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Pigment Discovery in Rusted CDV 715 Geiger Counter


 

Text to follow..


 

After my recent experience analyzing yellow/orange pigments with XRF, I examined my rusted, painted CDV 715 Geiger counter. Years ago, I left batteries inside it, which caused severe corrosion. This not only created a hole in the casing but also broke off a loose??yellow metal fragment.??

XRF analysis of this yellow?fragment revealed iron (Fe), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), Titanium(Ti) and cadmium (Cd). Cadmium has historically been synonymous with yellow pigments (and still is to some extent today.Reflectance spectroscopy does not fully supports the presence of cadmium yellow pigment alone.??Probably a mixture of pigments.


Complex Pigment Blend .The paint is??likely a mixture of??lead chromate + cadmium yellow + titanium dioxide modified with zinc compounds for practical properties (e.g., corrosion resistance, opacity).

My caution regarding the yellow and orange paints (and their potential heavy metal content) is warranted and awareness of??risks in everyday items like ceramic cups??in street foods especially when traveling to regions where material safety standards may vary.

Travelling to Laos next week.

Hopefully can pick up Indochinite tektites next to??a waterfall.





On Thursday, March 20, 2025, 5:52 PM, taray singh via groups.io <sukhjez@...> wrote:

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That’s a pretty strong Pb. The Lb is almost as strong as the La and even showing the Lg

Dud

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of taray singh via groups.io
Sent: Thursday, March 20, 2025 2:56 AM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [XRF-Page-2] Pigment Discovery in Rusted CDV 715 Geiger Counter

?

After my recent experience analyzing yellow/orange pigments with XRF, I examined my rusted, painted CDV 715 Geiger counter. Years ago, I left batteries inside it, which caused severe corrosion. This not only created a hole in the casing but also broke off a loose??yellow metal fragment.??

XRF analysis of this yellow?fragment revealed iron (Fe), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), Titanium(Ti) and cadmium (Cd) Cadmium has historically been synonymous with yellow pigments (and still is to some extent today.Reflectance spectroscopy does not fully supports the presence of cadmium yellow pigment alone.??Probably a mixture of pigments.

?

Complex Pigment Blend .The paint is??likely a mixture of??lead chromate + cadmium yellow + titanium dioxide modified with zinc compounds for practical properties (e.g., corrosion resistance, opacity).

My caution regarding the yellow and orange paints (and their potential heavy metal content) is warranted and awareness of??risks in everyday items like ceramic cups??in street foods especially when traveling to regions where material safety standards may vary.

Travelling to Laos next week.

Hopefully can pick up Indochinite tektites next to??a waterfall.

?

?

?

On Thursday, March 20, 2025, 5:52 PM, taray singh via groups.io <sukhjez@...> wrote:

Text to follow..


 

Repeat??XRF Analysis of the Yellow Base of CD V-715 Geiger Counter:

1. Titanium

2. Chromium

3. Lead

4. Iron

5. No Cadmium Detected


Chemical Reactions of the earlier rusted piece:

- Dissolves in both weak and strong acids, producing a clear yellow solution.??

- Minor effervescence (bubbling) was observed.??

- No detectable hydrogen sulfide (H?S) odor ("rotten egg" smell), ruling out sulfide-containing compounds (e.g., cadmium sulfide).??


Additional Observations:

- Visible light transmittance analysis suggests the yellow pigment is chromium-based (e.g., lead chromate or chromium oxide).??

- The absence of H?S further supports the lack of cadmium sulfide pigment, aligning with??new XRF results.??

Comparison with CD V-750 Base Plate:

- The CD V-750 features a similar steel framework but includes a??tin coating on the inner surface, absent in the CD V-715.??

- Tin may act as a corrosion-resistant layer


Safety Implications:

- Lead exposure remains a critical concern, particularly for children and pregnant individuals, due to its neurotoxicity.??

- Vintage devices like these may pose risks if pigments delaminate, rust, or require repainting. Proper handling (e.g., gloves, avoiding abrasion) is essential.??

- Modern regulations now restrict lead and cadmium in paints, but older items like the CD V series?likely predate such safeguards.??

- While unrelated to school buses (which typically use safer modern pigments), this case underscores the importance of verifying pigment safety in all yellow-painted objects, especially antiques.??

Pics and files to follow?

Thanks?





On Saturday, March 22, 2025, 12:48 AM, taray singh via groups.io <sukhjez@...> wrote:

Correction?

The CDV715 is painted on both sides yellow.

CDV 750 ?bottom case?has got a??shiny inner??tin coat besides the outer yellow paint.

