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tracing Marcin Chamot / Chamut


 

Hello again!

This time I'm trying to establish the fate of my grandfather, Marcin Chamot / Chamut who apparently disappeared before the family got to south Kazahhstan (via Vorkuta / Archnagelsk).

I have 4 records now which first show him as an osadnik in Wolyn with the rank of "bombardier",
then a deportation record for early March of 1940 which show him, his wife Anna, and his 3 sons:- Bolek, Jozef, and Henry and destined for northeast Archangelsk oblast (although apparently they actually went to Vorkuta instead) followed by another record which shows the family in southern Kazakhstan but now Marcin and Anna are missing and replaced by Maria, and finally another record, apparently based on information Bolek gave when enlisting in Ander's Army which shows Anna, Maria, Jozef, and Henryk with Bolek in the army and Marcin still missing.

It appears that grandfather Marcin either was diverted along the way or simply died somewhere along the way
but how I can find more information about his exact fate?

One possibility is that he was arrested and sent instead to Katyn since after the initial invasion they did arrest some retired Polish officers and sergeants although I'm not sure if Marcin would qualify.

It depends on what a "bombardier" was:- apparently this was a title for an artillery sergeant who would have directed a small artillery crew and been responsible for the nitty-gritty of moving them, positioning them, finding supplies for them, and firing the guns at the targets designated by an officer but it also might simply be a name assigned to any ordinary soldier who formed part of an artillery crew (ie what we would call a "gunner").

How can I establish if grandfather was sent to Katyn?

Another possibility was that he was diverted to the Far East to Magadan or to Kolyma and is there a way to check on that?

If he was not diverted to those places then it's most likely he died somewhere along the way between Kowel, Vorkuta / Archangelsk, south Kazakhstan, Tadzhikistan, and Ashgabat / Krasnovodsk:- are there any additional records which could offer more information about that possibility?

Thank you.



 

Eve-Marie:

A couple of thoughts:

1. Vorkuta or Nandya? ?The Soviet NKVD archives posted at?

?

record the Chamut family as arriving?on 5 March 1940?at the special labour settlement "Nandya" (today, incorporated into the town of Urdoma), Lensky region, Archangel oblast. This destination is corroborated in the testimony of another deportee from Ostrowa, wie? Wiktorówka,?Józefa (Stykowska)?Dzyra?at?.?

The IPN Indeks of the Repressed?

?

?adds that Marcin was released from Nandya on 12 September 1941, headed for Aleksandrowka in Cza?kowska oblast. There is no mention of Vorkuta, and it is unlikely that amnestied Poles would return to forced labour in even harsher NKVD camps after their release.

Nandya was a source of labour, however, for the Pechora railway through Kotlas to Vorkuta. That may explain the references your uncle makes to Vorkuta – as the eldest male, he may have been pressed into a work gang on the railway, while they family stayed in Nandya.?

Nandya photos:?
?
Regards
Stefan Wi?niowski
Sydney


 

Eve-Mare:

More on Nandya camp, Lensky rejon, Archangel oblast and the distance from Nandya-Urdoma to Vorkuta, on the main railroad line between Kotlas and Vorkuta.

Regards,
Stefan Wisniowski
Sydney


??

In 1939, a step which was Arbatov arrived by barge in Vychegda Lensky district, where construction began ferrying Urdoma - Tuva.?The hands have built the camp barracks, but soon the whole stage was transferred to the Tyva station.?And in the camp Urdomsky point number 55 of the fifth department Sevzheldorlag called - Nyanda were imported stage of the Polish prisoners of war who were captured after the partition of Poland in 1939.?Due to a Polish citizen Zbigniew Nedzvedzkomu, we managed to get the memories of one of the inmates of this camp Vaclav Flisinskogo.?For example, 15 July 1940, he talked about life in the camp: "...after the adventures that we had about half of June in support of the "feeble "... many colleagues thrown into solitary confinement and for stubborn organized gang box.?I was also among the "feeble", such as myself, it was about a hundred people: the disabled or just older people.?When went to the doctor, he did not even want to hear: "We have to work" - said shortly".

The author also describes the memories of a tragic incident that occurred in the construction of 26 October 1940, when the bridge under the wheels of a truck killed 15 Poles, are the names of the victims.?All of them were buried in the woods near the village of Nyanda.

