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October 13, 1869 The Allegan & Holland Railroad and the Muskegon & Ferrysburg Railroad are merged into the Michigan Lake Shore Railroad under an agreement signed September 29. The MLS will later be included in the Pere Marquette, Chesapeake & Ohio and CSX railroads. October 13, 1902 Professor Ernest Rutherford of McGill University, who would later earn the Nobel Prize for chemistry, is the first to demonstrate wireless communication between a station and a moving train. His test subject was a special Grand Trunk passenger train running between Toronto and Montreal. October 13, 1914 The Algoma Central & Hudson Bay Railway [later AC, WC, CN], building north from Sault Ste. Marie Ontario, opens its northernmost section between Oba and Hearst, Ontario. October 13, 1956 Thanks to a new connection with the Lackawanna, Erie Railroad passenger trains can proceed directly to Hoboken, bypassing Jersey City. October 13, 1978 The last passenger train in the US pulled by an Alco PA-1 [albeit one termed a "PA-4" after a new prime mover and electrics are installed] pulls out of Boston: MBTA train 453. October 13, 2009 A man decides to protest a ticket dispute by "mooning " the conductor at Lauenbruek Station, Germany after he was thrown off the train. His pants catch in the closing car door, dragging him about 600 feet. The stunt delays 23 trains and shuts down service on the line for an hour. Several charges will be filed against the 22-year-old man. October 13, 2011 The American Heritage Company, operator of the Durango & Silverton train, announces it has reached an agreement to also operate the Cumbres & Toltec Scenic railroad. Mark Tomlonson

October 14, 1845 The Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore rules that all "extras" are subordinate to all regular passenger trains, except for one carrying the text of the President's annual message. October 14, 1863 The Baltimore & Ohio Board approves the lease of the Newark, Mansfield & Sandusky Railroad, The B&O will change the gauge of the NM&S from 5'-4" to 4'-9-1/2". The B&O plans to operate "compromise" cars to reach Chicago via the 4'-8-1/2" Michigan Southern. October 14, 1872 Japan's first railroad opens. October 14, 1940 In London, a bomb falls on a roadway above the Balham Subway station. A bus falls into the crater and water and sewer lines break. About 66 people taking shelter in the station are killed. October 14, 1958 Gulf, Mobile & Ohio passenger service south of St. Louis ends with the withdrawal of its "Gulf Coast Rebel". October 14, 1960 Senator John F. Kennedy begins a 14-hour whistle-stop tour through Michigan in Ann Arbor. He will tour the state aboard the private car of New York Central President Alfred Perlman. October 14, 1980 President Carter signs the Staggers Act, freeing railroads from volumes of regulations. October 14, 2005 Marquette Rail leases 129 miles of CSX track in west central lower Michigan. October 14, 2011 Grand Rapids MI breaks ground for a new Amtrak station. Mark Tomlonson

October 15, 1849 A National Pacific Railroad Convention is held in St. Louis with 1,000 delegates attending. They will consider building a railroad to California to tap the recently discovered gold fields. October 15, 1851 The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western begins operations. October 15, 1860 The New York & Harlem Railroad begins through ticketing with the New York Central to Albany. The trip takes 4 hours, 18 minutes. October 15, 1864 RPO service begins between New York and Washington. This route will be the last RPO in operation 113 years later. October 15, 1870 Service on the Chicago & Lake Huron, Western Division (later GT, GTW, CN) between Climax Prairie (now Climax) and Battle Creek MI begins. October 15, 1874 The Peoria, Atlanta & Decatur Railroad is renamed the Illinois Midland Railway. October 15, 1904 The Akron & Barberton Belt Railroad opens its Akron extension between Barberton and White Grocery, Akron. (12.56 miles) October 15, 1904 In a crush caused by the World's Fair, St. Louis Union Station handles 86 trains in one hour. October 15, 1906 Baltimore & Ohio opens its Potomac Yard ending a carfloat operation from Shepherd's Landing to Aquia and Alexandria. October 15, 1907 A pneumatic switch machine is placed in service at the Pennsylvania Railroad's Hollidaysburg Yard. October 15, 1910 First Michigan Central passenger trains through the Detroit-Windsor Tunnel. October 15, 1918 The first General Electric diesel-electric locomotive sold is shipped to the Jay Street Connecting Railroad in New York City. Its 200-hp prime mover is built by General Motors. October 15, 1923 The Pennsylvania Railroad begins using its new freight depot at Third & Larned Streets in Detroit. October 15, 1939 Last day of operations, Toledo & Indiana (interurban). October 15, 1941 Pullman launches an experimental coach-sleeper between New York and Chicago on the Pennsylvania Railroad's "Trail Blazer" October 15, 1949 The Gulf, Mobile & Ohio retires its last steam locomotive, 2-8-2 #404, becoming the first major U.S. railroad to dieselize. The event is covered in a "Life" magazine feature. October 15, 1953 Twin City Lines sells its remaining 91 PCC cars to Mexico City. October 15, 1960 Merger date of the Erie and the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western railroads. October 15, 1966 The United States Department Of Transportation is created. October 15, 1967 The Union Pacific experiments with shipping livestock as TOFC freight. October 15, 1973 The Ann Arbor declares bankruptcy as it defaults on a loan from parent Detroit Toledo & Ironton. The loan was used for the conversion of Ann Arbor carferry No. 7 to the "MV Viking" 8 years earlier. October 15, 1996 CSX announces it will try to buy Conrail. October 15, 2005 China announces the completion of the world's highest railway. The pan-Himalayan line climbs 16,640 feet above sea level across Tibet's snow-covered plateau, known as the roof of the world. It has been criticized as an environmental and cultural threat to Tibet and is itself threatened by rising temperatures that could one day melt the frozen ground beneath it. October 15, 2009 Virginia & Truckee McKeen car No. 22 moves under its own power for the first time in 64 years. October 15, 2010 The Gotthard Base Tunnel is holed through. At 35.4 miles, it is the longest tunnel in the world. When opened, it will serve railroads and highway traffic. Mark Tomlonson

