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Re: Optimal Crystal Filter Design
Reg,
Your certainly right about the value of Donoho's introduction.? I can now think of Linear Programming as a method of dealing with problems where you have fewer equations than unknowns.
Thanks again,
Bruce
-----Original Message-----
From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 12:52 pm Subject: Re: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design Yes, I am talking about linear programming as developed by Dantzig in the late 40's for solving logistical problems for USAF. Lots of linear algebra, but quite a lot more. It is Traveling Salesman and family territory.
I consider the work by Donoho and Candes in 2004-2008 the biggest advance in applied mathematics since Wiener, Shannon et al. The paper linked below is the best description I know of. Unfortunately, this paper moves around a *lot*! The Introduction is all you need to read to grasp what it's about. The mathematics are the gnarliest stuff I ever read. In all I spent 3 years reading 3000 pages. But it is absolutely amazing what you can do. https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:qg769wc9289/2004-09.pdf Have Fun! Reg On Saturday, June 12, 2021, 02:38:17 PM CDT, ebrucehunter via groups.io <brucekareen@...> wrote:
Reg,
I apologize for this being off topic.?
I am afraid I cannot be of any help with the design of crystal filters as my only experience with them has been to use a resistance-loaded 100 MHz crystal to clean up sub-harmonics from a multiplier.? However, when you mentioned "linear programming," a long standing question came to mind.? By linear programming are you referring to the methods utilized for business computations such as finding approximations to the Traveling Salesman problem?? Or you talking about linear algebra.
I was an engineer in an earlier life and later went back to school for a business degree.? There we learned to use linear programming methods -? first computational and graphical, then a computer program, to solve various business problems and to perform optimizations.? I never really understood the underlying theory behind these business methods as they did not involve matrices, yet the school I attended required competence in linear algebra and calculus for entry.
Regards,
Bruce, KG6OJI?
-----Original Message-----
From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected]; [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 11:41 am Subject: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N? xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values.
A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple.? And the nanoVNA has made it cheap.? This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible? section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response.? The general term for this is "basis pursuit".
Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming.? David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled,? even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible.
Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response?
Have Fun!
Reg
|
Re: Optimal Crystal Filter Design
I use the simplex solver in GLPK, the Gnu Linear Programming Kit with arbitrary precision arithmetic. I cannot recommend it more highly. Linear algebra is the means. The difference just is the problem formulation. GLPK is incredibly robust and reliable. I stumbled into this inverting, with spectacular results, the heat equation via basis pursuit to analyze fluid flow in porous media. Then one day I realized I'd been taught this was impossible. I *had* to understand how this was possible. Boy, was I in trouble! I understand how to do this. I'm asking because I don't want to reinvent the wheel. Before I do it, I want to investigate if it's been done. If it has, I'll evaluate that to see what else might be needed. I'm used to working on other people's code. If not, I'll write a program to generate the GMPL input files with equations and the xtal data. It's been several years, but if I figured it out once, I can do it again. GMPL is a variant of AMPL. Similar, but not exactly the same. The basic problem is an iterated multiplication, aka Shah function. That can be treated via linear programming as the sum of logarithms. I'd like to point out that selecting sets of N xtals from P xtals to make a set of M filters that gives the best average performance is not a big step. The cost is really just machine time, which is very cheap. This has value far beyond xtal filters. If incoming test is necessary, this is a general solution to optimizing small batch production where tolerances matter. Have Fun! Reg On Saturday, June 12, 2021, 05:11:12 PM CDT, ebrucehunter via groups.io <brucekareen@...