
BITX20
builders.

No, as of now, i dont know anyone who has attempted to build it for 40
meters. but i dont see any reason why it should not work at 40Ms. i am
personally interested in a 40 meter version as most of the local ragchew is
on 40 in india.

it is a simple matter of substituting the RF filter and changing the VFO
coil to get it going to 40 meters.

- farhan




______________________________________
Ashhar Farhan
71, Huda Heights, MLA Colony,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad.
INDIA 500034.
Phone - +91-40-23314077
______________________________________


From: arvevans@...
Reply-To: arvevans@...
To: computercorp@...
Subject: BITX20, 40 or 75 M versions?
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 2004 22:58:50 -0600 (GMT-06:00)

Mr. Ashhar Farhan

Has your BITX20 design ever been built as a 40 Meter or 75 Meter version?
I am considering attempting a 40 M model, and if that goes well maybe one
for 75 M. If anybody else has already done this I would be interested in
contacting them to see what results they had.

Thanks,

Arv - K7HKL
-<arvevans@...>-
_________________________________________________________________
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Re: More components

Bruce Raymond
 

开云体育

I realize that I'm late getting into the group.? Jameco ()
has 10 MHz, 50 ppm crystals for $0.69/10, $0.59/100+, $0.49/1000.? I think
that corresponds to 0,38 L/10, 0,32 L/100, and 0,27 L/1000 (I don't have a
symbol for British pounds on my keyboard).
?
Hans, you're going beyond the line of duty to take on the ordering task.? If
there's some assistance you need from the US side of the pond I'm willing to
help.
?
73,
Bruce Raymond/ND8I
?
?

-----Original Message-----
From: Hans Summers [mailto:Hans.Summers@...]
Sent: Wednesday, June 23, 2004 12:05 PM
To: 'BITX20@...'
Subject: [BITX20] More components


The two extra sets are already accounted for! Seems I should have bought
more spares, but I didn't really want to be stuck with components and be
unable to do anything with them.

I can get more sets, but without the savings from getting 10+, 25+ and 100+
prices on some items, the price would be ?11.64 + postage (compared to ?8.19
for this bulk-purchased set). Alternatively, tell me you're interested and
we'll wait say until next Wednesday same time (13:00 UK time) and see how
many orders arrive. Perhaps get some quantity discounts again, if there are
enough more people interested. What do people think?

And if anyone needs any particular component and can't source it locally
(e.g. IRF510 being sent to Baino in Singapore) then I can sort that out for
you too, just email me.

72/3 de Hans G0UPL