October 16, 1826 The Stockton & Darlington Railway becomes the first in the world to begin a regular, scheduled revenue passenger service, The passenger cars will remain horse-drawn until 1833. October 16, 1865 Horsecars begin service in Bellaire OH. October 16, 1882 The Nickel Plate Railroad begins operations. October 16, 1887 The Great Northern reaches Great Falls MT. October 16, 1910 The Detroit River Tunnel Company, owned by the New York Central, routes all of its freight traffic via the new tunnel between Detroit and Windsor ONT, ending the car ferry on the Michigan Central - Canada Southern route. October 16, 1916 The Michigan Central inaugurates the "Motor City Special", an all First Class train running between Detroit and Chicago. October 16, 1943 Chicago officially opens its new subway system. October 16, 1946 The Pennsylvania Railroad names James M. Symes Deputy Vice President-Operations. Symes brings with him long service in Chicago and experience in dieselization on western railroads. He favors diesels over PRR's steam designs. October 16, 1948 The Baltimore & Ohio's last new steam locomotive #5594, Class T-3C rolls out of Mt. Clare's erecting shop in Baltimore. October 16, 1954 The Southern Pacific dieselizes its 3-foot gauge Keeler branch. October 16, 1955 Ceremonial last day of steam on the Long Island. October 16, 1964 The Wabash Railroad is leased to the Norfolk & Western. The N&W also takes over the Nickel Plate Road, Pittsburgh & West Virginia, and leases the Akron, Canton, & Youngstown. October 16, 1967 The Rock Island donates its Aerotrain to the National Transportation Museum in Green Bay WI. October 17, 1839 The Central Railroad of Michigan reaches Ann Arbor from the east. October 17, 1859 A train of Pennsylvania Railroad Directors making a circle tour of Western Lines through Chicago and St. Louis is detained at Martinsburg VA due to John Brown's raid on the arsenal at Harper's Ferry. October 17, 1866 A national convention of railroad presidents convenes in New York. They hear a recommendation for telegraph block system like that in use over the past year between Kensington and New Brunswick. October 17, 1877 The 3-foot gauge Delphos, Bluffton & Frankfort Railroad (later TStL&W, NKP, NS, WBCR] is incorporated in Indiana, although it will mostly operate in Ohio. October 17, 1888 Washington DC gets its first glimpse of an electric trolley, as an experimental car is demonstrated. October 17, 1892 The Great Northern reaches Wenatchee WA. October 17, 1902 The Zanesville & Western (OH, later NYC) is incorporated. October 17, 1943 The Burma Railway is completed. October 17, 1960 Five operating unions and the railroads agree to the creation of a Federal Commission to study work rules and "featherbedding". The railroads have agreed, believing that their viewpoint will prevail. October 17, 1960 The Erie Lackawanna is created from the merger of the Erie and Delaware, Lackawanna & Western railroads. October 17, 1983 SEMTA runs its last commuter train between Pontiac and Detroit. October 17, 2000 A crash near Hatfield, UK points up the dismal state of repairs under Railtrack. This leads directly to the demise of Railtrack, a company founded to privatize state-owned British Rail. October 18, 1882 Horsecars come to Oshkosh WI. October 18, 1909 A special silver cup is given to the Pennsylvania Railroad's Purchasing Department Baseball Team, winners of the General Office baseball League competition. PRR's General Office has also established Basketball and Bowling Leagues. October 18, 1911 The carferry Chief Wawatam arrives in St. Ignace MI and will start ferrying passengers and railroad cars across the Straits of Mackinaw in the next couple of days. The previous ferry, the all-wood St. Marie will be retired. October 18, 1947 Inaugural run of the "AuRoRa", Alaska's premier passenger train. October 18, 1947 The Great Northern celebrates its 10,000th trainload of apples leaving Wenatchee WA. October 18, 1955 The last of Philadelphia's Nearside cars are burned. Only car 6618 has survived, given to the Seashore Trolley

October 19, 1839 The first railway timetable, devised by George Bradshaw, is published in Manchester, England. October 19, 1862 Over the next several days, the Confederate Army will destroy all Baltimore & Ohio facilities at Martinsburg, WV and over 20 miles of main line. October 19, 1873 The Post Office Department extends the mail route over the Grand Rapids & Indiana from Walton to Traverse City. October 19, 1878 The Detroit & Milwaukee is organized into the Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee. [later GTW] October 19, 1893 A Grand Trunk passenger train wrecks at Battle Creek, killing 26. October 19, 1897 George M. Pullman dies suddenly. Animosity among railroad laborers left over from the Pullman Strike is still running high, and he will be buried at night in a lead-lined coffin encased in steel to prevent desecration of his grave. October 19, 1897 First railroad in Zimbabwe. October 19, 1943 Operation of troop sleeper and kitchen cars is turned over to the Pullman Company. October 19, 1949 Following complaints by the New York City Mayor's Committee on Unity, the Pennsylvania Railroad discontinues the practice of segregating passengers on through trains to the South. The Southern Railway says it will continue to observe "Jim Crow" laws but will not require segregation of African-Americans coming from north of Washington DC. Seaboard Air Line says it will continue to insist on segregated cars. October 19, 2010 Amtrak opens a new station facility in Sanford FL to serve Auto-Train passengers. October 19, 2017 Union Pacific unveils its 16th commemorative locomotive, “The Spirit” honoring U.S. Armed Forces. SD70AH-T4C #9206 has been renumbered to 1943. The number and the name recall the year a B-17 bomber “Spirit of the Union Pacific” was paid for with funds raised by UP employees through the sale of war bonds. October 19, 2017 CSX closes the hump at its Willard OH, converting the facility to flat sorting. Mark Tomlonson

