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Re: Sanity Check On Bandpass Duplexer Tuning
1. Unharness all cavitiesThat's the only one you got right ? After unharnessing, the first thing you do is set the coupling to the desired or spec¡¯ed insertion loss. For a bandpass cavity, each loop has to be set such that the return loss is identical in both directions (S11 and S22). As you adjust loop coupling, the resonant frequency is going to move around, so you have to do this first, not late in the game. Also, the return loss is going to vary with coupling. The tighter the coupling, the less insertion loss there will be, and the better the return loss will be. As you loosen the coupling, the insertion loss goes up (and so does the Q), and return loss degrades. A properly-operating bandpass cavity will typically yield 20 dB of return loss when the coupling is set for 1 dB of insertion loss ¨C you can use that as a sanity check. At the risk of repeating myself, it is imperative that S11 and S22 be identical. If you don¡¯t have a VNA to do this, you¡¯re going to spend/waste a lot of time swapping cables around and going back and forth between the two loops iteratively until you get it right. So, unless you know that somebody has messed with the coupling, or if you see S11 <> S22, you may not need to even touch the coupling. Once the coupling is set, then you tune them for the frequency of interest based on the best return loss. The harness everything back together and check that it makes spec. If everything was done correctly, and the cable lengths are correct, you should not need to do any "touching up". 6. Set notches on each passHow would you have notches in a bandpass duplexer??!?!? --- Jeff WN3A -- This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. www.avast.com |
Re: LDG dealer in Canada?
¿ªÔÆÌåÓý
Hello Pierre
well they tolded me that the YT100 is no longer available.
yes i saw that their shipping cost for Quebec is,,,,,high! very high just like if we were living in the jungle!
i will check with DX but i add bad experiences buying South ,,i will check
73?
thanks,merci de l'info
Gervais ve2ckn
its for my old R5 that is over the garage here and some friends want me back on hf
De : [email protected] <[email protected]> de la part de Pierre Martel <petem001@...>
Envoy¨¦ : 7 novembre 2022 19:36 ? : [email protected] <[email protected]> Objet : Re: [repeater-builder] LDG dealer in Canada? ?
Hi Gervais, I won't?be very friendly with what Hugo just told you, Yes RW do sell them but they charge so high for both the radio and delivery that I prefer to order my stuff from DX engineering in the US, it cost me less AND they have it in
stock most of the time.?
I have both LDG-200ProII and LDG-1000ProII?
I use them with my IC-7600 and my IC-7300 with my lamp amplifier.?
My antenna can be a DX-LB+ 160-10 meter dipole, my Zero-Five 43 foot vertical or my 160-10 Butternut vertical all of those antenna have spots where?a simple internal tuner won't?tune, I have only once found a spot where the tuner did not work and it was
when my dipole broke at the coax connector.?
Hope this will help you with your purchase?
Pierre
VE2PF
Le?dim. 6 nov. 2022 ¨¤?18:52, Gervais Fillion <ve2ckn2@...> a ¨¦crit?:
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Re: Sanity Check On Bandpass Duplexer Tuning
Have you watched the tuning video from Sinclair that I sent to you before?
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Mick - W7CAT ----- Original Message -----
From: "Jared Smudde" To: [email protected] Sent: Monday, November 07, 2022 06:02:18 PM Subject: [repeater-builder] Sanity Check On Bandpass Duplexer Tuning I was wondering if I could get a quick sanity check/feedback on how Igo about tuning Bandpass duplexers. Some recent follies have had me questioning whether I'm doing it right. and go cavity by cavity, tuning each cavity for best return loss * Normalize all cables and hook up to each individual cavity forinsertion loss, adjust loops for desired insertion loss if applicable, set notches * Harness up all cavitiespass for best return loss? That's what I normally I do but while working on a duplexer, it was said not to touch the pass tuning after harnessing back up. But if I don't, I'm wasting insertion loss and return loss match and some performance.* * Set notches on each pass-- Untitled Document |
Re: Occupied bandwidth - (was Windows 7 config)
I also share the concerns about hotspots, new users, and those who want to build a repeater when all they have for test equipment is free DMM from Harbor Freight.