> wrote: Thanks Reg, Perhaps the link you furnished will provide more insight.? I always felt there was a big gap between linear algebra,? and the linear programming used in business applications.? Because of complexity, the mathematical underpinnings of linear programming might not be covered in business courses.? I sense some professors teaching its use might not thoroughly understand what is going on either. Regards, Bruce, KG6OJI -----Original Message----- From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 12:52 pm Subject: Re: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design Yes, I am talking about linear programming as developed by Dantzig in the late 40's for solving logistical problems for USAF. Lots of linear algebra, but quite a lot more. It is Traveling Salesman and family territory. I consider the work by Donoho and Candes in 2004-2008 the biggest advance in applied mathematics since Wiener, Shannon et al. The paper linked below is the best description I know of. Unfortunately, this paper moves around a *lot*! The Introduction is all you need to read to grasp what it's about. The mathematics are the gnarliest stuff I ever read. In all I spent 3 years reading 3000 pages. But it is absolutely amazing what you can do. https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:qg769wc9289/2004-09.pdf Have Fun! Reg On Saturday, June 12, 2021, 02:38:17 PM CDT, ebrucehunter via groups.io <brucekareen@...> wrote: Reg, I apologize for this being off topic.? I am afraid I cannot be of any help with the design of crystal filters as my only experience with them has been to use a resistance-loaded 100 MHz crystal to clean up sub-harmonics from a multiplier.? However, when you mentioned "linear programming," a long standing question came to mind.? By linear programming are you referring to the methods utilized for business computations such as finding approximations to the Traveling Salesman problem?? Or you talking about linear algebra. I was an engineer in an earlier life and later went back to school for a business degree.? There we learned to use linear programming methods -? first computational and graphical, then a computer program, to solve various business problems and to perform optimizations.? I never really understood the underlying theory behind these business methods as they did not involve matrices, yet the school I attended required competence in linear algebra and calculus for entry. Regards, Bruce, KG6OJI? -----Original Message----- From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected]; [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 11:41 am Subject: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N? xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values. A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple.? And the nanoVNA has made it cheap.? This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible? section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response.? The general term for this is "basis pursuit". Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming.? David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled,? even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible. Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response? Have Fun! Reg |
Re: Optimal Crystal Filter Design
Thanks Reg,
Perhaps the link you furnished will provide more insight.? I always felt there was a big gap between linear algebra,? and the linear programming used in business applications.? Because of complexity, the mathematical underpinnings of linear programming might not be covered in business courses.? I sense some professors teaching its use might not thoroughly understand what is going on either.
Regards,
Bruce, KG6OJI
-----Original Message-----
From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 12:52 pm Subject: Re: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design Yes, I am talking about linear programming as developed by Dantzig in the late 40's for solving logistical problems for USAF. Lots of linear algebra, but quite a lot more. It is Traveling Salesman and family territory.
I consider the work by Donoho and Candes in 2004-2008 the biggest advance in applied mathematics since Wiener, Shannon et al. The paper linked below is the best description I know of. Unfortunately, this paper moves around a *lot*! The Introduction is all you need to read to grasp what it's about. The mathematics are the gnarliest stuff I ever read. In all I spent 3 years reading 3000 pages. But it is absolutely amazing what you can do. https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:qg769wc9289/2004-09.pdf Have Fun! Reg On Saturday, June 12, 2021, 02:38:17 PM CDT, ebrucehunter via groups.io <brucekareen@...> wrote:
Reg,
I apologize for this being off topic.?
I am afraid I cannot be of any help with the design of crystal filters as my only experience with them has been to use a resistance-loaded 100 MHz crystal to clean up sub-harmonics from a multiplier.? However, when you mentioned "linear programming," a long standing question came to mind.? By linear programming are you referring to the methods utilized for business computations such as finding approximations to the Traveling Salesman problem?? Or you talking about linear algebra.
I was an engineer in an earlier life and later went back to school for a business degree.? There we learned to use linear programming methods -? first computational and graphical, then a computer program, to solve various business problems and to perform optimizations.? I never really understood the underlying theory behind these business methods as they did not involve matrices, yet the school I attended required competence in linear algebra and calculus for entry.
Regards,
Bruce, KG6OJI?
-----Original Message-----
From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected]; [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 11:41 am Subject: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N? xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values.
