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Further studies of aDNA in the U.K. is exciting, and hopefully will continue to move the needle in understanding the composition of migration waves over vast swaths of time. Thanks, Tom. pk

You may enjoy this article that was posted in the U106 group, regarding ancient DNA and the change in the population of

That's true, Daryl, "daughtering out" does have a profound effect on a lineage. Something I've noticed, while searching for genealogy threads, is that many rich land owners would also include their

Thanks for posting these, Tom.

Daryl, You need to git outta my noggin '! Well stated sir Brad

The default way to do TMRCA estimates is use predetermined mutation rate. You can all this a strict clock or whatever? you want, but as far as we know (the scientific studies to date), the Y

I haven't done an indepth study of the above TMRCA methods, and this is the first of heard of a 'strict clock' which I doubt is possible. I have checked Ian's TMRCAs, and didn't find strictness, if

Interesting short summary on the announcement but it is sparse on the underlying details of the algorithms themselves... The 'relaxed' method simply sounds like a means to 'force-fit' apparently

I was remiss by not adding the FTDNA's new paper on aging: Big Y Age Estimates: Updates and the Battle of Falkirk (familytreedna.com) ( https://blog.familytreedna.com/tmrca-age-estimates-update/ )

FTDNA has added a "Time Tree" feature to it's Discover More tool.? It reminds me of the Scientific View in YFull, You may enjoy checking it out. -Tom LIttle Little Project

Thanks for that explaination Mike. I guess it was the inconsistent SNPs that I wasn't factoring in which made the term "phylogenetically consistent" difficult to grasp. A "SNP that shows up on and off

Please, please do not repost this - MNPs are excluded. We need to be patient and wait for the white paper.

Daryl requested, "I'd like to get a detailed definition of "phylogenetically consistent" as Alex W used it". Here is a description of phylogenetic comparison

Something we need to consider about TMRCA statistically based methods is they have (and should have) error ranges. Oftentimes the 95% confidence interval is long range of time. We should try to focus

Hi Daryl - to be fair to Iain I thought I would provide some of his contemporary comments on similar subject (time estimates and aging)... There are all sorts of nomenclature used in these discussions

Mike, and all: A mere quest for knowledge below. I'd like to get a detailed definition of "phylogenetically consistent" as Alex W used it, if you know of one. I can't seem to grasp exactly what

YFull has moved their payment center to somewhere due to the war- France maybe. They now charge 45 Euros, and for us using $$, that goes up and down with the conversion rate. I've sent two kits

You had two inquiries. I'll answer below.

Mike: Thanks for posting that information. Yes, I think I have a chance of BigY matching with IN48416, but only genealogically before the 1700s and likely a few hundred years before that even. Of

I went ahead and checked the R-A1067 subgrouping in the project and then broke out R-A1067 haplogroup people into two: 13060. ... R-A1067* 13061. ... R-A1067 The 13061 folks might fit better