?
However, a few may discover a passion for RF and want to 'learn the ropes' - hopefully, with real study, not by watching a 2-minute youtube video.??
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For those folks and a lot of other amateurs and professionals, bandwidth is a topic they haven't had much experience with.? Mostly we use commercial gear and trust that the manufacturer took care of it.
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The repeater builder site and this discussion list are the pre-eminent resource to shine a light into these dark corners.
?
In that interest, let's talk about bandwidth in the context of channel spacing, bandplans, and frequency coordination.
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First - occupied bandwidth [OBW]
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Occupied bandwidth is a regulatory requirement that is specified for equipment in some regions, such as the USA. [47CFR2.202(a) & 47CFR2.1049]
It is defined by the ITU-R as a maximum bandwidth, outside of which emissions do not exceed a certain percentage of the total emissions such as 1% - in other words, the OBW contains 99% of the total power.?
Thus, the 99% occupied bandwidth is the frequency bandwidth such that, below its lower and above its upper frequency limits, the mean powers radiated are each equal to 0.5 percent of the total mean power radiated by a given emission. ?
There is also the term Authorized BW which is the maximum bandwidth that the modulation is allowed to occupy. This is essentially a reduction in the Channel Spacing
for example, for 15khz channel spacing the authorized bandwidth is 11.25 kHz
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Then, there is the bandwidth indicated by the emission designator.? For analog FM it is determined by Carson's rule based on a single 3 kHz frequency causing the indicated peak deviation.
?
Thus, for Analog FM (5.0 kHz peak deviation)?
?
Emissions designator: 16K0F3E?
Occupied bandwidth:? 12.59 kHz
Authorized bandwidth: 20 kHz (25 or 30 kHz channel spacing)
?
Accumulating a peak hold trace on a spectrum analyzer will certainly tell a lot about a transmitter's bandwidth utilization, but, in fact - OBW is a defined concept with a specified measurement procedure.
The actual measurement procedure uses a transmitter test pattern comprised of two tones, one at 650 Hz and another at 2,200 Hz The goal is to simulate normal modulation for generating adjacent channel power data. ?
So, if we know the OBW of a transmitter do we know how well it will play with neighbors (i.e. adjacent channels)?
?
Not really!? 99% of the power seems like it wouldn't leave enough to be a problem.? How much trouble can be caused by a half percent on either side?? Maybe a lot.
?
1% is actually just -20 dBc so 1/2% is -23 dBc. If we have 100 watts, -23dBc is a half watt.? If that half watt is in the neighbor's receiver passbband - how much trouble could we cause with a half watt into a DB224?
?
Hmmm.? There must be a better way.? There is.? More on that next time. |
Sanity Check On Bandpass Duplexer Tuning
I was wondering if I could get a quick sanity check/feedback on how I go about tuning Bandpass duplexers. Some recent follies have had me questioning whether I'm doing it right.
What's the proper method here or what are people's thoughts on this? |
Re: LDG dealer in Canada?
Hi Gervais, I won't?be very friendly with what Hugo just told you, Yes RW do sell them but they charge so high for both the radio and delivery that I prefer to order my stuff from DX engineering in the US, it cost me less AND they have it in stock most of the time.? I have both LDG-200ProII and LDG-1000ProII? I use them with my IC-7600 and my IC-7300 with my lamp amplifier.? My antenna can be a DX-LB+ 160-10 meter dipole, my Zero-Five 43 foot vertical or my 160-10 Butternut vertical all of those antenna have spots where?a simple internal tuner won't?tune, I have only once found a spot where the tuner did not work and it was when my dipole broke at the coax connector.? Hope this will help you with your purchase? Pierre VE2PF Le?dim. 6 nov. 2022 ¨¤?18:52, Gervais Fillion <ve2ckn2@...> a ¨¦crit?:
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Quantar Audio Interfacing and Testing
Burt, K6OQK, started a topic named: "QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface"?