October 20, 1854 Kingston Locomotive Works, the predecessor of the Canadian Locomotive Company, completes its first locomotive. October 20, 1872 The first closed track circuit is installed in Kinzua, PA. Invented by Dr. William Robinson, the circuit is the basic building block of electric railroad signaling systems. October 20, 1880 James J. Hill signs a contract with the Dominion of Canada to build a railroad from Montreal to Vancouver within ten years. He will do it in five. October 20, 1881 Construction of the Pontiac, Oxford & Port Austin Railroad (later GTW) begins in Caseville, bringing rail service to Michigan's "Thumb" area. October 20, 1883 The Oberlin & LaGrange Railway (OH, later NYC) is chartered. October 20, 1890 The Great Northern begins construction of its Pacific Extension at Havre MT. October 20, 1891 The Kewuanee, Green Bay & Western (later GB&W) is completed. October 20, 1893 Fond du Lac WI experiments with an electric streetcar system. The experiment will end next year. October 20, 1900 Construction officially begins on the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Muskegon (MI Interurban). Some preparatory work began last month. October 20, 1920 The Association of American Railroads issues standards for stenciling reporting marks on the sides of freight cars. October 20, 1925 The Boston & Maine uses a diesel switcher for the first time. October 20, 1928 The Great Northern "holes through" on the new Cascades Tunnel. October 20, 1931 To create a pretext for the invasion of Manchuria, a railway explosion is faked by Japanese troops. October 20, 1953 The Pennsylvania Railroad hires its first African-American brakeman. It agrees to eliminate its "Whites Only" rule in hiring conductors. October 20, 1954 To commemorate the 100th Anniversary of Horseshoe Curve, the Sylvania Electric Products Corporation sponsors a night shot of the Curve using more than 6500 flashbulbs. October 20, 1957 The Pennsylvania Railroad runs a "Farewell to Steam" excursion between New York and Sea Girt NJ. October 20, 1980 The Southern Pacific buys the former Rock Island line from Kansas City to Tucumcari NM. The Katy buys the Rock's former Herrington KS to Dallas line and renames it the "Oklahoma, Kansas & Texas". Mark Tomlonson

October 21, 1869 First shipment of fresh oysters by rail. October 21, 1890 Streetcars run in Chicago IL for the first time. October 21, 1905 First railway on Cyprus, a 67-mile, 30-inch gauge line. October 21, 1906 Cable cars come to an end in Chicago IL. October 21, 1918 First train on the Montreal - Deux-Montagnes line. October 21, 1921 The Pennsylvania Railroad institutes $1 special combination plates ($14.41 in 2018) for lunch and dinner in its dining cars. This is a large savings over ordering a la carte. October 21, 1949 Detroit's Woodward Avenue PCC cars discontinue running to the boat piers at the foot of 3rd Street. They now loop at the Detroit River. October 21, 1950 The Monongahela Railroad ends passenger service. October 21, 1984 Railroad carferry service between Michigan's two peninsulas ends. October 21, 2010 The Adrian & Blissfield [MI] finalizes the purchase of an ex-Michigan Central Branch between Lansing and Jackson. It will be operated by an A&B subsidiary "Jackson & Lansing Railroad Company", reporting marks JAIL. Mark Tomlonson

October 22, 1866 The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad begins the "B&O Lightning Express", a fast freight line for westbound oysters and dry goods. October 22, 1872 The Great Epizootic strikes New York and Boston. In Boston, men will be hired to pull the horsecars to try keeping some semblance of urban transportation in place. This experiment to replace the ailing horses is not a success. October 22, 1895 An express train overruns the buffer at Gare Montparnasse, Paris. It crosses over 30 meters of concourse before smashing through the station wall and falling to the street below. A photograph of this accident will be a popular poster in the late Twentieth and early Twenty-first centuries. October 22, 1906 William Mackenzie and Donald Mann file plans with the Government of Canada to build their Canadian Northern Railway's mainline from Edmonton through the Yellowhead Pass to the Pacific coast. The greater portion of the line remains in service as Canadian National's mainline. October 22, 1919 The Pennsylvania Railroad agrees to present medals to all employees who have served in the armed forces during World War I. October 22, 1925 Central of New Jersey 1000, the first commercial Diesel-Electric locomotive enters service at the Bronx Terminal Yard. October 22, 1926 The Great Northern receives its first diesel locomotive. October 22, 1929 The Grand Trunk carferry "Milwaukee" is lost in a violent storm in Lake Michigan. Waves smash the seagate, which allows water to enter the lower decks through grates covering the coal chutes on the car deck. None of the 42 people aboard survive. The hull will be located in 1972. October 22, 1930 The Pennsylvania Railroad abandons the Missaukee Branch between Merritt and Michelson MI. October 22, 1934 Union Pacific's 900 hp M-10001 sets the current (2018) coast-to-coast speed record for an American passenger train: 57 hours from Oakland Pier to Grand Central Terminal. October 22, 1949 The Danzig-Warsaw express derails in Poland. More than 200 people are killed. October 22, 1962 Western Pacific opens its new alignment along the Feather River, necessitated by the damming of the river. Included in the new route is a spectacular concrete arch bridge over the river's North Fork. October 22, 1968 Candidate Richard Nixon leaves Cincinnati aboard his "Nixon Victory Special" bound for Columbus. Although the train is traveling over Penn Central, Nixon's staff have found PC's business cars too decrepit and are using cars owned by the Chesapeake & Ohio instead. October 22, 2017 A man enters the cab of an Amtrak train rolling through Nebraska. No harm is done, but cell phone records and other evidence will lead to the FBI charging him as a domestic terrorist in January 2018. October 22, 2019 The city of Eau Claire WI sells Soo Line 4-6-2 2719 and its tender to Lake Superior Railroad Museum in Duluth MN for $8. The locomotive was displayed in an Eau Claire city park from 1959-1996. Eau Claire had hoped to display the engine again, but could not afford the $100,000 + it would take to move the locomotive back to Eau Claire from the museum. Mark Tomlonson