A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple.? And the nanoVNA has made it cheap.? This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible? section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response.? The general term for this is "basis pursuit".
Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming.? David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled,? even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible.
Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response?
Have Fun!
Reg
|
Re: Optimal Crystal Filter Design
Yes, I am talking about linear programming as developed by Dantzig in the late 40's for solving logistical problems for USAF. Lots of linear algebra, but quite a lot more. It is Traveling Salesman and family territory. I consider the work by Donoho and Candes in 2004-2008 the biggest advance in applied mathematics since Wiener, Shannon et al. The paper linked below is the best description I know of. Unfortunately, this paper moves around a *lot*! The Introduction is all you need to read to grasp what it's about. The mathematics are the gnarliest stuff I ever read. In all I spent 3 years reading 3000 pages. But it is absolutely amazing what you can do. https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:qg769wc9289/2004-09.pdf Have Fun! Reg On Saturday, June 12, 2021, 02:38:17 PM CDT, ebrucehunter via groups.io <brucekareen@...> wrote: Reg, I apologize for this being off topic.? I am afraid I cannot be of any help with the design of crystal filters as my only experience with them has been to use a resistance-loaded 100 MHz crystal to clean up sub-harmonics from a multiplier.? However, when you mentioned "linear programming," a long standing question came to mind.? By linear programming are you referring to the methods utilized for business computations such as finding approximations to the Traveling Salesman problem?? Or you talking about linear algebra. I was an engineer in an earlier life and later went back to school for a business degree.? There we learned to use linear programming methods -? first computational and graphical, then a computer program, to solve various business problems and to perform optimizations.? I never really understood the underlying theory behind these business methods as they did not involve matrices, yet the school I attended required competence in linear algebra and calculus for entry. Regards, Bruce, KG6OJI? -----Original Message----- From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected]; [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 11:41 am Subject: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N? xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values. A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple.? And the nanoVNA has made it cheap.? This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible? section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response.? The general term for this is "basis pursuit". Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming.? David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled,? even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible. Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response? Have Fun! Reg |
Re: Optimal Crystal Filter Design
Reg,
I apologize for this being off topic.?
I am afraid I cannot be of any help with the design of crystal filters as my only experience with them has been to use a resistance-loaded 100 MHz crystal to clean up sub-harmonics from a multiplier.? However, when you mentioned "linear programming," a long standing question came to mind.? By linear programming are you referring to the methods utilized for business computations such as finding approximations to the Traveling Salesman problem?? Or you talking about linear algebra.
I was an engineer in an earlier life and later went back to school for a business degree.? There we learned to use linear programming methods -? first computational and graphical, then a computer program, to solve various business problems and to perform optimizations.? I never really understood the underlying theory behind these business methods as they did not involve matrices, yet the school I attended required competence in linear algebra and calculus for entry.
Regards,
Bruce, KG6OJI?
-----Original Message-----
From: Reginald Beardsley via groups.io <pulaskite@...> To: [email protected]; [email protected] Sent: Sat, Jun 12, 2021 11:41 am Subject: [qex] Optimal Crystal Filter Design There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N? xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values.
A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple.? And the nanoVNA has made it cheap.? This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible? section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response.? The general term for this is "basis pursuit".
Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming.? David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled,? even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible.
Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response?
Have Fun!
Reg
|
Optimal Crystal Filter Design
There is quite a lot of literature and software for designing filters using idealized xtals, but so far as I can find, no one has presented selecting which N xtals from a set of P xtals will best match a specified N pole response. All the treatments I've found use the N xtals which most closely match the idealized design values.