There were Poles and other camps.?Mieczyslaw Buyko teenager was convicted and sent to the North, was in camp on the shore of Protoka Vychegda.?"I particularly remember the very first winter - remember - it has stood fierce.?Seek people and hunger: fed badly, one of turnip gruel.?Mortuary was in his eyes, for several corpses per night dragged their barracks".

Fate was cruel to the man and after the sentence was over for him.?I could not prove that he was a Pole, and, therefore, to return home to Poland.?The documents in the nationality column recorded - Belarusian.?And so it remained until the end of life in the village, which was once a prisoner.?While allowed to force courted place of burial ducts prisoners.

There are numerous other evidence, in what inhumane conditions the prisoners lived and worked-Pechora railway builders.?"Poles perished in the camp a lot - says a resident of the village Urdoma MA?Kazakov - every day for 3-4 people were taken away in the grave".

"Large area was - recalls resident of the village Nyanda, VK?Nesterovich - there were many prisoners.?Going on the road: here one brigade, after a distance of - two, three.?Who carries the sand in wheelbarrows who woods.?A gaunt, hungry were, and not just nearly died ... "

ORIGINAL:
"?Зима 1938-1939 годов была страшная, – вспоминал он, – и она оказалась роковой для многих. Были китайцы, трудолюбивые, как муравьи, не постоят, не отдохнут. И падали они, не будучи приспособлены к нашим морозам. А осенью 1939 года нас погрузили в вагончики и по построенному нами пути вывезли к Вездино. Но нас было уже значительно меньше. Если половина лагеря осталась в живых – и то хорошо?.?В 1939 году этап, в котором находился Арбатов, прибыл баржой по Вычегде в Ленский район, где началось строительство перегона Урдома – Тыва. Своими руками построили бараки лагеря, но уже вскоре весь этап был переброшен на станцию Тыва. А в урдомский лагерный пункт № 55 пятого отделения Севжелдорлага, проще называемый – Нянда, был пригнан этап польских военнопленных, которые оказались в плену после раздела в 1939 году Польши.

Благодаря гражданину Польши Збигневу Недзведзкому, нам удалось получить воспоминания одного из узников этого лагеря Вацлава Флисинского. Так, например, 15 июля 1940 года он рассказывал о жизни в лагере: ?… после авантюры, которую мы устроили около половины июня в защиту ?слабосильных?, … многих коллег бросили в карцер, а для неподатливых организовали штрафную бригаду. Я также был среди ?слабосильных?, таких, как я, было около ста человек: инвалиды или просто люди старшего возраста. Когда пошли к врачу, он даже не захотел слушать: ?Надо работать?, – сказал коротко?.

Автор воспоминаний также описывает трагический случай, произошедший на строительстве 26 октября 1940 года, когда на мосту под колесами железнодорожной платформы погибло 15 поляков, приведены имена? погибших. Все они были похоронены в лесу около поселка Нянда.

Были поляки и в других лагерях. Мечислав Буйко еще подростком был осужден и выслан на Север, попал в лагерь Протока на берегу Вычегды. ?Особенно запомнилась самая первая зима, – вспоминал, – выдалась она лютой. Добивал людей и голод: кормили скверно, одной баландой из турнепса. Покойницкая была на глазах, по нескольку трупов за ночь вытаскивали их барака?.

Судьба оказалась жестокой к этому человеку и после того, как окончился для него срок заключения. Не смог доказать, что он поляк, а значит, и вернуться домой в Польшу. В документах в графе национальность сделали запись – белорус. Так и остался до конца жизни в поселке, где когда-то был узником. Пока позволяли силы, ухаживал за местом захоронений узников Протоки.

Сохранилось немало и других свидетельств того, в каких нечеловеческих условиях жили и работали заключенные-строители Печорской железной дороги. ?Поляков в лагере погибало много, – рассказывала жительница поселка Урдома М.А. Казакова, – каждый день по 3-4 человека увозили на могилки?.

??Большая зона была, – вспоминала жительница поселка Нянда В.К. Нестерович, – много заключенных было. Едешь по дороге: тут одна бригада, через некоторое расстояние – другая, третья. Кто на тачках песок возит, кто лес. А исхудалые, голодные были, как и не помирали только…???