October 23, 1882 The New York, Chicago & St. Louis ("The Nickel Plate Road") officially begins operations. October 23, 1906 The Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen present a demand for an 8-hour day for switchmen working in the Chicago Switching District. October 23, 1928 The Pennsylvania Railroad forms the "Keystone Container Car Company" to operate its new LCL container service. The new company will compete with the New York Central's "L.C.L. Corporation". The first service by the Keystone Company will be one week from today between Philadelphia and New York. October 23, 1929 The Pennsylvania Railroad announces it has placed an order for 100 additional Class M1 4-8-2's for fast freight service. Fifty of the locomotives will come from Baldwin, 25 from Lima and 25 from Juniata. October 23, 1929 The first transcontinental air service, New York to Los Angles, begins. October 23, 1956 The New Haven begins testing its version of "Train X": a bi-directional set with Baldwin-Maybach diesel hydraulic locomotives at each end. October 23, 1959 Grand Trunk Western 4-8-4 6325 is donated to the City of Battle Creek and placed on display in a city park. October 23, 1996 Norfolk Southern offers a counter to CSX's bid for Conrail of eight days previous, triggering a bidding war. October 23, 2004 A Japanese "Bullet" train derails for the first time since the service was inaugurated in 1964. The train was traveling at 135 mph when an earthquake caused the derailment. There were no injuries. October 24, 1853 The Cleveland & Toledo RR (later LS&MS) is completed Cleveland to Sandusky OH October 24, 1871 Toledo, Peoria & Western Railroad opens a branch between La Harpe and Lomax on the Chicago Burlington & Quincy. October 24, 1877 The first trials of rioting strikers in Pittsburgh gets underway. October 24, 1910 The Pennsylvania Railroad takes delivery of its first P54 suburban coach. The all-steel cars are assigned to local service out of Penn Station. October 24, 1918 The secretary to the Mayor of Boston boards the 20th Century Limited with enough flu vaccine to inoculate 17,000 San Franciscans. It is hoped that the vaccine will halt the spread of the “Spanish” flu pandemic. The vaccine will prove to be useless. October 24, 1956 The world's first PCC car, Brooklyn 1001, is given to the Shore Line Trolley Museum, its present home. October 24, 1959 Pullman service ends on the Bangor & Aroostook. October 24, 1959 Last run of the Canadian Pacific/Boston & Maine "Red Wing". October 24, 1959 Last in-service run of Norfolk & Western 611, class J 4-8-4 Northern. The last run is an excursion, a precursor to the locomotive’s extensive fan trip career. October 24, 1960 Vice President Richard Nixon leaves Washington DC via the Pennsylvania Railroad on his only whistle-stop tour of the campaign. October 24, 1995 The sale of the former Kalamazoo, Lake Shore & Chicago trackage between Hartford and Paw Paw to Pioneer Railcorp is finalized. Pioneer will operate the line as "West Michigan Railroad Company". October 24, 1996 Wisconsin Central buys the ex-Chicago & North Western lines in the U.P. from UP. October 25, 1848 The Galena & Chicago Union Railroad (later C&NW) runs the first steam locomotive out of Chicago. Named "Pioneer" it had worked for the Michigan Central as the "Alert" constructing the line west of Kalamazoo. The locomotive has been preserved. October 25, 1854 The broad gauge (5'6") Carillon & Greenville Railway opens near Hawkesbury ON as a portage railway around Hawkesbury Rapids. On this date in 1910 it will close, having become the last broad gauge railroad in North America. October 25, 1873 The first train operates from Auburn Jct. to Butler IN on the Detroit, Eel River & Illinois Railroad. (later ERRR, L&T, TH&I, Vandalia, PCC&StL, PRR, PC, CR) October 25, 1923 The Pennsylvania Railroad's first Class M1 4-8-2 locomotive is completed at Juniata. Designed for dual service, they will be used mostly for freights. October 25, 1926 The Detroit, Toledo & Ironton begins using Pullman-built gas-electric cars between Delray and Bainbrdge OH. The new

October 26, 1871 The first passenger train reaches Colorado City CO. October 26, 1874 The Grand Trunk Railway is converted to Standard Gauge east of Montreal. October 26, 1891 The New York Central inaugurates the westbound “Empire State Express”, carded at 504 minutes for the 440 miles between New York and Chicago. October 26, 1905 The New York Central & Hudson River Railroad places an order for 25,000 freight cars. This breaks the record set last week by the Pennsylvania Railroad's order of 21,000 cars. October 26, 1933 The Pullman Railplane, an experimental self-powered car, is tested on the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton. The straight track on the DT&I allow the Railplane to reach its top speed of 90 mph. October 26, 1959 With the exception of a single "Talgo" trainset, only Budd RDC's will run out of Boston's North Station for the next 20 years. October 26, 1968 Penn Central leaves LaSalle Street Station in Chicago. All of its trains move to Union Station with the exception of trains on the former "Big Four" line, which continue to use Central Station. Mail and Express remain at LaSalle Street. October 26, 1969 Great Northern issues its last Employee Timetable. October 26, 1986 President Reagan signs the bill authorizing the sale of Conrail stock to the public. October 26, 1992 California's Metrolink begins operations with 11 stations and 112 miles of track. October 26, 1995 The Montreal / Deux-Montagnes Commuter Train Line is modernized and reopened after being closed for three consecutive summers. Mark