A VNA makes measuring the phase and amplitude response of xtals very simple. And the nanoVNA has made it cheap. This suggests simply multiplying the transfer functions of each possible section and using linear programming to solve for the set of N of P xtals which most closely give the desired response. The general term for this is "basis pursuit". Though NP hard on the surface, in fact, the optimal (L0) choice can be computed in L1 time using linear programming. David Donoho of Stanford proved this in 2004. L0 is combinatorially intractable. L1 is more easily handled, even very large problems which would be combinatorially impossible. Does anyone know of prior work on selecting which of a set of measured xtals will most closely match the required amplitude and phase response? Have Fun! Reg |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
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On Mar 18, 2021, at 06:41, David Kirkby <drkirkby@...> wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
On Thu, 18 Mar 2021 at 10:28, Dave Daniel <kc0wjn@...> wrote:
? Might I suggest you try it again. They do move URLs around a bit. Try If not you might have to use a proxy server. But of the statistics I have seen, more papers are downloaded from the USA than any other country. |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
¿ªÔÆÌåÓýAt your suggestion I tried sci-hub awhile back and found that it does not work in the US. DaveD On Mar 18, 2021, at 04:31, David Kirkby <drkirkby@...> wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
On Wed, 17 Mar 2021 at 23:45, Reginald Beardsley via <pulaskite=[email protected]> wrote:
Why don¡¯t you just use sci-hub? Perhaps then do as I did - buy some bitcoin and make a donation to sci-hub. The thing that first made me buy bitcoin was a felt I really should make a donation to sci-hub, as it had provided me access to so many journals.? I don¡¯t feel guilty about using sci-hub since? a) Authors of articles receive no money? b) Reviewers receive no money. c) Publishers charge a fortune to distribute in a format that costs them relatively little.? If you disagree with the ethics of sci-hub, then you are not alone. But for me, I feel perfectly justified in using the service.?
Dave.? Dr. David Kirkby, Kirkby Microwave Ltd, drkirkby@... Telephone 01621-680100./ +44 1621 680100 Registered in England & Wales, company number 08914892. Registered office: Stokes Hall Lodge, Burnham Rd, Althorne, Chelmsford, Essex, CM3 6DT, United Kingdom |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
LoL! I was an ACM member for a good while, but eventually realized I *never* used the digital library I was paying them for. And the "Transactions" were such an exercise in buzzword bingo as to be laughable. My first contact with ACM was a solicitation to join. No qualifications needed. SEG required several years experience and references from members. I wrote a rather scathing commentary about "selling credentials" on the ACM form and put it in the postage paid envelope. On Wednesday, March 17, 2021, 07:05:35 PM CDT, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote: Definitely, only reason I'm a member at all is because work pays the dues and it looks good on your CV. And we have full institutional access. Otherwise, I wouldn't bother. I dropped ACM a long time ago, before graduating. Somehow they manage to be even more expensive than IEEE (while having a set of publications that interests me less). Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 04:45 PM, Reginald Beardsley wrote: At the IEEE *member* rate for papers that would make it uneconomic without institutional access. |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
Definitely, only reason I'm a member at all is because work pays the dues and it looks good on your CV. And we have full institutional access.
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Otherwise, I wouldn't bother. I dropped ACM a long time ago, before graduating. Somehow they manage to be even more expensive than IEEE (while having a set of publications that interests me less). Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 04:45 PM, Reginald Beardsley wrote: At the IEEE *member* rate for papers that would make it uneconomic without institutional access. |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
I'll look into that this weekend.