Since that topic has gotten lengthy and has drifted to related matters of user radios and mic settings, I thought it might be helpful to have a new topic that simply addresses the Quantar itself. ?
One thing Burt said that deserves discussion is: "Regarding two-way radio, pre and de-emphasis is always a compromise,?as there really is no common standard and each manufacturer seems to have their own standard.??
?
That could be a true statement if Burt had said: "Regarding amateur VHF/UHF transceivers" but to say: "Regarding two-way radio...",? That's just not so.
Real two-way radios intended for commercial and public safety applications comply with a precisely defined TIA standard.
?
For example, regarding transmitters it says:
?
Audio Frequency Response,? Definition:
The audio frequency response is the degree of closeness to which the frequency deviation of the transmitter follows a prescribed characteristic.
The audio frequency response from 300 Hz to 3000 Hz shall not vary more than +1dB or -3 dB from a true 6 dB per octave pre-emphasis characteristic as referenced to
the 1000 Hz level.?
?
a) An additional 6 dB per octave attenuation is allowed from 2500 Hz to 3000 Hz in equipment operating in the 25 MHz to 869 MHz range.
b) An additional 6 dB per octave rolloff is allowed from 2300 Hz to 2700 Hz, and an additional 12 dB per octave is allowed from 2700 Hz to 3000 Hz, in equipment operating in the 896 MHz to 940 MHz range, and all narrowband (12.5 kHz and 15 kHz channelization) equipment.
?
Then Dan Woodie stated: "I would suggest that Quantar and other repeaters of similar performance ARE the industry standard."
?
True.? The Quantar definitely follows the industry standard.? Attached is an image of a test I ran on a UHF Quantar running release 14
The test was conducted using the TIA Constant Input Test Method from 300 Hz to 3000 Hz.? Instruments used were a Tektronix AM700 audio analyzer and an Aeroflex 2975 as a test receiver.
?
The image shows the measured frequency response of the Quantar transmitter from the line one input and also shows the TIA limits. |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
VOX on a mobile isn't much worse than being a school bus driver (Catholic school kindergarten kids, in this case), having someone cut you off and you have to hit the brakes *HARD*. "Sister Mary.? What does $#@-&€?? mean?? The bus driver said it."? :-) Fortunately, the bus was noisy and I only muttered? $#@-&€? under?my breath, so no one heard me. Eric WB6TIX On Mon, Nov 7, 2022, 12:10 Burt K6OQK <biwa@...> wrote: Especially when someone cuts you off! |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
At 11/7/2022 10:44 AM, you wrote:
Also the QYT I caved in and got does not either.It truly is hit & miss w.r.t. actual mic gain adjustments on amateur transceivers. The original Tempo S1 HT had one, but none of its successors did. The Alinco DR-135/235/435s also have one, but I don't think the HTs of the same era did. AFAIK none of the Baofeng UV-5R variants or TYT analog HTs have mic gain adjustments either. Bob NO6B |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
Also the QYT I caved in and got does not either.