October 27, 1854 Near present day Jeanette’s creek in Chatham-Kent ONT on the Great Western Railway (later GT, CN), a gravel train that had falsely been given clearance collides head-on with a passenger train running at least 4 hours late. The wreck kills 52 people and leaves as many as 60 injured. It is Canada’s first major train wreck and the worst train wreck in North America at that time. October 27, 1856 First train between Montreal and Toronto over what will become the Canadian National "Kingston" subdivision. October 27, 1859 First train between Louisville and Nashville on the L&N. October 27, 1870 The Denver & Rio Grande Railway Company is incorporated. October 27, 1872 Combined boat-rail service ends on the Camden & Amboy between New York and Philadelphia. October 27, 1904 The first New York subway system opens on the East Side on Park Avenue South from City Hall to Grand Central and on the West Side on Broadway from Grand Central to 137th Street. Three hundred fifty thousand people ride on the 9.5-mile route. It is the first subway to run both underground and underwater. October 27, 1904 Informal tests are held at Schenectady of the new General Electric Locomotives bound for Grand Central Terminal. October 27, 1907 The first revenue train enters the unfinished Washington DC Union Station. October 27, 1912 The lower level of Grand Central Terminal opens. October 27, 1930 Electro-Motive Corporation's demonstrator number 463 runs from Philadelphia to Steelton with 10 cars. This is the first EMC diesel to run on the Pennsylvania Railroad. October 27, 1956 The New York Central removes its Aerotrain from service. October 27, 1957 The "Aerotrains" make their last runs in mainline service on the Union Pacific. UP felt the trains were too small and had inadequate food service. October 27, 1957 The New York Central places its "Train X" set in commuter service between Chicago and Elkhart. October 27, 1964 All Baltimore & Ohio passenger trains are now terminating at Fort Street Union Depot in Detroit, save for a single RDC still at Michigan Central Station for contract reasons. October 27, 2014 The first train (“Pere Marquette”) departs from Amtrak’s new Grand Rapids MI station, named after former Congressman Vern Ehlers. October 27, 2016 “BO” tower in Kalamazoo closes. Mark Tomlonson

October 28, 1848 The first railroad in Spain opens between Barcelona and Mataro. October 28, 1906 A three-car electric train running between Camden and Atlantic City NJ falls into a river just west of Atlantic City. Fifty-seven are killed. The coroner's jury finds that rails on a drawbridge were not properly locked. October 28, 1909 The Chicago & West Pullman Railway and the Calumet & Southeastern Railroad merge to form the Chicago & West Pullman Railroad. The line is affiliated with the International Harvester company. October 28, 1912 In response to the disastrous wreck at Kingsland, IN in September 1910, the Indiana Railroad Commission issues an order for the installation of block signals on Indiana interurban lines. Ten lines and 276 miles of track are affected by the order, which is to be fulfilled by July 1, 1913. October 28, 1931 The Pennsylvania and Grand Trunk railroads agree to share their Milwaukee and Muskegon terminals. This is to serve the Great Lakes carferries run by the Grand Trunk-Pennsylvania Transportation Company formed today. Actual operation of the carferries is delayed due to the Depression. October 28, 1932 The Kalamazoo Transportation Company tells the Kalamazoo Gazette that rumors that streetcar service is about to end “ are unfounded”. Service will end 4 days later. October 28, 1953 Train Telephone service begins on the “20th Century Limited" between Buffalo and Chicago. October 28, 1956 After a 2-year study, the New York Central introduces its "Travel Tailored Schedule Plan", an attempt to rationalize local and medium distance passenger service. The plan features short, fast trains with no head-end cars and few sleepers. Intermediate stops at smaller stations are curtailed. October 28, 1962 The Grand Trunk reduces the time for its Chicago-Montreal "International" by one hour and 45 minutes. Chicago-Detroit time is cut by 45 minutes. October 28, 1963 At 9:00 am demolition begins at Penn Station in New York. October 28, 1983 Last revenue run of a GG-1. October 28, 1994 Norfolk Southern announces it is ending its 28-year-old steam excursion program. October 28, 2008 Cliffs Erie Mining Company runs its A-B-B-B-A F9's for the last time. The units were delivered in 1956 and never left the property. October 28, 2010 Amtrak announces an order with Siemens for 70 electric passenger locomotives. The ACS-64 motors will have a top speed of 125 mph and will be built at three U.S. plants. October 28, 2011 For the first time in 25 years, trains carry personnel to and from Fort Lee VA. Mark Tomlonson

October 29, 1830 News of the opening of the Liverpool & Manchester Railway six weeks earlier reaches Philadelphia. October 29, 1889 Illinois Central completes the 4-mile river bridge at Cairo IL. October 29, 1938 The interurban Cincinnati & Lake Erie's Columbus Division, running from Dayton to Columbus via Springfield is abandoned. October 29, 1948 "Tales Of The Red Caboose" a 15-minute show sponsored by and featuring Lionel trains, premieres on ABC-TV. October 29, 1955 Union Pacific shifts its eastern connection from the Chicago & North Western to the Milwaukee Road. October 29, 1964 Candidate Barry Goldwater uses Pennsylvania Railroad business car #180 for a whistle stop trip between Harrisburg and Pittsburg. October 29, 1966 Chesapeake & Ohio passenger service between Grand Rapids and Traverse City MI ends. October 29, 1967 As part of the Northeast Corridor Project, the Pennsylvania cards GG-1 powered trains between New York and Washington DC at 100 mph. The Metroliners remain sidelined with electrical and mechanical problems. October 29, 1972 With the arrival of the westbound "James Whitcomb Riley", Amtrak begins using Cincinnati's River Road station. October 29, 1983 The iconic Pennsylvania Railroad electric locomotive, the GG-1, operates for what is almost certainly the last time. It is used to pull an excursion train. October 29, 2004 Last scheduled run of 1962-vintage former New York Central ACMU cars on Metro-North. October 29, 2005 The Saginaw Bay Southern of Tawas MI, affiliated with Lake State Railway, buys 8 miles of former CSX trackage in Michigan's "thumb". October 29, 2010 Central Railroad of New Jersey 0-6-0 No. 113 is returned to steam. The anthracite-burning locomotive is one of only two surviving CNJ steamers. October 29, 2019 The MTA station at New Rochelle NY is shut down while police investigate a suspicious package. The package contained equipment for the MTA’s new system for reporting suspicious packages. Mark Tomlonson