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Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 04:18 PM, Reginald Beardsley wrote: Sean, |
Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
¿ªÔÆÌåÓýYes, I agree. And I feel as if, having been an IEEE member for many decades, I should be afforded some sort of exception to the normal rules. While I was forcebly retired, I am still a practitioning engineer. Being cut off from these papers when I finally have the time to work through them seems perverted somehow. DaveD On Mar 17, 2021, at 19:09, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
My working practice as a research programmer was to pull from 20-50 papers in preparation. At the IEEE *member* rate for papers that would make it uneconomic without institutional access. Fortunately the Society of Exploration Geophysicists was a lot more enlightened. Membership provided full access without per paper charges. My current solution for IEEE is to drive 80 miles each way to use the UALR library system. I used to be an IEEE member, but I got disgusted and dropped them long before I dropped all the other societies. When my next to last client eliminated their library I found myself spending over $1500/yr for literature access. With 35+ publications it was a nightmare to maintain any sort of order. It breaks my heart to send it all to recycling, but I really have no choice. I'd rather have new books than old journals. The smart researchers such as David Donoho at Stanford, publish an internal report which is then submitted as a paper and put the report up on the Stanford website. Richard Baraniuk was forced to rewrite a Spectrum paper on the single pixel camera just to keep IEEE at bay. Truly disgusting. Dozens of professors were posting it as required reading for their courses and getting harassed by IEEE. Reg On Wednesday, March 17, 2021, 06:09:56 PM CDT, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote: Indeed. I would say that it stops being reasonable at all for very old work, such as the reference above. A journal from 1966 cannot be a source of revenue now; they ought to have a cut off age where the work becomes open access. But that would make too much sense! Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 04:02 PM, Dave Daniel wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
Sean, Would you post scans of those 4 pages in the Files section in a "Yagi-Uda" directory? There's a FORTRAN code by Morris. I'm still looking for his dissertation. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0616911 I'm going to see what I can get. It's currently not scanned, but DTIC and the other DoD archivists have been very helpful in the past. I'd love to see a coordinated effort to make stuff like EM-3333, the multiband dipole research done around 1970 into an organized archive and readily available. The ARRL Antenna Handbook discussion is quite lame in comparison. My entire day has been spent doing battle with a failing HP Z400 running Solaris 10 u8 which has been in near 24x7 service for 10 years. :-( I've been thinking about the conductors on elastic threads experiment. I need to make a couple of baluns so I can place a pair of dipoles at asymmetric distances from the ends and feed a step from an SD-24 into 1 dipole and monitor the other dipole with the 2nd channel. In the 1920's numerical methods were simply not possible, so how did they develop the concept? Have Fun! Reg On Wednesday, March 17, 2021, 05:40:22 PM CDT, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote: Indeed, and I think I have most of them in my library. Today, I had the foresight to grab both volumes of "Antenna Theory" from my office at work. Parasitic arrays are discussed in Volume 1, pp 402-406. Reference is made to a paper called "The Long Yagi-Uda Array" by R.J. Mailloux appearing in the IEEE Transactions on Antenna Propagation, Vol AP-14, pp 128-137, 1966 as well as "Optimization of the Yagi Array" by I.L. Morris, his doctoral dissertation from Harvard, 1965. Sean On Sun, Mar 14, 2021 at 03:12 PM, Dave Daniel wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
Indeed. I would say that it stops being reasonable at all for very old work, such as the reference above. A journal from 1966 cannot be a source of revenue now; they ought to have a cut off age where the work becomes open access. But that would make too much sense!
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Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 04:02 PM, Dave Daniel wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
¿ªÔÆÌåÓýNo, sharing documents from IEEE, ARRL and other organizations has always been verboten unless the document in question is specifically not copyrighted. And that is not unreasonable, even if it is maddening at times. I¡¯d rejoin IEEE and sign up for the AAP journals, but that still only gives limited access to the IEEE digital library. For a very well-to-do professional organization which purportedly claims to exist for the advancement of EE technology one would think that they would provide wider access to to the professional literature. Oracle used to provide general access, but I don¡¯t work for them anymore. DaveD On Mar 17, 2021, at 18:49, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
Bummer! And FYI for others, IEEE is watermarking stuff you download from them now. So take care if you plan to share, that it doesn't blow up in your face later. For that reason, I am not able to provide any material from IEEE even though I have access.
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Sean On Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 03:44 PM, Dave Daniel wrote:
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Re: "Projector of the Sharpest Beam of Electric Waves"
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On Mar 17, 2021, at 18:40, Sean Turner <[email protected]> wrote:
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