If you look at the circuit of the low voltage regulators in diagram <10> you can see that the +5V regulator uses the regulated +15V supply to the collector of Q1582.? So if there is excess current on the +15V line then both +15V and +5V will go close to zero.? You can measure the +15V load current by measuring the voltage across R1457.
Measuring the resistance to ground of the supply rails will not normally detect a fault which causes a transistor or IC to draw excess current when all the supply voltages are turned on.? I would be suspicious of the +15V supply fault immediately after changing the capacitors.
Regards,
Roger