October 30, 1837 Russia's first railway opens between St Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo (27 kilometres). October 30, 1850 The Michigan Central Railroad opens from New Buffalo to Michigan City IN using the charter rights of the New Albany & Salem Railroad (later CIL, L&N, CSX) within Indiana. October 30, 1868 The ceremonial first shovel of dirt is turned for the Atchison Topeka & Santa Fe. October 30, 1888 Electric streetcars begin service in Lafayette IN. October 30, 1902 The Winona & Warsaw Railway (IN) is incorporated. October 30, 1921 A mixed train between Muncie and Converse IN on the Pennsylvania Railroad replaces the previous passenger service. October 30, 1931 Secretarial service is dropped from Pennsylvania Railroad Blue-Ribbon passenger trains running between New York and Chicago and New York and St. Louis. October 30, 1937 The International Railway Company operates the last interurban to Lockport, ending interurban service on the Niagara Frontier. October 30, 1937 The last streetcar runs in Lancaster OH. October 30, 1939 The New York World's Fair closes for the year. The Pennsylvania and Long Island Railroad have hauled one out of every four visitors. October 30, 1956 Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton ships its last common-carrier-sized locomotive from its Eddystone PA factory. The S12 switcher, used around the Eddystone Plant since it was built in 1955, will go to Erie Mining as their #403. October 30, 1960 The "Commodore Vanderbilt" name disappears from New York Central passenger timetables. October 30, 1960 Portland ME Union Station closes. October 30, 1963 The New York Times runs an editorial on the demolition of Penn Station, calling it "a monumental act of vandalism." October 30, 1967 The Mackinac Transportation Company lays up the "Chief Wawatam", substituting the barge "Manistee" and the tug "Muskegon”. October 30, 1970 President Richard Nixon signs the enabling legislation for Amtrak. October 30, 1972 In the worst railway accident in Chicago history, two commuter trains collide in early morning dense fog, killing 45 and injuring 332. The engineer of an Illinois Central Gulf train overshot the 27th Street Station. As he backed to the station, the rear of the train was not properly flagged. The train had cleared an automatic block signal, and was struck by an express commuter train. After this accident all Chicago commuter trains are painted with bright stripes at the ends of the trains. October 30, 1983 New Jersey Transit officially retires its remaining GG-1's, after a day of fantrips yesterday. No GG-1 has run under its own power since. October 30, 2004 Amtrak drops smoking cars on all trains except the Auto-Train. At the end, only the Crescent, Silver Star and Silver Meteor carry smoking cars. October 30, 2008 Regional railroads Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern (mostly ex-C&NW) and Iowa, Chicago & Eastern (mostly ex-MILW) are placed under the control of Canadian Pacific. October 30, 2013 The world’s deepest railway tunnel (190 feet/58 metres) opens, connecting the eastern and western parts of Istanbul. Also the first tunnel to connect two continents (Asia and Europe), the project was first proposed in the 1860’s. “Marmaray” tunnel is 8.5 miles long. October 30, 2013 Police in San Diego shut down a tunnel to Tijuana used by drug smugglers. The tunnel used an electric railway to transport its illegal cargo. October 30, 2014 A contractor using a large drill to expand a well in Long Island City drills too far into the ground and scrapes the side and roof of an occupied “F” train. The contractor was working on the East Side Access Project, designed to bring Long Island trains into Grand Central Terminal. October 31, 1843 The Vermont Central is re-created to build a line across the center of Vermont. October 31, 1854 The first train arrives in Fort Wayne, IN from the east on the Ohio & Indiana Railroad (later PRR), completing the line from Crestline, OH. October 31, 1859 The Louisville & Nashville Railroad opens between Louisville and Nashville, completing a through line of uniform gauge between the Ohio River at Louisville

November 2, 1836 Horse-drawn trains begin operating on the Erie & Kalamazoo (later MS, LS&MS, NYC, PC, CR). November 2, 1870 The Boston & Albany merges the Albany & West Stockbridge Railroad. November 2, 1873 The Pennsylvania Railroad begins through sleeping car service between Washington and Chicago as well as Washington and St. Louis via Baltimore. It also inaugurates through summer-only sleepers between Washington and Buffalo via Canandaigua and the New York Central. November 2, 1902 The "Golden State Limited", a joint venture by Rock Island and Southern Pacific, begins service between Chicago and Los Angeles. November 2, 1930 Outbound steam trains begin using 30th Street Station in Philadelphia. November 2, 1931 The New York Central pays its last dividend until after the Depression. November 2, 1949 Washington DC's DuPont Subway opens to north-bound cars. November 2, 1966 The Interstate Commerce Commission nixes a container unit train proposed by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Other rails have protested the train, saying it is unfair to them because they aren't ready to provide similar service. November 2, 1969 Last run of the Kansas City Southern's Kansas City to New Orleans "Southern Belle". November 2, 2008 A Swedish Conductor closes the toilets on a train running between Borlange and Gavle. The toilets run on air taken from the brake system, and the conductor was afraid the large number of people riding would mean enough flushes to affect the braking system. November 2, 2009 Warren Buffet announces that his corporation, Berkshire Hathaway, will purchase a 100 per cent stake in BNSF Railway. November 2, 2019 A 17 year old high school student, posing for his senior picture on Union Pacific tracks near Estacada, OR is struck and killed by an approaching train. The area was fenced off and posted with “No Trespassing” signs. Mark Tomlonson