The pigment is a mixture Pb and Cd based compounds in the CDV 715

The rust has pushed up the pigment layer??making it more accessible to xrf

I can’t check on the ?intact?CDV715 cos too bulky and difficult to mount?

I believe both pigments are identical?

This is my opinion .




On Saturday, March 22, 2025, 12:18 AM, taray singh via groups.io <sukhjez@...> wrote:

Most likely iron case is tin plated ?responsible for the inner shine,The rust pushed the pigment up disintegrating the tin coat below.The Cd pigment becomes more prominent in the process?
The pigment is likely Pb and cadmium based .
Care when handling .




On Friday, March 21, 2025, 10:32 PM, taray singh via groups.io <sukhjez@...> wrote:

Lets compare with a shiny yellow CDV -750? bottom empty case.
Not rusted and? magnetic? suggesting a? painted iron alloy,
Xrf shot towards the outer yellow case
Both scans are? somewhat similar? but done under different physicochemical? states
Xrf show high lead? and Sn peak
Cd? barely visible ?Need longer count rate for confirmation.
I? believe? besides iron,the rest of the elements are from the?? yellow pigment
The rust has? changed the surface chemistry.
Let me know what is your opinion on this.
Never leave batteries behind,
Thanks


 

..and the yellow pigment dissolved in dil HCl in a quartz cuvette.
Pic as shown
Scanned under tungsten halogen light visible light spectroscopy
No UV transmission in this quartz cuvette detected
Perhaps the pigments have uv blocking properties or otherwise
Oxalic acid to? remove rust is best avoided cos the pigment will dissolve leaving behind a? pale yellow to whitish coat and a yellow solution
This yellow pigment is likely lead chromate painted on a steel container


 

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Did you use a transmission of the HCl blank as the reference.? Was the solute filtered before scanning? I’m surprised of the flat response all the way into the NIR.

I can’t say there is Cd in the xrf but there is a slight baseline rise around 23.17 in the smoothed data. It would need a longer count to say for sure.

Dud

?

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of taray singh via groups.io
Sent: Tuesday, March 25, 2025 11:16 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [XRF-Page-2] Pigment Discovery in Rusted CDV 715 Geiger Counter

?

..and the yellow pigment dissolved in dil HCl in a quartz cuvette.

Pic as shown

Scanned under tungsten halogen light visible light spectroscopy

No UV transmission in this quartz cuvette detected

Perhaps the pigments have uv blocking properties or otherwise

Oxalic acid to? remove rust is best avoided cos the pigment will dissolve leaving behind a? pale yellow to whitish coat and a yellow solution

This yellow pigment is likely lead chromate painted on a steel container


 

Blank was dil HCl

Not filtered.

The rusted??xrf specimen did show a Cd oeak perhaps enhanced by the corrosion.

Cd if present is likely a minor??component to??improve color properties ?

The CDV manual??does not specify pigments .

Will try repeating with filtration for a better optical spectrum.





On Wednesday, March 26, 2025, 11:23 PM, Dude via groups.io <dfemer@...> wrote:

Did you use a transmission of the HCl blank as the reference.? Was the solute filtered before scanning? I’m surprised of the flat response all the way into the NIR.

I can’t say there is Cd in the xrf but there is a slight baseline rise around 23.17 in the smoothed data. It would need a longer count to say for sure.

Dud

?

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of taray singh via groups.io
Sent: Tuesday, March 25, 2025 11:16 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [XRF-Page-2] Pigment Discovery in Rusted CDV 715 Geiger Counter

?

..and the yellow pigment dissolved in dil HCl in a quartz cuvette.

Pic as shown

Scanned under tungsten halogen light visible light spectroscopy

No UV transmission in this quartz cuvette detected

Perhaps the pigments have uv blocking properties or otherwise

Oxalic acid to? remove rust is best avoided cos the pigment will dissolve leaving behind a? pale yellow to whitish coat and a yellow solution

This yellow pigment is likely lead chromate painted on a steel container


 

Dude
My? modified cuvette? holder was a bit dirty and light path somewhat elongated.
Here is? a new? merged setup.
Shows absence of UV transmittance? and better spread towards infrared


 

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That really knocks down the blue to UV.

Dud

?

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of taray singh via groups.io
Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2025 7:29 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: [XRF-Page-2] Pigment Discovery in Rusted CDV 715 Geiger Counter

?

Dude

My? modified cuvette? holder was a bit dirty and light path somewhat elongated.

Here is? a new? merged setup.

Shows absence of UV transmittance? and better spread towards infrared