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Contact Microphone advice


 

I saw in a documentary a researcher recording the sound of insects with a contact microphone. His preamp must have been strong, he would attach the piezo to a branch and record the vibrations produced by a grasshopper. Amazing! I'd like to do the same.

My (discrete) preamp is quite modest. Input impedance is 2.2K and the maximum gain around 50, which I use for electrets. I'd like to plug a contact microphone to it, but I'll probably need a higher input impedance buffer and amplifier to mediate. I've been thinking to build a small box with a 3.7V li-ion battery and a low voltage opamp with some gain as buffer/preamp. I have experience in audio circuits, but zero in this kind of microphones.

Any ideas, advices, or guidelines to achieve what I want? I've decided to ask before doing too much research first. I'm also open to ready made active solutions, but rather on the low cost area.

Best regards,
Domingo


 

You will need a high impedance for electret: 1M Ohm or more. You can use an active DI, a triton fet for piezo, or have a look to the opamp alice circuits from Jules R.
50dB of gain should be OK since a decent sized piezo has an high output



 

Most electret have a built-in FET, which results in an impedance of 600-5000 ohms. These don't need a high impedance of 1 Megohm.
OTOH, electret capsule without a built-in FET require a very high impedance load, typically 1-10Gigaohms (1000-10000 Megohms).


 

Thanks for the replies.
What contact microphones are mostly being used by the community and which specs should I consider?
I see many in offer for musical instruments, like the Korg CM-400, or many unbranded for guitars on Ali and so on. But none indicate sensitivity (dB/mm?) or frequency response charts.

JrF seems C-series like the most reliable option, right? I just wonder which alternatives are there or how different from typical 20EUR instrument contact mics it is. For well, last time I ordered from UK to continental Europe I paid a leg in taxes (sorry to mention that).

Cheers!
Domingo


 

Hi. I started a table of info about contact mics and preamps on my website. I use them to record tiny things (rather than mic louder instruments) so maybe the research will be useful for you too?

Example: Here's my low-tech but extremely low noise preamp that works with plugin power:

-Zach


 

Thank you Zach! So good that you documented and share your knowledge and experience.

I'd like to try the FET buffer, I never built one but it seems simple as the guts of my electrets :). My 'PiP' is ca.11V through a 20K resistor, which provides 0.5mA; instead of the standard 2.5V through 2.2K that your circuit is based on. I might have to replace the 150ohm drain resistor with something higher or try other JFETs, no experience on that as I said. BTW, maybe you confused drain and source in your text description of circuit–it seems to me that the 150ohm is a source resistor and the drain resistor is 'inside the recorder' (counter-intuitive).

I like your take on ultrasonic piezo discs, for flatter response. I suppose that they should be as big as possible and the resonant frequency not that far beyond the audible spectrum, to keep them sensitive. Some are 50mm with resonance at 40kHz, but rated 35W :s so not sure how they would sound.

is also interesting, with a higher resonant frequency than the LOM but unfortunately half sensitive.

Cheers,
Domingo


 

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Those discs work great, if you can find them. The key is shielding and the piezo buffer. You Pip with higher voltage and resistor should work. The current through the FETvwill be similar thus the 150ohm resistor bias should still work.?
Best Regards,

Jules Ryckebusch?

On May 25, 2024, at 07:43, Domingo Riesco via groups.io <chumariesco@...> wrote:

?Thank you Zach! So good that you documented and share your knowledge and experience.

I'd like to try the FET buffer, I never built one but it seems simple as the guts of my electrets :). My 'PiP' is ca.11V through a 20K resistor, which provides 0.5mA; instead of the standard 2.5V through 2.2K that your circuit is based on. I might have to replace the 150ohm drain resistor with something higher or try other JFETs, no experience on that as I said. BTW, maybe you confused drain and source in your text description of circuit–it seems to me that the 150ohm is a source resistor and the drain resistor is 'inside the recorder' (counter-intuitive).

I like your take on ultrasonic piezo discs, for flatter response. I suppose that they should be as big as possible and the resonant frequency not that far beyond the audible spectrum, to keep them sensitive. Some are 50mm with resonance at 40kHz, but rated 35W :s so not sure how they would sound.

is also interesting, with a higher resonant frequency than the LOM but unfortunately half sensitive.

Cheers,
Domingo


 

Great, thanks for the affirmation Jules.
I just ordered some piezo discs (including the ultrasonic 35W) and a little batch of 2SK170-GR I found from a local (DE) seller by chance.

Regards,
Domingo