November 3, 1842 First recorded instance of a meal being served on board a moving train. The Directors of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad are served a catered cold lunch on an inaugural inspection trip between Hancock and Cumberland MD. November 3, 1848 First railroad on the South American continent opens, in Guyana. November 3, 1873 Continental Improvement Company completes the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad from Fife Lake to Little Traverse Bay (Petoskey). The line north of Walton Junction will not be operated during winter. November 3, 1893 The Liberty Bell, loaded on a flatcar and on its way home to Philadelphia from the Chicago Columbian exhibition, stalls on a steep grade on streetcar tracks in Philadelphia. Bystanders fill the two streetcars being used to push the flat and enough ballast is obtained for the cars to make the grade. November 3, 2003 The New York City subway retires the last of its 40-year-old "Redbird" cars. November 3, 2008 CN announces it is buying some of the rail and ferry operations of Quebec Railway Corporation. Included in the buy: Chemin de fer de la Matapedia et du Golfe, New Brunswick East Coast Railway, Ottawa Central Railway and the rail ferry firm Compagnie de gestiion de Matane Inc. November 3, 2011 The State of Florida buys a 61-mile line from CSX for its SunRail service. The line will connect DeLand, Orlando and Poinciana. Mark Tomlonson

November 4, 1874 The narrow gauge East Broad Top Railroad & Coal Company opens for revenue service to Robertsdale PA, a new town established by the Rockhill Iron & Coal Company. An excursion tour was held on October 16. November 4, 1925 Canadian National Railcar 15820 finishes a transcontinental trip it started three days earlier, averaging 44 mph and topping out at 60 mph November 4, 1936 Baldwin Locomotive Works officials meet with officials of the Pennsylvania Railroad. PRR approves both passenger and freight versions of a 4-4-4-4 duplex locomotive. November 4, 1947 The citizens of San Francisco vote 3 to 1 to save the Powell Street cable car line. November 4, 1953 The Baltimore & Ohio announces it is all diesel between Jersey City NJ and Cumberland MD. November 4, 1963 Trolley service ends in Baltimore. November 4, 2015 The website “Japan Today” reports that Japanese National Railways has begun a public relations campaign to reduce “aruki smaho” – the practice of walking around a train platform while using a smart phone and then bumping into other waiting passengers. JNR fears that someone may be bumped onto the tracks. Mark Tomlonson

November 5, 1862 The Amboy, Lansing & Traverse Bay Railroad, more commonly known as "The Ramshorn Road" (later JL&S, MC, NYC, PC, CR) completes its Lansing to Owosso route. (Some sources say 10/25/1863) November 5, 1888 The first passenger train arrives in Middlebury IN, coming from Goshen on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway. When the station is built next month, it will be too close to the tracks. The building will be moved soon after. November 5, 1905 The westbound "Michigan Central Limited" is renamed the "Wolverine". It will become the premier Chicago-New York Train on the Michigan Central route. November 5, 1926 The Dayton, Covington & Piqua (Interurban) calls it quits. November 5, 1931 The Pennsylvania Railroad begins truck/rail container service between New York and Philadelphia and New York-Baltimore-Richmond. November 5, 1956 The Virginian Railway takes delivery of new electric road switchers from General Electric. November 5, 1958 The Pennsylvania Railroad discontinues its tradition of providing free wall calendars. November 5, 1963 The Mackinac Transportation Company Board votes not to repair the "Chief Wawatam" and to abandon operations. November 5, 1967 Robin Gibb of the Bee Gees survives the Hither Green rail crash in England. Forty-nine people lose their lives and 78 are injured. Eleven of the twelve packed coaches on the train derail, and four of them roll onto their sides. November 5, 1973 BART begins service between San Francisco and Daly City Mark Tomlonson