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Just VOX...(VOX on a mobile? That's nuts.) On 11/7/2022 12:33 PM, Brian Swann n1bs wrote:
My Chinese Anytone 868 dual band DMR portable has mic gain, 5 levels I believe, accessible in the setup menu. I think the TYT DMR radios have it too, but I haven't checked lately. |
Re: R1225 Ribbon Cable set
Jeremy,
? ?If you cannot find a set of ribbon cables for the R1225 control head, consider using the control head off a GM300 or similar radio instead. The 300's head will work to program and operate the basic repeater channel display, status LED's and speaker if you don't have a control head or ribbon cables to a factory head. I carry a spare GM300 front control head just for the purpose of maintaining R1225 based LTR trunk channels in case I were to need to reprogram or work on one. As a general rule, many shops would never leave control heads on R1225's so there's nothing to be touched and nobody there to look at it under normal operation in a vault room anyways. Hope this tip helps you out, Rick w6re |
Re: Occupied bandwidth - (was Windows 7 config)
Are we becoming TOO TRUSTING??? I remember all these CB shops that would charge people money to build sound effect and noise
makers, and rip the modulation limiter out of the radio and tweak the drive and final stages to make 10 Watts (1000 bird watts) by moving the stage from class B to class Crackhead.? More "Bird watts" splatter and harmonics and make the customer sound like an AH so everyone on the band would hunt them down for a Molotov cocktail party or a drive-by shooting.? I hear the cartels are full encrypted linked trunked systems now, so maybe we have been bypassed. Oh well, back to building my gigawatt spark gap transmitter.? Cant wait. Kirrrrrch Kik Kirrrrrrch Kik????? Kirrrrch Kirrrrch Kik Kirrrrrrrrrrrrch!!!! True democracy is allowing every mentally impaired person the right to self-actualize, destroy everything, kill their neighbors and eat them. |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
¿ªÔÆÌåÓýMy Chinese Anytone 868 dual band DMR portable has mic gain, 5 levels I believe, accessible in the setup menu. I think the TYT DMR radios have it too, but I haven't checked lately. Brian n1bs On Mon, Nov 7, 2022 at 12:28 PM Jim Barbour <wd8chl@...> wrote: Well, None of my kenwoods do. F6, G71, G707. No mic gain. --
Amateur call: n1bs Brian Swann |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
Well, None of my kenwoods do. F6, G71, G707. No mic gain.
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I stand by my statement-mic gain on an average made-for-ham rig is rare, and usually reserved for radios that have AM/SSB/CW. Wide/narrow is not mic gain. VOX gain is not mic gain. Etc. On 11/7/2022 12:19 PM, wj9jrg wrote:
Almost ALL of the new Yaesu handhelds have a mic gain adjustment. ? Even my 20 year old VX-6R has a 1-10 mic gain adjustment.?? And it does work. |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
At 11/7/2022 03:33 AM, you wrote:
Well, I guess Yaesu's manuals need to be corrected/clarified then.There are two IF filters for the left (A) band, one for wide (5 kHz) FM & one for narrow (2.5 kHz): CF1002 & CF1003. The right (B) side only has one (CF1001). Bob NO6B |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
Almost ALL of the new Yaesu handhelds have a mic gain adjustment. ? Even my 20 year old VX-6R has a 1-10 mic gain adjustment.?? And it does work. Andy On Mon, Nov 7, 2022 at 12:09 PM jb via <ssnova64=[email protected]> wrote: Ya, I have an 8500 and a 8100 and any mic gain must be done by modifying the mic itself.? I remember trying everything |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
Ya, I have an 8500 and a 8100 and any mic gain must be done by modifying the mic itself.? I remember trying everything
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to try to change the PotatoHead hollow mic audio or how to hold it just right.? I finally wound up using the optional mic to actually talk on it. The Wid/Nar changes the dev.? Another menu item changes channel spacing for programming. The RCVR only has one bandwidth. There are internal adjustments for VCO tuning and an alignment routine for things like REF OSC and Deviation for each band. Service manual is fat with color board patterns and schematics. A lot of newer radios have some kind adjustment for gain.? Get the Service manuals if you want to know whats inside. The User manuals are usually front panel operational. On Mon, Nov 7, 2022 at 03:34 AM, Chuck Kelsey wrote: Well, I guess Yaesu's manuals need to be corrected/clarified then. |
Re: QUANTAR VHF Audio Interface...
¿ªÔÆÌåÓýWell, I guess Yaesu's manuals need to be corrected/clarified then.Menu #43 [WID.NAR] says: Function: Reducing the MIC Gain (and Deviation). I totally understand what you are saying, but best I can tell, setting this menu item to narrow does nothing to change the bandwidth of the radio's receiver, so it is not true narrow band. I only see a single IF filter in the schematic, unlike commercial radios where I've seen two. I can guarantee if a user sets this function to narrow, in a wide-band system, their audio will be very low. I've seen this mistake happen before. Just sayin.... Chuck On 11/6/2022 11:16 PM, Jim Barbour
wrote:
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