November 6, 1893 The Elwood (IN) Electric Street Railway begins operations. November 6, 1906 In the early morning hours, a Baltimore & Ohio freight train and a B&O passenger train collide head-on in Porter County IN. Between 55 and 61 people are killed. November 6, 1926 Dayton, Covington & Piqua Traction Company (OH) is abandoned, despite the fact it was one of the few interurbans to outlast a parallel steam road (Cincinnati Hamilton & Dayton). (Some sources say November 5, some say November 26). November 6, 1932 The streetcars and buses owned by the Kalamazoo Transportation Company are seized for non-payment of $4,487 ($88,475 in 2020) in unpaid taxes. KTC service ended 5 days ago. November 6, 1936 The Pennsylvania Railroad authorizes General Electric to proceed with its proposal to design one 5,000 HP steam turboelectric locomotive. The project is put on the back burner as GE concentrates on a "Steamotive" for the Union Pacific and never makes it back to the front burner. November 6, 1939 The U.S. Supreme Court upholds a Circuit Court decision made last January refusing to allow the New Haven to close 93 stations on its East End. The decision is rendered largely moot as the States involved allow most of the stations to close due to lack of traffic. November 6, 1947 Niagara Falls ONT trolleys end service. November 6, 1967 The New York Central assigns RDC's to its last remaining Cleveland-Cincinnati service. November 6, 1970 Great Northern dedicates its new 7-mile Flathead Tunnel in Montana. November 6, 2017 Fort Erie ONT council votes $100,000 per year out of the city budget to restore CNR 6218 and its accompanying caboose. The 4-8-4 was donated to the city by Canadian National in 1973. November 7, 1835 John Elgar of York PA secures a patent for his plan to build section boats in compartments that are 7 feet by 20 feet, which can be combined end-to-end and side-by-side to form a canal boat and then disassembled to allow transshipment on railroad cars. November 7, 1885 The Canadian Pacific Railway, Canada's first transcontinental railroad, is completed with a last spike ceremony at Craigellachie BC. November 7, 1894 The Mahoning State Line Railroad (OH, later P&LE) is incorporated. November 7, 1902 The Pennsylvania Railroad installs electric arc lighting at Conway Yard. November 7, 1907 Jesus Garcia Corona, a Mexican railroad brakeman, saves the entire town of Nacozari, Sonora, Mexico by driving a train with a burning boxcar of dynamite six kilometers out of town before it explodes. He does not survive. The name of the town is changed to Nacozari de Garcia. Many streets and a sports stadium are named after him, and in Mexico November 7 is celebrated as “Dia del Ferrocarrilero” (Railroader’s Day). November 7, 1916 A Boston streetcar crashes through a dimly lit barrier and plunges through an open drawbridge into the deep Fort Point Channel. Forty-four men and one woman are killed. The accident receives almost no coverage in the papers because of the surprise victory of Woodrow Wilson over Charles Evans Hughes in a last-minute vote recount. November 7, 1925 The ICC approves the takeover of the Ann Arbor Railroad by the Wabash. November 7, 1944 In Aguadilla PR a passenger train derails due to excessive speed descending a grade. Sixteen are killed and 50 injured. November 7, 1947 The first "Friendship Train" leaves Los Angeles for New York. Following an idea by newspaper columnist Drew Pearson, the trains will collect food and other relief goods for France and Italy. In addition to war damage, severe drought is causing food shortages in those areas. November 7, 1987 The Kalamazoo, Lake Shore & Chicago officially begins operations between Paw Paw and Hartford MI. The company has adapted the name of the line's owners from 1906-1926. Pioneer Railcorp will operate the line through 2015. It is now (2020) operated by the Hamilton/Hartford group. Much of the line east of Hartford has had rails removed. November 7, 1987 Singapore opens its first rail rapid transit system. November 7, 1995 Amtrak "Viewliners" begin in-service testing.

November 9, 1867 The Paw Paw Railroad, at 4 miles Michigan's shortest common carrier, begins operation between Paw Paw and Lawton. (Some sources place this event earlier, in September or October 1867.) November 9, 1869 The Pennsylvania Railroad hosts several dignitaries for a demonstration of the Westinghouse air brake between West Philadelphia and Paoli. Another train operates between Pittsburgh-Philadelphia. PRR has had several successful tests of the air brake since the first failure in September. November 9, 1874 The Miami Valley Narrow Gauge Railway is incorporated in Ohio to build from Cincinnati to Xenia via Mason, Lebanon and Waynesville. Part of the line will use the old roadbed of the Cincinnati, Lebanon & Xenia Railroad. November 9, 1878 The Detroit & Milwaukee Railway is reorganized as the Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee (later GT). November 9, 1885 The line over Cajon Pass is completed by the California Southern, a subsidiary of the Atchison Topeka & Santa Fe. November 9, 1895 The last horsecar runs in Detroit. November 9, 1903 Streetcars begin service in French Lick IN. November 9, 1921 President Harding signs the Federal Highway Act of 1921, creating a system of numbered U.S. Highways. These highways are to serve every county seat. November 9, 1923 The Pennsylvania Railroad carries 1,700 Marines in five special trains to the University of Michigan football game in Ann Arbor. November 9, 1941 Thirteen people are killed when a Pennsylvania Railroad train wrecks at Dunkirk OH. Derailed cars on an adjacent track fouled the main line, resulting in the collision. November 9, 1951 The Texas & Pacific becomes the first southwestern railroad to drop steam. Train 28, pulled by 2-8-2 #800 from Shreveport to New Orleans closes the final curtain. November 9, 1953 Canadian National opens its 144-mile branch to the mines at Lynn Lake, Manitoba. November 9, 1953 Canadian Pacific begins using RDC's on some branch lines. November 9, 1953 The Pennsylvania Railroad places specially modified diesels on its Madison IN incline. November 9, 1955 The Norfolk & Western and Pennsylvania railroads along with Rail-Trailer Company of Chicago form Trailer Train Corporation to own and lease interline COFC and TOFC equipment. November 9, 1958 J.J. Wright of the New York Central announces he has developed a weigh-in-motion device for freight cars using absorbed radioactivity to determine the weight. November 9, 1963 A crash involving a freight train and two passenger trains in Tsurumi, outside Tokyo, kills 161. November 9, 1965 The failure of a power plant in Ontario near Niagara Falls causes a 13-hour blackout in New York City. The Pennsylvania Railroad's catenary power, coming from New Jersey is unaffected, however electric track switch motors in Penn Station are. Track switches are spiked and trains will be operated at reduced levels until power is restored tomorrow. November 9, 1969 Passenger trains on the Baltimore & Ohio, Chesapeake & Ohio and Pere Marquette routes into Chicago begin using Chicago & North Western Station following the closing of Grand Central Station yesterday. November 9, 1979 Burlington Northern opens the Powder River Basin in Wyoming. November 9, 2006 Lionel Trains (and Easy-Bake Ovens) are inducted into the "Toy Hall of Fame". November 9, 2011 Thirty years after the original was sold for scrap, a new 50-foot flagpole is installed on top of the former Buffalo [NY] Central Terminal tower. Mark Tomlonson